Urbanisation-induced displacements in peri-urban areas: Clashes between customary tenure and statutory practices in Ugbo-Okonkwo Community in Enugu, Nigeria

Abstract

Rapid urbanisation is precipitating wide-ranging and often irreversible changes in cities and at the shifting peri-urban areas around the world. As a significant factor of change in the 21 st Century, urbanisation is irreversibly transforming everything on its path-air, land, water, and ecology, including institutions, customs, and lifestyles. The subject scope of urbanisation research is therefore quite wide and diverse. Yet, urbanisation-induced attritions and substitutions of customary tenure practices, coupled with the associated politics and resistances, remain utterly overlooked. Using a mixed method approach (involving desktop research, remote sensing data and stakeholder interviews), this paper examines the clashes between customary tenure regime and statutory practices dictated by urban laws, and how different stakeholders are appropriating them both to promote and resist displacement or eviction. Amidst growing encroachment pressures on peri-urban communities in Nigerian cities, a new imperative for enhanced tenure security and integrated planning approach are proposed.

Rearing livestock on the edge of secondary cities: examining small ruminant production on the fringes of Wa, Ghana

“…Due to their rapidly emerging importance in sustainable development discourse, urban fringe areas have become the focus of critical scientific research in the Global South ( Adu-Gyamfi, 2021 ; Masereka and Wadembere, 2019 ). However, the focus of these researches is on food crop production, land commodification, natural resources, and general livelihoods, and sanitation and solid waste management ( Abdulai et al., 2021 ; Bonye et al., 2021 ; Onyebueke et al., 2020 ). Urban-development and growth-management challenges have led to lost economic opportunities and increasing poverty in secondary cities, especially in their fringe regions ( Roberts, 2014 ).…”

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“…Salah satu dampak dari urbanisasi adalah Urban sprawl, yang dipengaruhi oleh biaya tanah yang meningkat seiring dengan kepadatan perkotaan, yang menyebabkan pertumbuhan perkotaan menyebar ke pinggiran atau kota-kota kecil (M. Liu et al, 2016). Selain itu, urban sprawl juga dapat terjadi sebagai dampak terhadap pemilik tanah adat dan masyarakat di daerah peri-urbanisasi yang disebabkan oleh pengambilalihan lahan oleh pemerintah, kekuatan pasar, atau kombinasi dari keduanya (Onyebueke et al, 2020). Beberapa populasi memilih untuk tetap di perkotaan untuk mendapatkan peluang ekonomi yang lebih baik seperti pendapatan dan pendidikan, meskipun biaya hidup lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah pedesaan, yang mengakibatkan munculnya kawasan kumuh (Rivera-Padilla, 2021).…”

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“…Also prevalent in the urban villages of the North-West region is the customary tenure, which predates the colonial era, but is gradually being eroded by the operations of the LUA and neoliberal economic practices. Nevertheless, customary tenure constitutes over 80% of the entire landholding operating in most rural communities and determines ownership, possession, access, use and transfer (Onyebueke et al 2020). It represents evolving uncodified laws, principles and norms that prevail despite the LUA.…”

“…The impact of these tenurial arrangements on the overall development of urban village is spatial, social and economic. Onyebueke et al (2020) examined clashes between customary tenure and statutory practices and how stakeholders are appropriating them to promote and resist displacement/eviction in a community in Enugu, Nigeria. The study discovered that peri-urbanisation is consequential to displacement risks confronting customary landholders and communities.…”