Urbanization revisited: Inner-city slum of hope and squatter settlement of despair

Eckstein, Susan

doi:10.1016/0305-750x(90)90046-z

Cited by 76 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…10 Not only has this topic recently been very much in vogue globally (see UN-Habitat, 2003;Davis, 2006), but, as Fischer and McCann (forthcoming) point out, it also arguably offers an 'x-ray' of Latin America's urban development in a way that few other issues can, as shantytowns and slums have been either the focus or the site for a significant proportion of scholarly studies of urban contexts in the region. As such, the key themes and issues that have emerged from shantytown research over the years offer us a critical window onto the general trajectory of predominant thinking about Latin American urban development, and in particular the way that this has generally moved from considering cities as utopian to a more dystopian perspective (see also Eckstein, 1990).…”

Section: Key Issues In Latin American Urban Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty-first Century: Towards a Renewed Perspective on the City

2011

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This article argues for a more systemic engagement with Latin American cities, contending that it is necessary to reconsider their unity in order to nuance the 'fractured cities' perspective that has widely come to epitomize the contemporary urban moment in the region. It begins by offering an overview of regional urban development trends, before exploring how the underlying imaginary of the city has critically shifted over the past half century. Focusing in particular on the way that slums and shantytowns have been conceived, it traces how the predominant conception of the Latin American city moved from a notion of unity to a perception of fragmentation, highlighting how this had critically negative ramifications for urban development agendas, and concludes with a call for a renewed vision of Latin American urban life.

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Section: Key Issues In Latin American Urban Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty-first Century: Towards a Renewed Perspective on the City

2011

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“…While Castells' (1977) urban radicalism thesis could not be validated empirically, new forms of radicalism emerged generating some support for a radical paradigm (Schneider 1995;Stokes 1991;. Although passivity in the absolute sense is an invalid assessment, there is ample support for more conservative forms of political expression (Portes 1972;Gilbert 1998;Eckstein 2001). Historically, conservatism among the poor can be attributed to the daily demands of survival, domestic demands, a distaste for confrontation, gender expectations, or a repressive environment 2 .…”

Section: Previous Research: What We Already Knowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clientism has been found to be one of the most prominent and enduring features (Ruth 2016) in the political landscapes in the favelas of Brazil (Cardoso 1992;Gay 1994), the pueblos jóvenes of Peru (Stokes 1995;Dietz 1998), the ranchitos of Quito (Lind 2005;Dosh 2006;Burgwal 1995), las invasiones of Colombia (Gilbert and Ward 1984;Gilbert 1998), and las colonias of Mexico (Barriga 1996;Eckstein 1990). An optimistic view would suggest that it provides a mechanism of exchange and solidarity in asymmetrical power relationships between elites and masses (Gay 1994: 5-6).…”

Section: Previous Research: What We Already Knowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropolitics of Urban Slums: Variations in How the Urban Poor Organize Politically

Armet¹

2018

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What social factors influence political participation among the urban poor in Latin America? This paper engages conventional theories of political action pertaining to the urban poor characterized by analytical cleavages that have traditionally accounted for the majority of variation in political behavior. Using primary survey data from La Carpio slum of San José, Costa Rica, multivariate regression analyses show that differing social factors influence political participation in dissimilar ways.Because La Carpio slum respondents moderately participate in community-based organizations and civil protest, nor are they manipulated by clientism, a theory of "quiet encroachment" may serve as an alternative framework for understanding the political behavior of respondents who seek to ameliorate harsh urban realities which have not improved in spite of a move to the center-left by transitional political movements in Latin America.

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“…Eckstein (1990) argued that the benefits of ownership in peripheral areas had been overstated while the disadvantages of rental housing in the city center had been assumed without much evidence; she concluded that some households prefer to rent. Gilbert (1991) argued that households need a range of alternatives and that for some households renting better fitted their needs.…”

Section: Tenure Choice In Developing Countries: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

There's More than One Way to Get a House: Housing Strategies in Panama

Jacobs¹,

Savedoff

1999

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Abstract Throughout Latin America the politics of housing clearly assigns renting an inferior status despite the fact that little is known about household preferences regarding housing tenure or about the strategies households use to get access to ownership. While the literature on self help housing has long emphasized the importance of low income owners in Latin America's cities, the econometric literature that has quantified important aspects of housing demand has not fully incorporated this strategy of progressive construction into the analysis of tenure choice. This paper uses household data from two cities in Panama to evaluate the determinants of the tenure decision in the context of two models. In the first model, households choose between renting and owning; while in the second model, households choose between renting, buying with savings and credit, or obtaining a site and progressively building their home over time. The study shows that the key factors explaining the decision to rent or own are those associated with the family's lifecycle while the choice between buying a complete house and progressive building is affected primarily by income and assets. The results suggest that in countries like Panama that have relatively unfettered land markets, low income households are readily able to become owners because of the alternative strategy of progressive building and this has a positive impact for accommodating growth. Terms of use: Documents in

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Urbanization revisited: Inner-city slum of hope and squatter settlement of despair

Cited by 76 publications

References 7 publications

Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty-first Century: Towards a Renewed Perspective on the City

Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty-first Century: Towards a Renewed Perspective on the City

Micropolitics of Urban Slums: Variations in How the Urban Poor Organize Politically

There's More than One Way to Get a House: Housing Strategies in Panama

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