Urban Greenery a pathway to Environmental Sustainability in Sub Saharan Africa: A Case of Northern Nigeria Cities

Zakka, Solomon Dyachia; Permana, Ariva Sugandi; Majid, Mohammad Rafee; Danladi, Amos; Bako, Parah Emmanuel

doi:10.11113/ijbes.v4.n3.211

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Respondents A, A1, B, B1, C, and C1 claim that universities and many other businesses help create this deteriorating situation, yet the reality is that these universities are welcomed by those businesses, as suggested by respondents E, E1, G, H, I and J. The environmental sustainability crisis described in this present study is supported by other research [5,10,29,38,39]. The establishment of campuses by private universities in the residential areas is primarily possible for two important economic reasons.…”

Section: Correlation Between the Growth Of Private Universities And Sustainability Crisissupporting

confidence: 79%

“…A commonly used phrase is 'the more greenery, the more sustainability'. An arising heat index means that more congestion is occurring [38]. Conversely, an expanded night light intensity index means that commercial actions and activities will gradually ruin or fundamentally transform residential life.…”

Section: The City and University: Role For Sustainable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does GATS’ Influence on Private University Sector’s Growth Ensure ESD or Develop City ‘Sustainability Crisis’—Policy Framework to Respond COP21

et al. 2021

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The conventions and ratifications made by the United Nations (UN) have a long history. They were well respected for their ability to unite the world’s countries on some issues. The paradigm transformation of UN ratifications to combine both business models and social justice has received both positive and negative responses. While adherents argue that such a transformation is fundamental to boost economic development, opponents assert that the ‘so-called paradigm transformation’ has benefited the West by victimising the East, which has essentially complicated the global ‘sustainability crisis’. This also hinders executing the ESD (education for sustainable development) concept, especially in developing countries. The concept of ‘sustainable development’ is now the main agenda item of UN conventions. COP21 (United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2015, otherwise known as the 21st Conference of the Parties), is an example of the UN’s seriousness in addressing the ‘global sustainability crisis’. GATT and GATS are the international policies that are, respectively, the ‘causer’ and ‘developer’ of the private university sector in emerging market economies. Critics claim that this expanding sector generates an urban sustainability crisis. This study examined the effect of private universities’ expansion on urban sustainability, using a qualitative method for assessing primary and secondary data. The indices for night light intensity, heat and greenery served as the essential parameters to calculate the sustainability crisis. Results indicate that while the greenery index has fallen significantly, night light and heat indices have unexpectedly increased, which correlate with the development and expansion of the private university sector. To respond to COP21, a ‘carbon neutrality’ policy framework for the sector is suggested in an effort to control the sustainability crisis.

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Section: Correlation Between the Growth Of Private Universities And Sustainability Crisissupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: The City and University: Role For Sustainable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does GATS’ Influence on Private University Sector’s Growth Ensure ESD or Develop City ‘Sustainability Crisis’—Policy Framework to Respond COP21

et al. 2021

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“…This also addresses multi-functionality and the social inclusiveness principle, as most riverside residents can easily access the recreational parks along the rivers. Studies show that social inclusiveness enhances effective management of green infrastructure and promotes community stewardship for the green infrastructure components [11,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weak legal and regulatory framework in Sub-Saharan Africa is readily visible, leading to inadequate green space development and management in urban areas [11]. In the Ethiopian context, although there are policy and legal documents regarding urban green components, quantitative guidelines and standards do not exist [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Ethiopian context, although there are policy and legal documents regarding urban green components, quantitative guidelines and standards do not exist [9]. Legislations, guidelines, and standards have an important influence on the planning and implementation of green space components [11,12]. The current masterplan of Addis Ababa provides the framework to organize the city's spaces in an economically productive and environmentally healthy way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban Green Space Planning, Policy Implementation, and Challenges: The Case of Addis Ababa

2021

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Urban forestry and green spaces have less priority in urban planning. This research intends to assess the policy and planning of urban green spaces with their potential implementation status and challenges in planning and implementation. The general objective is to assess urban green space planning, policy, and implementation strategies and challenges encountered in Addis Ababa. The primary data was collected through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and field observation; secondary data from a literature review along with examining policy and masterplans of Addis Ababa has been used. The mapping of stakeholder and institutional arrangements is analyzed using stakeholders’ consultation. Triangulation is used for data validation and analysis. Existing policy and proclamations must be supported by legislative regulations and implementation frameworks that provide the basis for concrete action plans. The incentives stipulated by the forest policy are not implemented to the required level. The 10th masterplan of the city (2017–2027) shows that the city will increase its green area development and public recreation coverage to 30% by 2020. Principles, such as multi-functionality, connectivity, green-grey interaction, and social inclusiveness, are considered in the planning of the green space development in the 10th masterplan. The research concludes that regulations and directives are not clearly drafted by responsible bodies, and low enforcement is hardly applied with respect to the green space development of Addis Ababa.

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People’s perception and involvement in improving urban greenery in Benin (West Africa)

2023

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Urban sustainable development is a feat to achieve, particularly within African nations. Current patterns of urban expansion are creating multiple problems to urban greenery and quality of life. Assuming urban resident’s perception varies between and within cities, this paper claims to document resident’s perceptions on the existing greenery spaces, the prerogative for environmental safeguard, and the determinant of resident’s willingness for urban greenery improvement within the cities of Parakou and Porto-Novo in Benin. A semi-structured interview was randomly conducted with 400 people including residents and institution officers in each city. The data collected are related to socio-economic characteristics and the perception on urban greenery characteristics, urban greenery importance and urban greenery management and planning. The test χ2 was applied to understand the independence between cities and city boroughs. Correspondence analysis was also used to display some relationships and binary logistic regression to examine the variables that explain people’s willingness to get involved in improving urban greenery in each city. The results revealed that around 80% of existing urban greeneries are mostly located in the core of the town and the state of the density and diversity of these greenery areas were differently perceived in the districts of each city. The main benefits lost from urban greenery were air quality (45.25%) for Parakou and cooling effect (74%) for Porto-Novo and the causes of these losses depended also on the cities and the districts within the cities. Public participation was perceived to be low (> 85%) and the institutional cooperation with local communities, educational level and knowledge on greening main impacts must be improved to foster the involvement of people in urban greenery development. This study is relevant to support literature data and to further studies. It will also serve as a guideline for policymakers, urban planners, and managers, cityscape architects, and projects of urban sustainability regarding the urban greenery in Benin.

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Urban Greenery a pathway to Environmental Sustainability in Sub Saharan Africa: A Case of Northern Nigeria Cities

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Does GATS’ Influence on Private University Sector’s Growth Ensure ESD or Develop City ‘Sustainability Crisis’—Policy Framework to Respond COP21

Does GATS’ Influence on Private University Sector’s Growth Ensure ESD or Develop City ‘Sustainability Crisis’—Policy Framework to Respond COP21

Urban Green Space Planning, Policy Implementation, and Challenges: The Case of Addis Ababa

People’s perception and involvement in improving urban greenery in Benin (West Africa)

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