Urban–Rural Disparities in the Magnitude and Determinants of Stunting among Children under Five in Tanzania: Based on Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys 1991–2016

Zhu, Wenjun; Zhu, Si; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Huang, Jiayan

doi:10.3390/ijerph18105184

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A child from a lower-educated mother suffers more from stunting than a child of a higher-educated mother. These findings are in agreement with results from previous studies [ 35 , 36 , 38 , 43 , 49 , 50 ]. Educated mothers could have a better understanding of child nutrition, proper child care, hygiene, uptake of health services and they are more likely to seek expert opinion on child well-being and development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Inequalities in the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding among African children

et al. 2022

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Background Childhood stunting and anemia are on the increase in many resource-constrained settings, without a counter increase in proper feeding practices such as exclusive breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding across African countries. Methods Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 39 African countries was analyzed. Data from under 5 children were analyzed. Forest plot was used to determine inequalities in the prevalence of the outcome variables. Results The prevalence of stunting was highest in Burundi (56%), Madagascar (50%) and Niger (44%). In addition, Burkina Faso (88%), Mali (82%), Cote d’Ivoire and Guinea (75% each) and Niger (73%) had the highest prevalence of anemia. Furthermore, Burundi (83%), Rwanda (81%) and Zambia (70%) had the highest exclusive breastfeeding. We found statistical significant difference in the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.001). Higher prevalence of stunting and anemia were estimated among the male, rural residents, those having mothers with low education and from poor household wealth. Conclusion Concerted efforts are required to improve childhood health, survival and proper feeding practice. Reduced stunting and anemia could be achieved through sustained socioeconomic improvement that is shared in equity and equality among the population. Interventions aimed at increasing food availability can also aid in the reduction of hunger, particularly in impoverished communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Inequalities in the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding among African children

et al. 2022

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“…This has also been observed in several other studies. 43 - 45 In all these studies, these differences were attributed to nutrition adequacy and availability of healthcare services. In our study, these differences can partly be attributed to socio-economic differences in rural and urban areas in Sierra Leone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural and Urban Correlates of Stunting Among Under-Five Children in Sierra Leone: A 2019 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Sserwanja¹,

Kamara

Mutisya

et al. 2021

Nutr Metab Insights

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Background: Undernutrition accounts for at least 50% of the annual global under-five mortality burden. Although disparities in the childhood stunting between urban and rural areas in Sierra Leone have been documented, information on factors associated with these differences is lacking. We aimed to determine rural-urban correlates of stunting among children under the age of 5 in Sierra Leone. Methods: We analyzed data from 2019 Sierra Leone demographic and health survey (SLDHS) focusing on under-five children. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to examine rural-urban factors associated with childhood stunting. Results: Prevalence of stunting was 31.6% (95% CI 29.8-33.2) in rural areas and 24.0% (95% CI 21.6-26.1) in urban areas. Within the rural areas, children of stunted mothers (aOR = 2.37; 95% CI 1.07-5.24, P < .05), younger mothers aged 15 to 19 years (aOR = 2.08; 95% CI 1.17-3.69, P < .05), uneducated mothers (aOR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.28-2.71, P < .01), as well as older children (24-59 months) (aOR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.48-2.27, P < .001), and boys (aOR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.12-1.66, P < .01) were more likely to be stunted compared to those of non-stunted, older, post-primary education mothers and those who were less than 24 months and girls respectively. While urban children whose fathers had lower education (aOR = 1.94; 95% CI 1.10-3.42, P < .05), whose mothers were more parous (para 2-4) (aOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.03-2.95, P < .05), and boys (aOR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.06-2.08, P < .05) were more likely to be stunted compared to their counterparts with fathers that had tertiary education, mothers of low parity and girls, respectively. Conclusions: Stunting is more prevalent in the rural areas compared to the urban areas. Sex of the child was the only significant factor in both rural and urban areas. Our study findings suggest that programs designed to reduce stunting should aim for integrated yet context specific interventions in rural and urban areas.

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“…This perception is at risk of parental behavior in preparing children's food diets and has the opportunity to have a bad Z score. This result has been previously reviewed by Abdulahi et al which describes one of the factors that influence the regulation of eating culture in children is the parent's perception of the composition of food, while especially in ethnic and urban community groups [5], [9], [34], [35].…”

Section: This Opinion Has Similarities With Research Conducted By De ...mentioning

confidence: 83%

Analysis of Factors that affect Events and Interventions of Stunting through the E-Stunting Android Application

Masita¹,

Amalia²,

Rahayu³

et al. 2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Background: Based on the Indonesian Toddler Nutrition Status Survey in 2021, it was found that the stunting rate in Indonesia reached 24.4%, which means there were 5.33 million indicated stunting. Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect the causative factors and effectiveness of stunting interventions in the E stunting application. Methods: The type of the research is quantitative analytic with cross sectional approach using double linear regression analytic test with p = 0.05. The difference test used an unpaired sample test analytic by looking at the difference in mean in the control and treatment groups. The population uses totality sampling with the rule of thumb technique. This research instrument uses a minimum diet diversity questionnaire, diet diversity, parenting model, as well as a questionnaire with a Likert scale and has been through validity and reliability tests. Results: The results of the determinant coefficient test have a relationship between the independent and dependent variables, while Adjusted R2 = 0.803 which means 80.3% of all variables affect the z score in children, while the difference test result obtained a result of sig 2 tailed = 0.001 and the value of Sig Levene's test for equality variance of 0.44 > 0.001 Conclusion: There is an effect of frequency of eating, number of types of food, eating culture, history of breastfeeding, complementary feeding, perception, knowledge of the z score (stunting events). And E stunting is effective in assessing the causative factors and treatment in cases of infants with stunting

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Urban–Rural Disparities in the Magnitude and Determinants of Stunting among Children under Five in Tanzania: Based on Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys 1991–2016

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Inequalities in the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding among African children

Inequalities in the prevalence of stunting, anemia and exclusive breastfeeding among African children

Rural and Urban Correlates of Stunting Among Under-Five Children in Sierra Leone: A 2019 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Analysis of Factors that affect Events and Interventions of Stunting through the E-Stunting Android Application

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