Urban Plant Diversity in Relation to Land Use Types in Built-up Areas of Beijing

Guo, Peipei; Su, Yuebo; Wan, Wuxing; Liu, Weiwei; Zhang, Hongxing; Sun, Xingming; Ouyang, Zhiyun; Wang, Xiaoke

doi:10.1007/s11769-018-0934-x

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Our research of ruderals in Beijing’s built-up areas was based on the tessellation–randomized plot method [19,27]. The eight primary LUTs were defined as institutional, residential, commercial, community park, municipal park, woodlot, roadside, and riverside.…”

Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management

Guo

Ren

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Anthropogenic activities have weakened the invasion of ruderals and increased the number of non-native species in urban areas. Ruderals are an important component of urban plant diversity and are of great significance to the sustainable development of urban green space. We used the tessellation–randomized plot method to examine the composition and biodiversity of ruderal species among urban land use types (LUTs) in the built-up areas of Beijing. Soil samples from the surface to a depth of 10 cm were taken from each site to examine the impact of soil characteristics on ruderal species diversity. Results showed that a total of 120 ruderal species were observed, including 71 native and 49 non-native species. Among them, 90% were identified as Cosmopolitan. Native species accounted for the majority of ruderals across all the eight LUTs. Institutional, residential, and woodlot areas with coarser management had higher ruderal species richness than did commercial areas and roadside lawns. Allergenic species showed the highest proportions in municipal parks, and invasive species accounted for 20% of all ruderal species. Ruderal species diversity was related to distance from the urban center, pruning intensity, and soil characteristics. These results suggest that with ruderals playing an important role in urban grass species diversity, there is tremendous potential for more native species in Beijing lawns, which would contribute substantially to increasing the ecological system’s functional benefits. Ruderal species accustomed to the causal processes and environmental conditions of different LUTs should be used and conserved properly to improve the harsh conditions of different LUTs and to sustain ecosystem health.

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Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management

Guo

Ren

et al. 2018

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“…In the 12 neighborhoods, we recorded 218 species (Appendix A Table A1) belonging to 153 genera and 68 families. The most common plant species belonged to Rosaceae (including 27 species), followed by Asteraceae (24), Oleaceae (11), and Poaceae (10). The genera with the highest number of species were Prunus, followed by Populus, Malus, and Viola.…”

Section: Differences In Plant Diversity Between Neighborhoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant diversity as a fundamental element of green spaces determines the ecosystem functions and services that can be derived directly by residents. Green spaces in neighborhoods host a substantial level of plant diversity, especially for the native species that contributed 52.4% of the total number of tree species of neighborhoods in Beijing, China [9,10]. In addition, green spaces in neighborhoods often have a higher percentage of native species than those in other land-use types, such as roadsides, institutional areas, community parks, and commercial areas [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Green spaces in neighborhoods host a substantial level of plant diversity, especially for the native species that contributed 52.4% of the total number of tree species of neighborhoods in Beijing, China [9,10]. In addition, green spaces in neighborhoods often have a higher percentage of native species than those in other land-use types, such as roadsides, institutional areas, community parks, and commercial areas [10]. However, alien species, such as Buchloe dactyloides native to America, have invaded the green spaces in neighborhoods in Beijing [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Heterogeneity of Plant Diversity within and between Neighborhoods and Its Implications for a Plant Diversity Survey in Urban Areas

Gong

Cui

et al. 2021

Forests

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The spatial heterogeneity of plant diversity at the neighborhood scale has less been understood, although it is very important for the planning and management of neighborhood landscape. In this case study of Beijing, we conducted intensive investigations of the plant diversity in different neighborhoods along a rural–urban gradient. The results showed that the mean numbers of plant species per neighborhood were 30.5 for trees, 18.8 for shrubs, and 31.9 for herbs, respectively. There were significant logarithmic relationships between the numbers of species and patch area, indicating that larger patches within neighborhoods could harbor more plant species. Hierarchical linear modeling showed that the variations in plant diversity within neighborhoods were higher than those between neighborhoods. The number of species increased logistically with both the number of patches within neighborhoods and the number of neighborhoods, suggesting that it is important to sample a sufficient number of patches within neighborhoods, as well as a sufficient number of neighborhoods in order to sample 90% of the plant species during the investigation of plant diversity in urban neighborhoods. So the hierarchical design of sampling should be recommended for investigating plant diversity in urban areas.

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“…We selected Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) for this study because: (1) it is a native species of China and has been planted for a 100 years in Beijing, China; (2) it is one of the top five evergreen tree species in Beijing in terms of number of individuals and ecological importance, such as forest regeneration, carbon storage, and aesthetic value (Wang et al, 2014); (3) it is distributed widely across various land-use types along the urban-rural gradient in Beijing, China (Zhao, 2010;Guo et al, 2018); and (4) its leaf traits have been widely studied and show significant variations (Wang et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2016). We selected eight leaf functional traits-five morphological traits: stomatal density, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, and specific leaf area (SLA); and three physiological traits: leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations-based on three considerations: (1) They play key roles in plant adaptation to environmental changes that accompany urban-rural gradients (Woodward and Kelly, 1995;Reich and Oleksyn, 2004;Wright et al, 2004;Barwise and Kumar, 2020); (2) they are related closely to plant resource utilization strategies, growth, and production (Wright et al, 2004;Garnier and Navas, 2012); and (3) they are simple to measure (Cornelissen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Functional Traits Vary in Urban Environments: Influences of Leaf Age, Land-Use Type, and Urban–Rural Gradient

Cui

Luo

et al. 2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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An increasing number of studies have focused on the response and adaptation of plants to urbanization by comparing differences in leaf functional traits between urban and rural sites. However, considerable uncertainties remain because differences in land-use type have not frequently been taken into account when assessing the effect of urbanization on leaf traits. In this study, we sampled the needles of Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) in areas with three land-use types (roadsides, parks, and neighborhoods) along an urban–rural gradient in Beijing, China to determine the effect of urbanization on leaf functional traits. There were significant differences in the values of leaf functional traits between the needles of the current and previous year and across land-use types. Pines growing on roadsides had leaves with smaller length, width, and area, as well as lower stomatal density, compared with those growing in parks and neighborhoods. This implies that on roadsides, plant capacity to acquire resources (e.g., light and carbon dioxide) was degraded. Stomatal density, leaf width, and leaf P concentration increased with increasing distance from the city center, while leaf K concentration decreased with increasing distance from the city center. Importantly, there were significant differences in the urban–rural gradient of leaf functional traits between leaves of different ages, and across land-use types. Leaf age was the most important factor influencing leaf nutrient traits, while land-use type was the most important factor influencing leaf morphological traits in urban environments. Thus, considering the effects of the plant characteristic and land-use type on traits is important for assessing the urban–rural gradients of plant functional traits.

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Urban Plant Diversity in Relation to Land Use Types in Built-up Areas of Beijing

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management

Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management

Spatial Heterogeneity of Plant Diversity within and between Neighborhoods and Its Implications for a Plant Diversity Survey in Urban Areas

Leaf Functional Traits Vary in Urban Environments: Influences of Leaf Age, Land-Use Type, and Urban–Rural Gradient

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