Urea-assistant ball-milled CF  as electrode material for primary lithium battery with improved energy density and power density

Zhou, Pengfei; Weng, Junying; Liu, Xiaolan; Li, Yanyan; Wang, Li; Wu, Xiaozhong; Zhou, Tong; Zhuo, Shuping

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.01.007

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The power density of FG‐450 could reach to 5460 W kg −1 at 3.6 C, along with a high energy density of 1030.5 Wh kg −1 . As shown in Table S4, the electrochemical performance of FG‐450 are much better than the commercial fluorocarbon materials,, and could be comparable to some nano‐CF x materials with a similar F/C ratio, such as fluorinated carbon nanotubes,, fluorinated carbon fibers, fluorinated mesoporous carbon, and fluorinated graphene . However, the cost of fluorinated nanographite is comparatively lower than the other nano‐CF x due to the facile preparation of nanographite precursor here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, the FG‐450 still gives a specific capacity of 589.3 mAh g −1 at a high current density of 3000 mA g −1 (about 3.6 C), which is the highest among the FG‐x samples investigated here, proving the excellent power capability of FG‐450. Obvious voltage delays are always observed for the commercial fluorographite, which significantly inhibits its practical application ,. Apparently, there is no visible potential delay for the FG‐x samples even at a current density high up to 3000 mA g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorinated Nanographite as a Cathode Material for Lithium Primary Batteries

Wang

et al. 2019

ChemElectroChem

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Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) batteries face the problems of low rate performance and initial voltage delay. Herein, we propose a novel type of fluorinated nanographite as a cathode material for Li/CFx batteries through the direct fluorination of nanographite. The structure of fluorinated nanographite, including crystalline phase, particle size, fluorine content, and the properties of C−F bonding, strongly depend on the fluorination temperature. The fluorinated nanographite prepared at 450 °C (FG‐450) shows the highest specific capacity, 837.4 mAh g−1 at 10 mA g−1, along with a discharge plateau of 2.54 V, responding to an energy density of 2004.5 Wh kg−1. The highlights of the fluorinated nanographite are to deliver high rate performance and overcome the initial voltage delay. FG‐450 can be discharged at a high rate of about 3.6 C, delivering a high power density of 5460 W kg−1 with a remaining energy density of 1030.5 Wh kg−1. The good electrochemical performance of the FG‐450 sample is ascribed to the combined effect of its nanoparticle size, large specific surface area, and continuous stacking porosity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Nanographite as a Cathode Material for Lithium Primary Batteries

Wang

et al. 2019

ChemElectroChem

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“…Carbon coating CFx(x=1) materials delivered a higher energy and power density [93]. When the fluorinated carbon materials are treated by a ball milling with urea, the maximum power density reaches 10309 W kg −1 at 5000 mA g −1 [94]. The ball milling effect enlarged the interlayer distance, decreased particle size and increased surface area of CFx materials, which results in improving the electrochemical reaction activity, decreasing the reaction resistance and promoting the lithium ions diffusion.…”

Section: Primary Lithium-ion Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief review for fluorinated carbon: synthesis, properties and applications

Liu

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2019

Nanotechnology Reviews

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Fluorinated carbon (CFx), a thriving member of the carbonaceous derivative, possesses various excellent properties of chemically stable, tunable bandgap, good thermal conductivity and stability, and super-hydrophobic due to its unique structures and polar C-F bonding. Herein, we present a brief review of the recent development of fluorinated carbon materials in terms of structures, properties and preparation techniques. Meanwhile, the applications in energy conversions and storage devices, biomedicines, gas sensors, electronic devices, and microwave absorption devices are also presented. The fluorinated carbon contains various types of C-F bonds including ionic, semi-ionic and covalent C-F, C-F2, C-F3 bonds with tunable F/C ratios. The controllable designing of C-F bonding and F/C ratios play a key role to optimize the properties of fluorinated carbon materials. Until now, the potential issues and future opportunities of fluorinated carbon are proposed. The present review will provide a direction for tuning C-F bonding and F/C ratios, developing a safe and efficient fluorination method and popularizing the applications of fluorinated carbon materials.

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“…Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhance the rate capability of CF x materials. Several hybrid materials were evaluated and showed some improvements, such as CF x /MnO 2 , CF x /Ag 2 V 4 O 11 , CF x /LiV 3 O 8 , CF x /urea . However, the above mentioned hybrid strategies would sacrifice the energy density due to the low capacity of the secondary cathode material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several hybrid materials were evaluated and showed some improvements, such as CF x /MnO 2 , [2a,4] CF x /Ag 2 V 4 O 11 , [5] CF x / LiV 3 O 8 , [6] CF x /urea. [7] However, the above mentioned hybrid strategies would sacrifice the energy density due to the low capacity of the secondary cathode material. Therefore, an interesting design of CF x /S hybrid cathode was proposed in our previous work, [8] demonstrating significant improvement in energy density and power density simultaneously during the primary discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Carbon Fluoride/Sulfur Hybrid Cathode for High‐Rate Lithium Batteries

et al. 2019

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A win‐win design and application of carbon fluoride/sulfur (CFx/S) hybrid cathode is demonstrated successfully for both high‐rate primary lithium/carbon fluoride battery and secondary lithium sulfur (Li−S) battery for the first time. Ex situ X‐ray diffraction and Raman analyses are involved to shed light on the discharge mechanism of the CFx/S cathode. The maximum power density breaks through 32023 W kg−1 within the primary discharge by the low fluorine content CFx/S cathode. The high‐fluorine content one can retain an appreciable reversible capacity after 200 cycles at ultra‐fast rate of over 10 C. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time investigating the effect of CFx as a sulfur carrier in Li−S batteries. This facile and effective strategy of CFx/S hybrid cathode opens a new avenue for high performance lithium batteries.

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Urea-assistant ball-milled CF as electrode material for primary lithium battery with improved energy density and power density

Cited by 67 publications

References 31 publications

Fluorinated Nanographite as a Cathode Material for Lithium Primary Batteries

Fluorinated Nanographite as a Cathode Material for Lithium Primary Batteries

A brief review for fluorinated carbon: synthesis, properties and applications

Facile Carbon Fluoride/Sulfur Hybrid Cathode for High‐Rate Lithium Batteries

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