Urban Multimodal Travel Behaviour: Towards Mobility without a Private Car

Schuppan, Julia; Kettner, Stefanie; Delatte, Aline; Schwedes, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2014.11.042

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Personal mobility has always been a desire for humans. For over 100 years, the dominant mode of transportation has been the human-driven private car [1,2]. After the slow progress of recent decades, mobility is now evolving rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Autonomous Transportation. Passengers’ Experiences, Perceptions and Feelings in a Driverless Shuttle Bus in Finland

2019

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Autonomous vehicles, electrification, and ride-sharing appear to be the next big change in the field of mobility. It can lead to safer roads, less congestion, and reduced parking. In this research, we focus on real-life user experiences of a driverless shuttle bus. We are interested to know what kind of perceptions and feelings people have when they travel in an autonomous shuttle bus. Therefore, we apply Harry Triandis´ Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour (TIB), which recognizes that human behavior is not always rational. Human behaviour, and its change, is linked to the intention, the habitual responses, and the situational constraints and conditions. The qualitative data (n = 44) were collected in 2017 by semi-structured interviews in Espoo, Finland. The interviewees were passengers who travelled a predefined route in a driverless shuttle bus. We applied inductive content analysis. The findings were compared in the theoretical framework of TIB. According to the results, a lack of human driver was not a problem for the passengers. They were surprised how safe and secure they felt in the autonomous vehicle. More specifically, passengers´ perceptions were similar to when travelling by a metro or a tram, where a passenger rarely interacts with the driver, or even witnesses the existence of the driver. However, the results suggest that people are much more intolerant of accidents caused by autonomous vehicles than by humans. On a general level, positive attitudes towards autonomous vehicles can be supported by giving people possibilities to try autonomous vehicles in a safe, real-life environment. The decision whether to use a driverless shuttle bus or not correlates highly with the contextual factors. Route and flexibility are the most important reasons for behavioral changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Autonomous Transportation. Passengers’ Experiences, Perceptions and Feelings in a Driverless Shuttle Bus in Finland

2019

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“…The next study in a form of semi-structured Sustainability 2019, 11, 4095 5 of 21 interviews among 60 participants in Germany showed the growing dominance of multimodal mobility and the declining role of private cars in everyday mobility in dense urban areas. This shows a potential for alternative mobility solutions including car-sharing models [55].…”

Section: Autonomous Vehicles (Av) and Their Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Living Lab as an Ecosystem for Development, Demonstration and Assessment of Autonomous Mobility Solutions

Pucihar

Zajc²,

Sernec

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Autonomous vehicles (AV) have the potential to disrupt the entire transport industry. AV may bring many opportunities as for example reduction of road accidents, less congestion on the roads, and a lower number of vehicles that are better utilized. Full AV also brings new social element as they enable mobility for all. In addition, the use of digital technologies in combination with AV introduces new business models in transportation, where the lines between car ownership, rental, and lease modes are more and more blurred. To explore the potential of AV in a smart city context, the AV Living Lab was created on the premises of BTC City in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in 2017. The AV Living lab was created to test and to learn about real-life solutions for implementation of AV. The underlying concept is BTC City as a Living lab innovation ecosystem, where the latest advanced technologies, business models, and services are tested with real users, real cars, on real roads over the real interactions in a cross-industry environment. In this paper, we describe the AV Living Lab concept and provide details of a specific use case-a large-scale pilot demonstration of AV and future mobility solutions. During the event, users participated in a survey and expressed their attitudes towards autonomous mobility. The results offer the first insights into the readiness of citizens for AV implementation and directs future actions needed for faster adoption of AV and future mobility solutions.Sustainability 2019, 11, 4095 2 of 21 AV by 2030. By the 2030, over 95% of new car sales are expected to be at least partially electrified and 55% fully electrified [15]. Automaker and technology giants are making huge investments in self-driving initiatives. AV have different levels of automation and there are multiple definitions for them. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) provides classification that defines five levels of automation. The cars are fully autonomous when they reach Level 5 (full automation) [16]. In Europe, vehicles are currently classified predominantly as Level 0 or Level 1, with only rare exceptions of Level 2 (Mercedes E-Class) and Level 3 (Audi A8). It is predicted that in 2030, the majority of vehicles will be classified as Level 2 and Level 4 [15].Despite fast technological development, which drives innovation in the field of AV, user acceptance of automated and autonomous mobility solutions will play a significant role in transportation transformation in the future. Several studies investigated different factors influencing user acceptance of AV from different perspectives [2,4,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, only a few studies have assessed the user perception of AV after the real life experiences [25,27]. Existing surveys [2,20,21,28] show positive attitudes towards AV. However, (potential) users have exposed also different concerns, primarily related to safety, cybersecurity and availability (high costs).Self-driving cars are considered as disruptive innovation and as such fit the idea of Schu...

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“…In order to achieve higher quality and satisfaction, the focus should be on how to satisfy the traveller's needs. Previous studies have shown that some of the most important requirements are: ability to buy tickets and be able to integrate different ticket systems, real-time information, and information on the entire route including transfers and personal information [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Barriers and Facilitatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Customised service can provide users with additional support for choosing multimodal transports [37]. Personal travel information is also expected to lead to a reduction in car journeys [44].…”

Section: Barriers and Facilitatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating a Mobility Service Application for Business Travel: Lessons Learnt from a Demonstration Project

et al. 2020

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Business travel contributes to significant greenhouse gas emissions, and there is a need for measures that reduce the demand for trips made with energy-intensive means of transport. In this study, a mobility service application (MSA) introduced in 13 Swedish organisations was tested and evaluated to facilitate booking and handling of business trips, in particular public transport. A before and after study consisting of surveys and interviews with employees at the organisations were conducted. The results show that the MSA was mostly used for regional and local public transport trips, and the users stated that the MSA made it easier to travel by public transport, although this particular result should be seen as tentative due to the small sample size. Three factors that influence the success of a new MSA as a means to increase sustainable business trips were identified: management control and proactiveness; perceived improvement of intervention; functions and technical sufficiency. The results also highlight the need to establish organisational conditions that facilitate sustainable business travel, such as coherent travel policy, accessibility to sustainable modes of transport, and a culture that encourages environmentally friendly behaviour. The study suggests improvements that can be made to similar interventions and strategies that can be introduced to promote sustainable business travel.

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Urban Multimodal Travel Behaviour: Towards Mobility without a Private Car

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Towards Autonomous Transportation. Passengers’ Experiences, Perceptions and Feelings in a Driverless Shuttle Bus in Finland

Towards Autonomous Transportation. Passengers’ Experiences, Perceptions and Feelings in a Driverless Shuttle Bus in Finland

Living Lab as an Ecosystem for Development, Demonstration and Assessment of Autonomous Mobility Solutions

Evaluating a Mobility Service Application for Business Travel: Lessons Learnt from a Demonstration Project

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