Urbanization impact on metals mobility in riverine suspended sediment: Role of metal oxides

Abstract

Spatial and temporal fractionation of trace metals and major elements in suspended particulate matter in the Seine River was investigated to study the impact of the increasing urbanization in the Greater Paris Region. Suspended sediments in the Seine River were collected between December 2008 to August 2009 upstream and downstream of Paris. They were subjected to total digestion and sequential extraction procedure certified by the Bureau Communautaire de Référence and trace metals along with major elements were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Metal enrichment factors increased up to eight folds after the Seine River downstream of the Greater Paris Region showing a significant contribution of urbanization. Enrichment of copper, lead and zinc downstream of Paris are followed by the increase of their reducible fraction of at least 10% implicating an increase in metals associated with iron oxides. The exchangeable fraction, which includes the carbonate-associated metals, is only significant for cadmium, nickel and zinc (more than 2 %) while the oxidisable fraction accounts for less than 20 % for the anthropogenic metals downstream except for copper. The metals can be divided to (a) "reducible" group including cadmium, lead, and zinc, associated with more than 60 % of the total Bureau Communautaire de Référence extractable metals to the reducible fraction containing mostly iron oxide phases for the downstream sites. (b) A "distributed" group including chromium, copper, and nickel that are associated to at least 3 different phase-groups: (1) oxides, (2) organic matter and sulphides and (3) mineral phases.

Chemical and sequential analysis of some metals in sediments from the North Coast of the Gulf of Mexico

“…By this technique, presence of Halita was also identified. The preferential binding of Cr to the residual fraction and its distribution was similar to those found in several studies [34,36]. Results indicate that the strongest Cr's bonds were those with silicates; thus, Cr is less mobile and not bioavailable to aquatic fauna.…”

“…Between EDXRF measured concentration in bulk sediments samples and the summation of concentration of all fractions there was no significant difference, excepting for Pb, whose concentration in the sequential extraction was slightly lower, probably due to loss in the reducible fraction. A strong affinity of Pb to Fe, and particularly to Mn oxides [34] leading to the formation of stable forms has been shown in many studies [35].…”

Modelling runoff quantity and quality in tropical urban catchments using Storm Water Management Model

“…Anthropogenic activities in urban areas are the main contributor to water pollution including heavy metals, organic matters, nutrients and bacteria (Phiri et al 2005;Cetin 2009;Ballo et al 2009;Mohiuddin et al 2010;Priadi et al 2011). Stormwater monitoring programs in urban catchment are crucial for characterizing the quality of stormwater runoff and formulate effective pollution control strategy.…”

Lead Pollution Remanence in an Urban River System: A multi-scale temporal and spatial study

“…Treated municipal wastewater from smaller units and urban runoff are the major identified metal sources to the river in this area. The first sampling site is located at Marnay-sur-Seine, situated far upstream on the Seine River (Priadi et al 2011b). It was chosen to represent a site non-affected by the Greater Paris region, where the Seine is a 6 Strahler order river, and the population density upstream Marnay is only 15-30 inhabitants/km 2 .…”