Urban Mosque in the Compact City of Kuala Lumpur: Suitability and Design Considerations

Abstract

The government expects the population in Greater Kuala Lumpur will grow up to 10,000,000 by 2020 under the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP). The development of Malaysia is now guided by the national agenda and Vision 2020 that envisions Malaysia as a fully developed country economically, socially, politically and spiritually. Religious facility requirement for Vision 2020 states 309 new mosques have to be established to fulfill the need of the growing population. While the land constraints remain for the city of Kuala Lumpur, the necessity of the ever increasing population cannot be overlooked. This necessitates developing an innovative tool which can provide a layout for maximizing the space use within the limited boundary. This paper studies the current space use patterns and formulates design framework for the mosque as a community center in the urban fabric of Kuala Lumpur. The research method is a combination of a qualitative and quantitative approach. The sample consisted of mosques in Kuala Lumpur, and data collection technique was semi-structured interview and observation. Effective and efficient community development functions are expected from the Institution of the mosque as a community center which can enhance not only to serve and strengthen the relationship of the Muslim community but also strengthen the ties of Malaysia's multiracial society as a whole.

The Difference of the Surrounding Environment's Function Complexity on the Formation of Environmental Sound Character

“…According to observations, the Great Mosque of Surakarta has become the centre of urban interaction. Architecturally, this is a unique urban spatial structure that develops based on socio-economic influences, technological developments, and the needs that arise from the population and the environment (21). Figure 2 shows the Great Mosque of Surakarta's existing condition within a radius of 300 meters, where commercial function buildings surround the Grand Mosque.…”

Five Accessibility Challenges in Access Auditing Mosque Designs

“…Issues in modern mosque design are listed as follows; (i) the architectural identity; (ii) conceptual form and structure; (iii) the position and location of mosques; (iv) the use and function of space planning; (v) the safety and security of mosque spaces; (vi) the administration and economy; (vii) the congregation and users especially concerning women, children, PwDs, and elderly (Nangkula, Hafsah et al, 2015). Asif, Utaberta et al (2019) has described, the potential of urban mosques in compact city, that is to adapt with its surrounding environment, considers lifestyle changes, innovative use of space, optimizing and expanding functionality by maintaining aesthetic of the original structure; regardless of activity pattern, space usage, and functional efficiency. Asiah and Nur Amirah (2014) conveyed that a provision of suggesting an accessible route for existing mosque could keep the cost of renovation to a minimum, where refurbishment categorized by essential areas that are highly accessible, examples of the parking area, entrance, prayer hall, toilets, and ablution areas as well as wayfinding.…”

Association Between Thermal Comfort Condition and Worshippers’ Satisfaction in Timber and Concrete of Suburban Religious Buildings

“…The mosque should provide an acceptable level of thermal comfort in order to seek serenity and focus during worship. In addition, a mosque should consider the importance of balancing an environmentally friendly surrounding, intelligent use of space, use of technology and modern materials to maximize the potential of the structure to be used in the best possible way (Asif et al, 2019). The variation in the building's design must consider the climate of the country, especially in the hot and humid areas to make sure the occupants are satisfied with the thermal comfort environment in the building.…”