Urban water networks as an alternative source for district heating and emergency heat-wave cooling

Guo, Xiao‐Feng; Hendel, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.108

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To consider the stratification factor which could degrade the availability of water at relevant temperatures, a factor of 0.95 is used for over dimensioning the volume. Concerning indirect TES by PCM, the TES volume ranges from 4 to 75 m 3 proportionally. This is thanks to the higher storage capacity by phase change enthalpy.…”

Section: Tes Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, technical and legislative supports in District Heating Networks (DHN) development provide favourable conditions for RRES integration. First, the next generation DHN will be characterized by low temperature thermal energy supply [2,3]. Contrary to typical high temperature solutions such as that with steam (1st generation) or pressurised hot water above 100 • C (2nd and 3rd generation), the supply temperature of the 4th generation DHN is lower than 100 • C. This trend is ongoing thanks to techniques like Demand Side Management (DSM) through building thermal mass [4,5], load prediction & scheduling [6], using thermally responsive coatings to regulate the solar input [7], as well as online substation monitoring & control [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems

2019

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Large-scale solar heating for the building sector requires an adequate Thermal Energy Storage (TES) strategy. TES plays the role of load shifting between the energy demand and the solar irradiance and thus makes the annual production optimal. In this study, we report a simplified algorithm uniquely based on energy flux, to evaluate the role of active TES on the annual performance of a large-scale solar heating for residential thermal energy supply. The program considers different types of TES, i.e., direct and indirect, as well as their specifications in terms of capacity, storage density, charging/discharging limits, etc. Our result confirms the auto-regulation ability of indirect (latent using Phase Change Material (PCM), or Borehole thermal storage (BTES) in soil) TES which makes the annual performance comparable to that of direct (sensible with hot water) TES. The charging and discharging restrictions of the latent TES, until now considered as a weak point, could retard the achievement of fully-charged situation and prolong the charging process. With its compact volume, the indirect TES turns to be promising for large-scale solar thermal application.

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Section: Tes Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems

2019

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“…Energy efficiency is also important, i.e. aiming to limit the impact of air conditioning during summer (Tremeac et al 2012, De Munck et al 2013 or favoring the use of urban water networks for emergency cooling (Guo & Hendel 2018). Cooling solutions also include so-called "cool materials" (façades, rooftops or pavements), which include reflective, emissive, heat-harvesting, permeable or PCM materials (Santamouris 2013, Santamouris 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the heat budget of standard, cool and watered pavements under lab heat-wave conditions

Parison

Hendel

Grados

et al. 2020

Energy and Buildings

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The thermal behavior of 12 standard and cool pavement structures (asphalt, granite, stabilized sand, cobblestones, reflective paints, pervious concretes, dry grass, etc.) coupled with pavement-watering is studied in the lab under heatwave like conditions. Watering is fine-tuned for each structure to maximize cooling and minimize water consumption using two linear cooling regimes, before deployment in the field. The surface heat budget is closely studied and the partitioning of irradiance and net radiation into conductive, convective, radiative and cooling flux at surface is analyzed for each structure. Energy partitioning, surface temperature increase and optimal watering rates all exhibit good correlation with overall surface absorptivity. The transmitted flux at varying depths is also characterized using a transmission index that includes surface absorptivity and apparent conductivity of the traversed layers. Results of this study intend to improve our understanding of the energy balance of cool pavements compared to traditional ones under given weather conditions, as well as that of processes involved in the optimization of their evaporative cooling versus watering rate. Benefits of each pavement, efficiency of the method, limitations of the protocol and its potential transposition to the field are all discussed in this contribution.

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“…They saw major problems in the fall of the mass temperature, degradation of the heat exchanger output, decrease in reliability and a possible failure. Guo and Hendel [30] paid attention to the very interesting low-temperature heat sources. In their study, they carried out detailed analysis and evaluation of the applications of heat pumps and cooling units using the energy contained in wastewater in sewerage systems, water mains, and road irrigation water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Comparison of Some Low-Temperature Heat Sources for Heat Pumps

Neuberger

Adamovský

2019

Energies

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The efficiency of a heat pump energy system is significantly influenced by its low-temperature heat source. This paper presents the results of operational monitoring, analysis and comparison of heat transfer fluid temperatures, outputs and extracted energies at the most widely used low temperature heat sources within 218 days of a heating period. The monitoring involved horizontal ground heat exchangers (HGHEs) of linear and Slinky type, vertical ground heat exchangers (VGHEs) with single and double U-tube exchanger as well as the ambient air. The results of the verification indicated that it was not possible to specify clearly the most advantageous low-temperature heat source that meets the requirements of the efficiency of the heat pump operation. The highest average heat transfer fluid temperatures were achieved at linear HGHE (8.13 ± 4.50 °C) and double U-tube VGHE (8.13 ± 3.12 °C). The highest average specific heat output 59.97 ± 41.80 W/m2 and specific energy extracted from the ground mass 2723.40 ± 1785.58 kJ/m2·day were recorded at single U-tube VGHE. The lowest thermal resistance value of 0.07 K·m2/W, specifying the efficiency of the heat transfer process between the ground mass and the heat transfer fluid, was monitored at linear HGHE. The use of ambient air as a low-temperature heat pump source was considered to be the least advantageous in terms of its temperature parameters.

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Urban water networks as an alternative source for district heating and emergency heat-wave cooling

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems

Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems

Analysis of the heat budget of standard, cool and watered pavements under lab heat-wave conditions

Analysis and Comparison of Some Low-Temperature Heat Sources for Heat Pumps

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