Urban infant mortality and religion at the end of the nineteenth and in the early twentieth century: the case of Ekaterinburg, Russia

Glavatskaya, Elena; Borovik, Julia; Thorvaldsen, Gunnar

doi:10.1080/1081602x.2017.1341845

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our analyses of IMR among the different religious communities in Ekaterinburg showed that religion did matter: Jews and Catholics, minorities with higher education and cultural background from the western parts of the Empire, did better with respect to infant mortality around the start of the 20th century. The Orthodox minority of Old Believers was in a middle position, but clearly did better than the Orthodox majority (Glavatskaya, Borovik, & Thorvaldsen, 2018).…”

Section: Infant and Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 87%

The Ural Population Project. Demography and Culture From Microdata in a European-Asian Border Region

Glavatskaya

Borovik

Thorvaldsen

2022

hlcs

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The Ural Population Project (URAPP) is built from individual level data transcriptions of 19th- to early 20th-century parish records and mid-19th-century census-like tax revisions manuscripts. This article discusses the source material, the contents, the history of creation and the strategy of the URAPP database and the outcome of the main research topics so far, including historical demography, Jewish studies, indigenous studies and studies of religious minorities in the Urals and Siberia. Our studies of the ethno-religious cultural landscape of the Urals and northwestern Siberia as well as participation in population history projects was more vital backgrounds than the traditional focus on aggregates. The over 65,000 vital events transcribed from parish records of Russian Orthodox Churches and minority religions in and around Ekaterinburg have been the basis for studies of mortality, nuptiality, religion and other characteristics. We found that the Jewish population kept their traditions and connections with relatives in the Pale of Settlement. Prisoners of WWI usually marrying within their own religious group. Infant mortality in Ekaterinburg was lower among Jews and the Catholics, minorities with higher education and western background, while the Orthodox majority exposed their newborn to extremely tough baptism. The burial records show cases of the Spanish flu in 1918–1919, but on a lower level than in the West, supporting recent theories that estimates of flu mortality may be too high. Based on the tax revisions, polygyny was officially recognized among the indigenous Siberian people. The strategy of the URAPP project has evolved from transcribing microdata about minorities towards covering the whole population.

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Section: Infant and Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 87%

The Ural Population Project. Demography and Culture From Microdata in a European-Asian Border Region

Glavatskaya

Borovik

Thorvaldsen

2022

hlcs

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“…Additionally, sex is variously associated with religiosity (Schnabel et al, 2018 ; Vardy et al, 2022 ; Walter & Davie, 1998 ) as are fertility and family size (Blume, 2009 ; Glavatskaya et al, 2018 ; Inglehart, 2020 ; Shaver et al, 2020 ). On evolutionary theoretical grounds, family size in particular has a complicated relationship with material insecurity (Lawson et al, 2012 ; Purzycki et al, 2018b ; Strassmann & Gillespie, 2002 ), but evidence points to a relationship nonetheless.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Material insecurity and religiosity: A causal analysis

Purzycki,

Bendixen

2024

Evolut. Hum. Sci.

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Some cultural evolutionary models predict that under stressful reductions of well-being, individuals will be more attracted and fastidiously adhere to traditional systems of norms that promote solidarity and cooperation. As religious systems can bolster human relationships with a variety of mechanisms, the material insecurity hypothesis of religion posits that individual religiosity will increase under conditions of material insecurity. The bulk of the literature up to this point has been correlational and cross-national. Here, across 14 field sites, we examine the causal role that educational attainment and food insecurity play in religiosity. We find that years of formal education and food insecurity do not consistently contribute to individual religiosity cross-culturally. We conclude with a discussion of some theoretical and methodological implications. As a general workflow for cross-cultural causal research in the quantitative social sciences, the present work is a modest but necessary first step in reliably estimating causation in the material insecurity hypothesis of religiosity.

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“…It is partly due to the internal heterogeneity of RSDs that we have chosen here to explore EDs as well as RSDs: the internal diversity of RSDs means that they are less likely than EDs to capture health effects that operate at relatively small scales. We examine both EDs 8 It has also been suggested that Jewish minorities still in Russia had low-infant mortality because they were relatively well educated (Glavatskaya 2018). 9 Another geographic unit identified in the census is parish.…”

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confidence: 99%

“… 8 It has also been suggested that Jewish minorities still in Russia had low-infant mortality because they were relatively well educated (Glavatskaya 2018). …”

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confidence: 99%

Fatal Places? Contextual Effects on Infant and Child Mortality in Early Twentieth Century England and Wales

et al. 2023

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This paper takes, as its starting point, Preston and Haines’ observation in Fatal Years that social class was the most important influence on infant and child mortality in England and Wales in the early twentieth century. A subsequent study suggested that this could in part be due to the spatial distribution of the different classes across different types of place, and that some of the mortality differences by social class might actually reflect the contextual effects of healthy and unhealthy places. Although this line of argument has received a considerable amount of attention in health geography literature, it has rarely been examined for a specific historic period, and then only within particular urban areas. In this paper, we apply multi-level models to a complete count individual-level dataset of the 1911 census of England and Wales, comparing influences on infant and child mortality at the level of the individual couple and for two spatial levels. We find that although most variation in infant and child mortality operates at the individual level, there is also important variation at the two spatial levels and part of the mortality differences between social classes is better explained by the areas in which people lived rather than by their social class. A consideration of independent variables at all three levels suggests that different spatial scales capture different sorts of influences on early age mortality.

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Urban infant mortality and religion at the end of the nineteenth and in the early twentieth century: the case of Ekaterinburg, Russia

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

The Ural Population Project. Demography and Culture From Microdata in a European-Asian Border Region

The Ural Population Project. Demography and Culture From Microdata in a European-Asian Border Region

Material insecurity and religiosity: A causal analysis

Fatal Places? Contextual Effects on Infant and Child Mortality in Early Twentieth Century England and Wales

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