Urbanization Alters the Influence of Weather and an Index of Forest Productivity on Avian Community Richness and Guild Abundance in the Seattle Metropolitan Area

Shryock, Benjamin; Marzluff, John M.; Moskal, L. Monika

doi:10.3389/fevo.2017.00040

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It has been suggested that House Sparrow presence and abundance are linked to the available resources offered by green areas (Murgui and Macias 2010;Shaw et al 2011). Park reforms imply the total or partial replacement of vegetated or soil areas with concrete, asphalt or compact bare ground to build areas for dogs, and even the replacement of natural grass with artificial grass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacement of semi-natural cover with artificial substrates in urban parks causes a decline of house sparrows Passer domesticus in Mediterranean towns

2020

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Many European towns and cities have undergone reurbanisation processes in recent decades. However, their effects on urban biodiversity have been poorly studied. Currently urbanisation processes include park remodelling, which involves the replacement of semi-natural substrates (natural grass, bare soil) with artificial ones (pavement, concrete, areas for dogs, artificial grass). Our aim was to explore, for the first time, the effects of park remodelling on the trends and abundance of a declining urban exploiter, the House Sparrow. An abundance index of House Sparrows was obtained in 32 urban parks of four towns in the Valencian Community (Spain) in four summers (2015)(2016)(2017)(2018). Of the studied parks, 10 were remodelled during the study period. Before remodelling, the trends and abundance of House Sparrows in both groups of parks were similar and stable on average, which suggest no bias between both park groups. However, House Sparrow abundance was significantly reduced in parks affected by remodelling works while in those non-remodelled it remained stable. Park remodelling might be linked to a reduction in both habitat suitability and availability of trophic resources, which could harm urban House Sparrows populations and possibly other species as well. Therefore, new park policies and urban planning measures are urgently needed to preserve urban House Sparrows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacement of semi-natural cover with artificial substrates in urban parks causes a decline of house sparrows Passer domesticus in Mediterranean towns

2020

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“…Our results underline the utility of remotely sensed descriptors of ecosystem functioning to better characterize the ecological niche of species (see Figure 3). For instance, forest species such as Eurasian nuthatch (Sitta europaea) or the European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) were mainly associated with vegetation productivity (minimum EVI values) (see Figure S5 for variable importance at species level)-which has been related to shelter and nesting habitats [55,56]. Birds nesting in rocky cavities such as the common raven (Corvus corax), the common rock thrush (Monticola saxatilis) or the Eurasian crag martin (Ptyonoprogne rupestris) were correlated with sensible heat dynamics and radiance balance (measured from minimum or maximum Albedo and mean or SD of LST) (see Figure S5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Assisted Bird Monitoring Based on Remotely Sensed Ecosystem Functioning and Atlas Data

et al. 2020

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Urgent action needs to be taken to halt global biodiversity crisis. To be effective in the implementation of such action, managers and policy-makers need updated information on the status and trends of biodiversity. Here, we test the ability of remotely sensed ecosystem functioning attributes (EFAs) to predict the distribution of 73 bird species with different life-history traits. We run ensemble species distribution models (SDMs) trained with bird atlas data and 12 EFAs describing different dimensions of carbon cycle and surface energy balance. Our ensemble SDMs—exclusively based on EFAs—hold a high predictive capacity across 71 target species (up to 0.94 and 0.79 of Area Under the ROC curve and true skill statistic (TSS)). Our results showed the life-history traits did not significantly affect SDM performance. Overall, minimum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and maximum Albedo values (descriptors of primary productivity and energy balance) were the most important predictors across our bird community. Our approach leverages the existing atlas data and provides an alternative method to monitor inter-annual bird habitat dynamics from space in the absence of long-term biodiversity monitoring schemes. This study illustrates the great potential that satellite remote sensing can contribute to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and to the Essential Biodiversity Variables framework (EBV class “Species distribution”).

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“…Urbanization affects habitats, notably resulting in their loss, modification, or fragmentation (Crooks & Sanjayan, ). Urbanization also results in chemical, noise, and light pollution, altered temperatures, novel epidemics, predation risks, all in all resulting in the modification of species assemblage and demography (Aronson et al., ; Galbraith, Jones, Beggs, Parry, & Stanley, ; Shryock, Marzluff, & Moskal, ; Vincze et al., ), phenotypic traits (Alberti et al., ; Biard et al., ; Suárez‐Rodríguez, Montero‐Montoya, & Macías Garcia, ), and evolutionary dynamics (Alberti, ; Anderies, Katti, & Shochat, ; Hendry, Gotanda, & Svensson, ). Although urbanization generally results in dramatic local biodiversity declines as a lot of species avoid or are unsuccessful in urban environments, other species are able to cope and even take advantage of such environmental change via plastic or adaptive responses (Lancaster & Rees, ; Møller et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Great tits and the city: Distribution of genomic diversity and gene–environment associations along an urbanization gradient

Perrier

Campo

Szulkin

et al. 2017

Evolutionary Applications

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Urbanization is a growing concern challenging the evolutionary potential of wild populations by reducing genetic diversity and imposing new selection regimes affecting many key fitness traits. However, genomic footprints of urbanization have received little attention so far. Using RAD sequencing, we investigated the genomewide effects of urbanization on neutral and adaptive genomic diversity in 140 adult great tits Parus major collected in locations with contrasted urbanization levels (from a natural forest to highly urbanized areas of a city; Montpellier, France). Heterozygosity was slightly lower in the more urbanized sites compared to the more rural ones. Low but significant effect of urbanization on genetic differentiation was found, at the site level but not at the nest level, indicative of the geographic scale of urbanization impact and of the potential for local adaptation despite gene flow. Gene-environment association tests identified numerous SNPs with small association scores to urbanization, distributed across the genome, from which a subset of 97 SNPs explained up to 81% of the variance in urbanization, overall suggesting a polygenic response to selection in the urban environment. These findings open stimulating perspectives for broader applications of high-resolution genomic tools on other cities and larger sample sizes to investigate the consistency of the effects of urbanization on the spatial distribution of genetic diversity and the polygenic nature of gene-urbanization association.

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Urbanization Alters the Influence of Weather and an Index of Forest Productivity on Avian Community Richness and Guild Abundance in the Seattle Metropolitan Area

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Replacement of semi-natural cover with artificial substrates in urban parks causes a decline of house sparrows Passer domesticus in Mediterranean towns

Replacement of semi-natural cover with artificial substrates in urban parks causes a decline of house sparrows Passer domesticus in Mediterranean towns

Model-Assisted Bird Monitoring Based on Remotely Sensed Ecosystem Functioning and Atlas Data

Great tits and the city: Distribution of genomic diversity and gene–environment associations along an urbanization gradient

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