Urban Heat Island Effect: It’s Relevance in Urban Planning

Bhargava, Akshey; Lakmini, S.A.D.D.; Bhargava, Swati

doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000187

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, low LST values were observed in the highly-dense areas due to the presence of surrounding thermal cooling surfaces of non-built-up areas such as water bodies, green spaces, shadows, and older roofs. Bhargava et al [5] investigated that the roof and pavement surfaces were hotter than the ambient air during the sunny summer day, while shaded or moist surfaces in rural surroundings remained close to air temperature. In the winter season, the LST values were distributed in a scattered manner along the trend line.…”

Section: Lst Impact Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wong and Yu [2] reported that the highest concentration of hard surfaces such as buildings, roads, impervious areas, and fewer open spaces are the reasons for increasing urban surface temperature. Apart from that, the important causes of the urban heat island effect include canyon geometry, thermal properties of materials, anthropogenic heat, the urban greenhouse effect, and evaporation [3][4][5]. Spatial growth denotes a tremendous increase in population and buildings in cities, which leads to the drastic reduction of vegetated areas while also leading to an increase of impervious areas [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remote sensing techniques provide data over large areas along with updated spatial information in a cost-effective way. This makes it easy to study the complex relationship between spatial parameters and thermal conditions [5,[9][10][11]. Remotely sensed data have been widely used in the field of urban planning especially for decision-making and monitoring environmental parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Effect of Spatial Growth on Land Surface Temperature in Dhaka

et al. 2020

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Spatial urban growth and its impact on land surface temperature (LST) is a high priority environmental issue for urban policy. Although the impact of horizontal spatial growth of cities on LST is well studied, the impact of the vertical spatial distribution of buildings on LST is under-investigated. This is particularly true for cities in sub-tropical developing countries. In this study, TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement (TanDEM-XDEM), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection (ASTER)-Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM), and ALOS World 3D-30m (AW3D30) based Digital Surface Model (DSM) data were used to investigate the vertical growth of the Dhaka Metropolitan Area (DMA) in Bangladesh. Thermal Infrared (TIR) data (10.6-11.2µm) of Landsat-8 were used to investigate the seasonal variations in LST. Thereafter, the impact of horizontal and vertical spatial growth on LST was studied. The result showed that: (a) TanDEM-X DSM derived building height had a higher accuracy as compared to other existing DSM that reveals mean building height of the Dhaka city is approximately 10 m, (b) built-up areas were estimated to cover approximately 94%, 88%, and 44% in Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC), Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC), and Fringe areas, respectively, of DMA using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method, (c) the built-up showed a strong relationship with LST (Kendall tau coefficient of 0.625 in summer and 0.483 in winter) in comparison to vertical growth (Kendall tau coefficient of 0.156 in the summer and 0.059 in the winter), and (d) the ‘low height-high density’ areas showed high LST in both seasons. This study suggests that vertical development is better than horizontal development for providing enough open spaces, green spaces, and preserving natural features. This study provides city planners with a better understating of sustainable urban planning and can promote the formulation of action plans for appropriate urban development policies.

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Section: Lst Impact Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Effect of Spatial Growth on Land Surface Temperature in Dhaka

et al. 2020

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“…The rapid urbanization process plays a key role in the heating phenomenon known as urban heat island (UHI) [1], involving both air and surface temperatures in different ways [2]. The UHI has effects on human comfort, air pollution, energy management, urban planning policy, and climate changes [3][4][5][6][7]. In fact, land surface temperature (LST) images retrieved from satellite sensor thermal observations, from which UHI maps are derived, supply a scientific support to assess if the urban development model is compliant with the environmental sustainability [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Surface Temperature and Urban Density: Multiyear Modeling and Relationship Analysis Using MODIS and Landsat Data

Bonafoni

Keeratikasikorn

2018

Remote Sensing

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This work aims to model and relate the urban density and land surface temperature (LST) by a straightforward and efficient approach. Although the urban density-LST relation is widely addressed in literature, this study allows for its modeling and parameterization in an accurate way, providing a further scientific support for the city planning policy. The urban density and the LST analysis is carried out in the Bangkok area for the years 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016; in this time interval, the city exhibited an evident urban expansion. Firstly, by using land cover maps obtained from Landsat reflective observations, the urban land density growth across the years studied is evaluated by applying a ring-based approach, a method employed in urban theory, providing urban density curves as a function of the distance from the city center. For each year, the urban density curve is well modeled by an inverse S-shape function, the parameters of which highlight an urban sprawl over the years studied and an outskirt growth in recent years. Then, employing 237 MODIS LST images, the night-time and daytime mean LST patterns for each year were processed applying the same ring-based analysis, obtaining LST trends versus distance. Albeit the mean LST decreases away from the city core, the daytime and night-time trends are different in both shape and values. The daytime LST exhibits a trend also modeled by an inverse S-shape function, whereas the night-time one is modeled by a quadratic function. Finally, the urban density-LST relationship is inferred across the years: For daytime, the relation is quadratic with a coefficient of determination r2 around 0.98–0.99, whereas for night-time the relation is linear with r2 of the order of 0.95–0.96. The proposed approach allows for reliable modeling and to straightforwardly infer a very accurate urban density-LST relationship.

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“…Typically, these consist of dark and dry surfaces such as tar-covered roofs and black asphalt parking lots, and these surfaces absorb solar heat [1]. On a sunny day, they can be as much as 50°C hotter than the air and then remain warm into the night, creating a phenomenon called an "urban heat island [2]." Night-time temperatures in paved urban and suburban areas can be more than 20°C higher than nonurban and vegetated areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Natural Weathering on the Performance of High Solar Reflective Index Paint Surfaces Exposed in Harsh Climatic Conditions of United Arab Emirates

Nutakki¹,

Wu²

2021

Preprint

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Solar reflective index (SRI) is one of the important parameters in the analysis of a building’s energetic and thermal performance, especially for “cool” reflective paints or coatings. However, there exists less information on the typical performance of the cool materials exposed for long term in the Middle East and more specifically in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, we determined values of reflectance, emittance, solar reflective index (SRI), and color difference, for three different high SRI white paints exposed naturally on low and high sloped racks for three years. After 3 years, reflectance values of exposed paint panels significantly decreased with an increased color difference in comparison with original unexposed paint surfaces. Emissivity of the paint changed very little for all of the exposed samples, but SRI, determined from both the reflectance and emittance, was reduced from between 95 and 110 to between 60 and 90 after three years. This appeared to be related to exposure to high temperatures, UV radiation, and adhesion of airborne contaminants in conjunction with low precipitation. Macroscopically, panels exposed on a low slope were the most discolored with the greatest presence of dust infusion and reduction in increase in surface temperatures which was demonstrated through thermal imaging. Such natural weathering research study is necessary for the development of standard exposure tests and determination of various control elements to increase the durability of cool materials in hot and arid climatic conditions of UAE.

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Urban Heat Island Effect: It’s Relevance in Urban Planning

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Monitoring Effect of Spatial Growth on Land Surface Temperature in Dhaka

Monitoring Effect of Spatial Growth on Land Surface Temperature in Dhaka

Land Surface Temperature and Urban Density: Multiyear Modeling and Relationship Analysis Using MODIS and Landsat Data

Effects of Natural Weathering on the Performance of High Solar Reflective Index Paint Surfaces Exposed in Harsh Climatic Conditions of United Arab Emirates

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