Urbanization imprint on land surface phenology: The urban–rural gradient analysis for Chinese cities

Abstract

Phenology is the timing of periodic recurring events in the life cycles of living organisms, tuned to the seasonality of their habitats

Response of Vegetation Photosynthetic Phenology to Urbanization in Dongting Lake Basin, China

“…Hu et al showed that the SOS in Harbin, China, was advanced by 2.28 days and 1.35 days per year in urban and suburban areas, respectively [58], whereas the EOS was delayed by 0.43 days and 0.40 days per year in urban and suburban areas, respectively [58]. This north-south variation agrees with the results of Jia et al on the influence of urbanization on vegetation phenology in different regions across China [59] and demonstrates that the impact of urbanization on vegetation phenology in the Dongting Lake basin is consistent with the geographical distribution pattern. The primary reason for this difference is likely the climatic background of different research areas.…”

Quantification of Urban Heat Island-Induced Contribution to Advance in Spring Phenology: A Case Study in Hangzhou, China

“…Polgar et al found that the temperature in late winter and spring or preseason temperature played an important role in the occurrence of SOS [58]. Zhou et al and Jia et al found that the LST showed a statistically significant correlation with SOS (p < 0.05, R 2 > 0.8) [7,15]. In addition, different temperature indicators were used to explore its effect on the SOS, such as daily maximum temperature and diurnal temperature difference.…”

“…Compared with the rural surroundings, there are differences in temperature, photoperiod and atmosphere conditions, having a certain impact on plant phenology. A large number of studies have shown that the acceleration of urbanization in recent years produced substantial impacts on plant phenology over both urban areas and their rural surroundings [15][16][17][18]33]. Therefore, in order to distinguish the contributions of ∆LST and other factors between urban and rural to the difference of spring phenology (∆SOS), we followed the statistical method of quantifying the contributions of cooling and water supply to the yield benefits due to irrigation of Li et al [36], establishing a temperature contribution separation model based on the laboratory of the rural and urban of Hangzhou.…”

“…Urbanization is an important feature of world development today, and it is one of the main causes of global environmental change in the 21st century. The acceleration of 2 of 18 urbanization in recent years has produced substantial impacts on plant phenology over both urban areas and their rural surroundings [15][16][17][18][19]. This is mostly associated to the local warming effect induced by the urban heat island effect, which resulted from the increase in impervious surface percentage and anthropogenic heat emissions [20][21][22][23].…”

“…The urban-rural comparison method used the data of the urban and the rural at the same time to explore the impact of urbanization on phenology, which is a method of changing space for time. The second one has been widely used, because of the great advantages in large-scale observations of remote sensing data [15][16][17][18][19]32]. Meng et al investigated the urban and rural phenology of the of 85 giant cities in the continental United States from 2001 to 2014, and the results showed that the start of growing season (SOS) in the urban was 6 days earlier than that in the rural [33].…”