Urban Shrinkage and Sustainability: Assessing the Nexus between Population Density, Urban Structures and Urban Sustainability

Slach, Ondřej; Bosák, Vojtěch; Krtička, Luděk; Nováček, Alexandr; Rumpel, Petr

doi:10.3390/su11154142

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…The physical spatial structure is, in practically all cases, characterized by an older dense street network and compact buildings (apartment houses). Organic urban structure (walkable historic city centers with irregular streets) and urban block structure: (For description see References [104,105]) prevail. The houses in these locations usually do not exceed several floors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Patterns of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services in Cities of Various Sizes, Morphologies and Economies

2020

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We compare intra-urban localization patterns of advertising and IT companies in three large Czech cities. The main aim of our analysis is an empirically-based contribution to the question to what extent do knowledge bases affect the spatial distribution of various knowledge-intensive business industries. The central research question is: To what extent is the localization of these two industries influenced by different modes of innovation/knowledge bases (symbolic vs. synthetic) and to what extent by contextual factors, such as urban size, morphology, position in the urban hierarchy and economic profile of the given city. We found that the urban contexts shape the localization patterns of advertising and IT companies more than differences in knowledge bases-both industries cluster primarily in the inner cities and urban cores. Formation of more suburban IT "scientific neighborhoods" is limited. significantly to the economic transformation of formerly industrial cities (considering IT, Brno is now the most specialized city in Czechia and Ostrava is the third) [13][14][15].Advertising is a representative of KIBS with a purely symbolic knowledge base. These companies should require tight geographical proximity to their customers, suppliers or rivals [16,17], and cluster in urban cores and dense inner cities, close to the headquarters of large corporations and public institutions. By contrast, services with a predominantly synthetic knowledge base (such as IT) rely primarily on knowledge sourcing and innovation collaboration with partners inside value chains, which are not necessarily local [18,19]. IT companies should, thus, exhibit more dispersed spatial patterns (However, Zook [20] documented clustering of internet companies in the inner city, close to the financial institutions, Spencer [12] also noted this possible location pattern), although they may cluster at the neighborhood level as well [12].Méndez-Ortega and Arauzo-Carod [21] stated that " . . . in addition to industry-specific characteristics that determine some external requirements by these firms (such as accessibility to skilled labour or specialized IT suppliers), there are some city-specific characteristics (e.g., urban policies, spatial distribution of economic activity) that also matter, and which shape the location decisions taken by these firms." We aim to analyze exactly these city-specific characteristics and their effects on the spatial distribution of firms. Our central research question is: To what extent are localization patterns of selected KIBS influenced by their distinct modes of innovation (knowledge bases) and to what extent by the city-specific characteristics?Funding: This research wJan Žas funded by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports through a research grant "SMART technologies to improve the quality of life in cities and regions" (no.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Patterns of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services in Cities of Various Sizes, Morphologies and Economies

2020

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“…Bernt et al, 2014;Laze, 2009). The attributes mentioned concerning urban policy on urban shrinkage and depopulation were quite characteristic for Central and Eastern Europe, including its industrial regions (Hackworth, 2014;Rumpel & Slach, 2012;Slach et al, 2019;Stryjakiewicz, 2014;Wiechmann & Pallagst, 2012). Although such attitudes have become less visible in recent years, they are still very common .…”

Section: Urban Policy Towards Depopulation In the Silesian Voivodeshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does urban shrinkage require urban policy? The case of a post-industrial region in Poland

Runge

Kantor‐Pietraga

et al. 2020

Regional Studies, Regional Science

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The problem of depopulation in towns is present in most European countries. In Central and Eastern Europe it emerged primarily after the political transformation at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s. Despite the often-significant demographic decline, the problem did not immediately become part of agenda-setting in towns' local strategies. This paper discusses the above topics, focusing on the principal reasons for trivialization of depopulation in local policies of towns in the Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. In the discussion an emphasis is placed on the fact that in this region the issue of depopulation and urban shrinkage 'vied' with another consequence of transformation: unemployment. Because the Silesian Voivodeship is one of the largest regional labour markets in Europe, the confrontation of the two phenomena in local and regional policy took an original course characterized by phenomena such as policy taboo, trivialization, informal agenda-setting and mismatch strategies. The paper shows that while all the mentioned attributes of urban policy with respect to depopulation may be regarded as negative, considering the gigantic scale of the unemployment and depopulation phenomena and lack of experience in urban governance, they were a 'natural' reaction of the local authorities to the accumulated problems. It also indicates that in the studied region issues such as strongly marked morphological polycentricity and its (post)mining and (post)industrial nature were also not without significance.

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“…This decision is supported by the fact that in Poland (as well as in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe), changes in areas, such as the demographic structure, occurred exceptionally quickly after the collapse of the com-Engineering Management in Production and Services munist system (Kurek et al, 2020). A dominating reason for selecting Poland for the analysis was the rapid change in views from the post-socialist belief that urban planning is contrary to the market to the adoption of the idea of a free market (Slach et al, 2019).…”

Section: Functional Urban Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing and branding-oriented goals for the development of Functional Urban Areas: evidence from Poland

Matwiejczyk

Glińska

Barkun

2020

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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The European Union currently uses Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) as basic units for planning local development activities under its financial support. An important issue in terms of managing such areas is branding. FUAs are made of at least several territorial units (covering a dense urban area and a functionally related urbanised zone). Such composition poses a particular challenge in terms of developing a brand that covers all of the units. Therefore, it is essential to select the core around which the target image will be created. This publication aims to identify marketing and branding goals for the development of FUAs and determine activities facilitating the achievement of these goals by entities that manage the functional areas. The research method used in the article was a content analysis of documents outlined as Strategies for Integrated Territorial Investments developed for FUAs in Poland. The authors of the article undertook preliminary exploratory research. The obtained results show that most of the marketing and branding goals for the development of FUAs correspond with the objectives specific to city marketing and branding. Moreover, “integration” and “strengthening the metropolitan area function” were recognised as goals specific to FUAs.

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Urban Shrinkage and Sustainability: Assessing the Nexus between Population Density, Urban Structures and Urban Sustainability

Cited by 40 publications

References 100 publications

Spatial Patterns of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services in Cities of Various Sizes, Morphologies and Economies

Spatial Patterns of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services in Cities of Various Sizes, Morphologies and Economies

Does urban shrinkage require urban policy? The case of a post-industrial region in Poland

Marketing and branding-oriented goals for the development of Functional Urban Areas: evidence from Poland

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