Urban metabolism and river systems: an historical perspective – Paris and the Seine, 1790–1970

Barles, Sabine

doi:10.5194/hess-11-1757-2007

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An example of environmental urban selective pressure is an increase in flooding leading to the urban adaptations of levees, stormwater management, and improved land use planning. Examples of societal urban selective pressures are human choices for convenient water supply and improved sanitation leading to the urban adaptations of centralized potable water and sewer systems [11]. In some cases, urban selective pressures can optimize urban adaptations where "the best infrastructure and management survive the longest."…”

Section: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Related Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrial City: The Industrial City was characterized by expanding commerce and built infrastructure, where production of commodities took place primarily in factories, and point and nonpoint source pollution to urban waters was dominated by manufacturing and industrial processes [11][12][13].…”

Section: Socioecological Related Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dominant form of pollution to urban waterways in industrial cities was from industrial discharges [12]. In the Industrial City, there were no centralized sewer systems and human waste was typically either recycled to nearby agricultural fields and/or directly added to cesspools with no treatment [11]. The expansion of centralized sewers and drinking water infrastructure in the Sanitary City followed a growth and expansion transition (Figure 4).…”

Section: Sewage Flows: An Evolving Urban Excretory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over recorded history, water has driven evolution of the structure, function, and services of cities [6,7,11,12]. For example, most industrial cities were originally located near water for transportation, power, and trade [11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, most industrial cities were originally located near water for transportation, power, and trade [11,13]. The "Industrial City" was characterized by factories where production of commodities primarily took place, and point and nonpoint source pollution to urban waters was dominated by manufacturing and industrial processes [11][12][13]. Later, a transition in the structure, function, and services from the Industrial City to the "Sanitary City" was driven by the need for clean drinking water and centralized sewage infrastructure [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Urban Evolution: The Role of Water

Kaushal

McDowell

Wollheim

et al. 2015

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The structure, function, and services of urban ecosystems evolve over time scales from seconds to centuries as Earth's population grows, infrastructure ages, and sociopolitical values alter them. In order to systematically study changes over time, the concept of "urban evolution" was proposed. It allows urban planning, management, and restoration to move beyond reactive management to predictive management based on past observations of consistent patterns. Here, we define and review a glossary of core concepts for studying urban evolution, which includes the mechanisms of urban selective pressure and urban adaptation. Urban selective pressure is an environmental or societal driver contributing to urban adaptation. Urban adaptation is the sequential process by which an urban structure, function, or services becomes more fitted to its changing environment or human choices. The role of water is vital to driving urban evolution as demonstrated by historical changes in drainage, sewage flows, hydrologic pulses, and long-term chemistry. In the current paper, we show how hydrologic traits evolve across successive generations of urban ecosystems OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 4064 via shifts in selective pressures and adaptations over time. We explore multiple empirical examples including evolving: (1) urban drainage from stream burial to stormwater management; (2) sewage flows and water quality in response to wastewater treatment; (3) amplification of hydrologic pulses due to the interaction between urbanization and climate variability; and (4) salinization and alkalinization of fresh water due to human inputs and accelerated weathering. Finally, we propose a new conceptual model for the evolution of urban waters from the Industrial Revolution to the present day based on empirical trends and historical information. Ultimately, we propose that water itself is a critical driver of urban evolution that forces urban adaptation, which transforms the structure, function, and services of urban landscapes, waterways, and civilizations over time.

show abstract

Section: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Related Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioecological Related Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sewage Flows: An Evolving Urban Excretory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Urban Evolution: The Role of Water

Kaushal

McDowell

Wollheim

et al. 2015

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes from watersheds of the northeast U.S. from 1930 to 2000: Role of anthropogenic nutrient inputs, infrastructure, and runoff

Hale

Grimm

Vörösmarty

et al. 2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An ongoing challenge for society is to harness the benefits of nutrients, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), while minimizing their negative effects on ecosystems. While there is a good understanding of the mechanisms of nutrient delivery at small scales, it is unknown how nutrient transport and processing scale up to larger watersheds and whole regions over long time periods. We used a model that incorporates nutrient inputs to watersheds, hydrology, and infrastructure (sewers, wastewater treatment plants, and reservoirs) to reconstruct historic nutrient yields for the northeastern U.S. from 1930 to 2002. Over the study period, yields of nutrients increased significantly from some watersheds and decreased in others. As a result, at the regional scale, the total yield of N and P from the region did not change significantly. Temporal variation in regional N and P yields was correlated with runoff coefficient, but not with nutrient inputs. Spatial patterns of N and P yields were best predicted by nutrient inputs, but the correlation between inputs and yields across watersheds decreased over the study period. The effect of infrastructure on yields was minimal relative to the importance of soils and rivers. However, infrastructure appeared to alter the relationships between inputs and yields. The role of infrastructure changed over time and was important in creating spatial and temporal heterogeneity in nutrient input-yield relationships.

show abstract

Urbanization effects on the river systems in the bucharest city region (romania)

Zaharia

Ioana-Toroimac

Cocoş

et al. 2016

Ecosyst Health Sustain

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article identifies and analyzes the effects of human pressures on the river systems, landscape, flow regime, and water quality in the Bucharest region, the largest urbanized area in Romania. The analyses focused on four streams crossing the Bucharest region, namely the Dâmboviţa, Colentina, Argeş, and Sabar rivers. Our approach relied especially on three types of information: (1) spatial data; (2) hydrological data sets; and (3) water quality data. We made a diachronic analysis of the available maps and ran classic statistical analysis of the data sets, as well as trend analysis. At the same time, we compared the flows in natural (reconstituted) and modified (current) regimes. The results showed that the stream system and its associated landscapes have considerably changed due to several engineering works (reservoirs, dams, channelization works, diversion canals, water intakes, etc.). Under these circumstances, the flow regime suffered changes that differed among the rivers. Thus, the multiannual discharges of the Argeş and Dâmboviţa rivers did not exhibit significant changes, but only mitigated the monthly discharge variability. In the case of Sabar and Colentina, a significant increase of the annual and monthly discharges was identified, due to the water transferred from the neighboring rivers. Water quality worsened, especially on the lower courses of the Dâmboviţa and Argeş rivers, degrading the states and health of the aquatic ecosystems in the study region.

show abstract

Urban metabolism and river systems: an historical perspective – Paris and the Seine, 1790–1970

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Urban Evolution: The Role of Water

Urban Evolution: The Role of Water

Nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes from watersheds of the northeast U.S. from 1930 to 2000: Role of anthropogenic nutrient inputs, infrastructure, and runoff

Urbanization effects on the river systems in the bucharest city region (romania)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About