Urban Soil’s Functions: Monitoring, Assessment, and Management

Vasenev, Viacheslav; Smagin, A. V.; Ananyeva, N. D.; Ivashchenko, Kristina; Gavrilenko, E. G.; Прокофьева, Т.В.; Patlseva, A.; Stoorvogel, J.J.; Gosse, D. D.; Валентини, Р.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3638-5_18

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…In this model, the kinetic parameter of destruction ( k ) is not constant and depends on the controlling factors of temperature and humidity in accordance with (10) and (11): k = k max · f ( W ) · m ( T ) . Known monitoring data on the annual dynamics of the parameters T and W in the Moscow megapolis [ 4 , 26 ] are introduced into the model by spline-approximation [ 5 ]. The results of the numerical simulation are shown in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The half-life and characteristic time of 95% organic matter decomposition, estimated by Equations (2) and (3) are 0.9 and 3.9 years respectively. Such a low stability of peat substrates actively used in the practice of gardening in Moscow, inevitably lead to degradation of vegetation, in particular green lawns [ 26 ]. Moreover, the destruction of unstable peat substrates leads to an additional release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and a general negative carbon balance of urban lawns [ 26 ], exacerbating the local greenhouse effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a low stability of peat substrates actively used in the practice of gardening in Moscow, inevitably lead to degradation of vegetation, in particular green lawns [ 26 ]. Moreover, the destruction of unstable peat substrates leads to an additional release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and a general negative carbon balance of urban lawns [ 26 ], exacerbating the local greenhouse effect. The specific intensity of CO 2 emission from a unit of area during annual peat decomposition (200–500 g·m −2 year −1 ) exceeds the analogous indicator of anthropogenic release (100 g·m −2 ·year −1 from the calculation of 100 thousand tons per year of exhaust gases in the area of Moscow about 100 thousand hectares).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical simulation in Matlab-7 software showed that the potential losses in this treatment make up 9–10% for 580 h (less than a month) and reach 33% of the initial content for three months regardless of the SSPH concentration ( Figure 5 A). The use of temperature data typical for the humid climatic conditions in the Moscow megapolis according to [ 4 , 26 ] with the spline approximation of the dependence T ( t ) for an analogous numerical simulation showed that the destruction of the hydrogel proceeds in this case more slowly than in the irrigated arid soils. About 10–13% of the initial SSPH content (rate) is lost during a vegetation season.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main method of laboratory testing was incubation of samples in closed vials with subsequent assessment of soil respiration by CO 2 emission. The index of specific or so-called basal respiration, obtained in incubation experiments, is often used to assess the activity of the microbial community of soils, including in urban settings [ 2 , 25 , 26 ]. However, despite the standardization of the definition of this indicator [ 27 ], a number of researchers indicate serious methodological problems not solved in this standard [ 2 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of Some Organic Materials in Soils and Soil Constructions: Experiments, Modeling and Prevention

et al. 2018

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The decomposition of natural and synthetic polymeric materials (peat, humates, biochar, strongly swelling hydrogels and other soil conditioners) in a biologically and chemically active soil environment inevitably leads to a reduced ability to improve the structure, water-retention, absorptive capacity and fertility of artificial soil constructions in urbanized ecosystems and agro landscapes (constructozems). Quantitative assessment of the biodegradation process using field and laboratory incubation experiments, as well as mathematical modeling, showed the possibility of significant (up to 30–50% per year) losses of organic matter of constructozems and a corresponding deterioration of soil quality. Incubation experiments that track the carbon dioxide emission rates of polymeric materials under given thermodynamic conditions allow for the estimation of decomposition rates in addition to an exploration on the dependence of such rates on additions of microbial inhibitors. The use of nomographs provide an opportunity to optimize long-term amendment performance in soil constructions by identifying the most favorable depths to apply amendments to ensure stable functioning during desired in-service timelines in the built environment. The results of the study are useful for geo-engineers and landscaping practitioners.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of Some Organic Materials in Soils and Soil Constructions: Experiments, Modeling and Prevention

et al. 2018

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Anthropogenic soils and landscapes of European Russia: Summer school from sea to sea—A didactic prototype

et al. 2020

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Field excursions and trainings are considered a key component of education programs in soil and environmental sciences. They allow mastering students’ practical skills in sampling and onsite assessments and improve understanding of ecosystem integrity and complexity. Urbanization has a substantial impact on soil properties and functions; however, field courses focused on urban soils are rare. We present a didactic prototype and the outcomes of the “Monitoring, Modeling, and Management of Urban Green Infrastructure and Soils (3MUGIS)” summer school—the first educational tour observing anthropogenic soils and landscapes along the bioclimatic gradient in European Russia, from tundra to dry steppes. Didactic learning was based on a studying‐by‐doing approach; students were involved in environmental assessment in multiple regions varying in climatic and socioeconomic features. Considering the high spatial heterogeneity of urban ecosystems, we used express techniques (portable X‐ray fluorescence, infrared gas analyzers) for onsite soil analysis at multiple replicas. The data collected were discussed with local and international experts from Russia, Germany, the United States, and France in the context of regional environmental problems (e.g., pollution, soil degradation, and urban expansion). Students discovered zonal changes in vegetation (e.g., increasing tree height and diversity from north taiga to forest steppes) and soil properties (e.g., a gradual increase in pH and changes in soil organic C), as well as urban‐specific processes and features (e.g., urban heat island effect or soil artifacts). The overall student feedback was very positive (50.8% excellent, 36% good); some specific organizational issues will be addressed for future 3MUGIS summer schools.

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Assessing and mapping urban soils as geochemical barriers for contamination by heavy metal(loid)s in Moscow megapolis

et al. 2020

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Urbanization is responsible for some negative environmental consequences, including soil contamination by heavy metal(loid)s (HMs). At the same time, urban soils can buffer HMs and perform as geochemical barriers. For the case of Moscow city, the soil contamination by multiple HMs as well as soil buffer capacity was analyzed, mapped, and considered to assess urban soils as geochemical barriers. Comparison with the health standards indicated contamination by different HMs in 30–60% of the observations, and Zn and Cd were the most widely spread contaminants. “Hotspots” of contamination were shown in the central and eastern districts of Moscow with the most intensive traffic and congregation of industries. New spatial patterns were shown for soil performance as geochemical barriers to multiple HM contamination. High buffer capacity of loamy and slightly alkaline soils in the city center with high contamination level resulted in a better performance of soil geochemical barriers compared with some green zones and natural areas where low buffer capacity of loamy sandy and slightly acid soils were not enough to resist even relatively low contamination. The capacity of urban soil to perform a geochemical barrier for contamination by HMs is an important ecosystem service. Spatially explicit information on this ecosystem service can be highly relevant to assess environmental and health risks of urban soil contamination and to support decision making in urban planning and sustainable development.

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Urban Soil’s Functions: Monitoring, Assessment, and Management

Cited by 24 publications

References 111 publications

Biodegradation of Some Organic Materials in Soils and Soil Constructions: Experiments, Modeling and Prevention

Biodegradation of Some Organic Materials in Soils and Soil Constructions: Experiments, Modeling and Prevention

Anthropogenic soils and landscapes of European Russia: Summer school from sea to sea—A didactic prototype

Assessing and mapping urban soils as geochemical barriers for contamination by heavy metal(loid)s in Moscow megapolis

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