Uremic Leontiasis Ossea Secondary to Hyperparathyroidism in Three Patients with End Stage Renal Disease

Abstract

Renal osteodystrophy is a common complication referring to the skeletal changes associated with the phosphocalcic disorders of chronic uremia in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Uremic leontiasis ossea (ULO) is a rare and severe form of renal osteodystrophy with characteristic overgrowth of the cranial vault and facial bones. Computed tomography (CT) findings are particularly characteristic and include serpiginous tunneling within the maxillofacial bones and cortical bone resorption. The recognition of its radiological appearance and abrupt management are essential to avoid its devastating esthetic and functional impairments. Today's better medical facilities have improved hemodialysis methods, and meticulous patient follow‐up has decreased the incidence of leontiasis. In this paper, we report three rare cases of patients with end stage renal failure who presented with multiple face swellings and were diagnosed with ULO.