Urban revival in America

Couture, Victor; Handbury, Jessie

doi:10.1016/j.jue.2020.103267

Cited by 161 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Furthermore, these relationships are substantively and significantly stronger for high-income Our results do not suggest that crime is the only factor driving the shift in location choices. Recent work by Couture and Handbury (2016) and Baum-Snow and Hartley (2016) finds evidence that the growing preferences of young, college-educated households for urban amenities is driving much of the increase in moves by this group into areas very close to the CBD from 2000 to 2010. However, we do not believe this shift in preferences fully explains our results, and in fact reduced crime might contribute to shifting preferences as people are better able to enjoy urban amenities when violence levels fall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many theories have since been offered to explain urban resurgence, such as an aging housing stock that is ripe for renovation (Brueckner and Rosenthal, 2009), increasing importance of knowledge in the economy leading to a growth in employment in central cities (Glaeser and Gottlieb, 2006;Baum-Snow and Hartley, 2015;Couture and Handbury, 2016), increasing preferences for urban amenities (Glaeser, Kolko and Saiz, 2001;Glaeser and Gottlieb, 2006;Couture and Handbury, 2016;Baum-Snow and Hartley, 2015), declining leisure time among higher income workers (Edlund et al, 2015), and lastly reductions in crime (Ellen and O'Regan, 2010;Glaeser and Gottlieb, 2006). 3 Our analysis centers on this last hypothesis.…”

Section: Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To motivate our analysis of residential choices, we rely on a simple monocentric model with urban amenities, drawing on the theoretical framework presented in Brueckner et al (1999), O'Sullivan (2005) and Couture and Handbury (2016). We consider each metropolitan area as containing two areas, the central city and the suburbs.…”

Section: Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Has falling crime invited gentrification?

Ellen

Horn

Reed

2019

Journal of Housing Economics

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Over the past two decades, crime has fallen dramatically in cities in the United States. We explore whether, in the face of falling central city crime rates, households with more resources and options were more likely to move into central cities overall and more particularly into low income and/or majority minority central city neighborhoods. We use confidential, geocoded versions of the 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census and the 2010, 2011, and 2012 American Community Survey to track moves to different neighborhoods in 244 Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) and their largest central cities. Our dataset includes over four million household moves across the three time periods. We focus on three household types typically considered gentrifiers: high-income, collegeeducated, and white households. We find that declines in city crime are associated with increases in the probability that high income and college-educated households choose to move into central city neighborhoods, including low-income and majority minority central city neighborhoods. Moreover, we find little evidence that households with lower incomes and without college degrees are more likely to move to cities when violent crime falls. These results hold during the 1990s as well as the 2000s and for the 100 largest metropolitan areas, where crime declines were greatest. There is weaker evidence that white households are disproportionately drawn to cities as crime falls in the 100 largest metropolitan areas from 2000 to 2010.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Has falling crime invited gentrification?

Ellen

Horn

Reed

2019

Journal of Housing Economics

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“…Since the 2000 Census, one of the more noticeable changes in the geographic distribution of the U.S. population is what scholars have called the "urban revival" or the "back to the city" movement and its correlate the "suburbanization of poverty" (Couture and Handbury 2016;Florida 2010Florida , 2016Kneebone and Garr 2010). 5 In the United States, between the 2000 and 2010 Census, the number of impoverished people living in the suburbs exceeded the number living in the inner city.…”

Section: Back To the City/suburbanization Of Povertymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inequality of Mundane Environmental Change: Assessing the Impacts of Socioeconomic Status and Race on Neighborhood Land Development, 2001–2011

Clement

Alvarez

2019

Sociological Perspectives

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Theoretical frameworks in environmental inequality suggest that affluent, white, and educated communities have a greater ability to control local environmental change. With a focus on neighborhood-level land development, the authors evaluate this proposition considering the spatial shifts that are reshaping metropolitan areas across the United States at the beginning of the twenty-first century. With coverage for 52,473 metropolitan census tracts, the authors integrate sociodemographic variables from governmental sources with longitudinal data on developed land area from the National Land Cover Database, 2001–2011. Controlling for a host of other factors, results from spatial regression models with fixed effects show that new land development is negatively associated with affluence and educational attainment. Situating the notion of environmental privilege in a historical context, we propose that, with the “back to the city” movement, these groups are moving back into the urban core, which is already relatively built-out and thus has a lower rate of new land development.

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“…A decade later it was clear that resurgent cities were a robust worldwide phenomenon, although much of the evidence still originated from Europe, see for instance the special issue of Urban Studies introduced by Cheshire (2006). Baum-Snow & Hartley (2016) and Couture & Handbury (2016) have recently provided extensive documentation of it for U.S. cities. An interesting and important aspect of the popularity of central city neighborhoods among such households is the impact their presence has on the attractiveness of these neighborhoods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentrification through the sale of rental housing? Evidence from Amsterdam

Rouwendal

Keus

Dekkers

2018

Journal of Housing Economics

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This paper analyzes the impact of the sale of rental housing in Amsterdam on the local housing market. This increases the supply of owner-occupied housing, but can also contribute to gentrification associated with the inflow of different household groups. Earlier literature focused on the former effect and reported a negative price effect. We take a fresh look at the issue by considering the sale of private as well as social rental housing, allow for differing time trends within the municipality, controlling for area fixed effects, distinguishing between short and longterm impacts and addressing endogeneity of the sale of rental housing. The main finding is a robust gentrifying effect of the sale of private rental housing in the core area of Amsterdam.

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Urban revival in America

Cited by 161 publications

References 28 publications

Has falling crime invited gentrification?

Has falling crime invited gentrification?

The Inequality of Mundane Environmental Change: Assessing the Impacts of Socioeconomic Status and Race on Neighborhood Land Development, 2001–2011

Gentrification through the sale of rental housing? Evidence from Amsterdam

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