Urban form breeds neighborhood vibrancy: A case study using a GPS-based activity survey in suburban Beijing

Wu, Jiayu; Ta, Na; Song, Yan; Lin, Jian; Chai, Yanwei

doi:10.1016/j.cities.2017.11.008

Cited by 147 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the relationship between urban form and urban vitality has increasingly attracted attentions from academics. There are growing evidences that urban form puts significant effects on urban vitality [25]. Although extensive literatures have revealed the proactive role of urban vitality playing in urban development and planning, there is still a knowledge gap since we have neither a commonly accepted measuring system nor an integrated index for urban vitality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Explicit Assessment of Urban Vitality Using Multi-Source Data: A Case of Shanghai, China

et al. 2019

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Identifying urban vitality in large cities is critical for optimizing the urban fabric. While great attention has been paid to urban vitality in developed countries, related studies have been rarely conducted in developing countries. In this study, we defined urban vitality as the capacity of an urban built environment to boost lively social activities and developed a framework for measuring urban vitality using the dimensions of built environment, human activities, and human-environment interaction. Taking Shanghai, China as a case, we conducted a measurement of urban vitality using multi-source data. The results show that Shanghai follows a monocentric vital pattern within the outer ring road, with urban vitality declining from the central urban core to the city periphery. While the old urban cores tend to show high urban vitality, Pudong New Area is mostly dominated by low vitality. Three clusters with high urban vitality were identified: the old urban area, the Lujiazui CBD, and residential agglomeration areas. We conducted validation of the measuring results using phone usage density. Urban vitality showed a positive correlation with phone usage density, indicating a high accuracy of assessment. We also discovered that European-style block planning, zoning plan, mixed-functional development, urban renewal regulation, and migrant concentration were playing leading role in urban vitality of Shanghai.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Explicit Assessment of Urban Vitality Using Multi-Source Data: A Case of Shanghai, China

et al. 2019

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“…Thus, data (such as the employment of residents, economic connectivity, hostel activity, and social welfare) can indirectly reflect the vitality of an urban space [10,11,41]. Moreover, data that directly reflect residents' activity can be collected through field observation or questionnaires [42,43]. For example, Filion and Hammond observed how people use the physical environment of neighborhoods [42].…”

Section: Neighborhood Vibrancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Filion and Hammond observed how people use the physical environment of neighborhoods [42]. Wu et al [43] used questionnaires to record the non-work activities of residents in 23 neighborhoods in the suburban area of Beijing, in order to directly assess the neighborhood vibrancy. These methods are time-consuming and laborious, and the representativeness of the collected data is also questionable [17,18].…”

Section: Neighborhood Vibrancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, with the rapid development of ICT (Information and Communication Technology), the accurate daily activity data of massive numbers of residents can be obtained [18,30,31]. At present, new sources of big data that describe the spatial distribution of population are mobile phone signaling data [14], LBS data [44] and GPS tracking data [43]. The distribution of population density can be used to represent the degree of urban vitality [14].…”

Section: Neighborhood Vibrancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Associations Between Urban Form and Neighborhood Vibrancy: A Case Study of Chengdu, China

Huang

Shi

et al. 2019

IJGI

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The design and optimization of urban form has always been a hot topic in urban planning and development research. Besides, the creation of continuous vitality in urban areas is of critical importance in the development of urbanization. However, due to the lack of data, it is difficult to measure the effects of urban form on neighborhood vibrancy. Additionally, no uniform conclusion has been drawn regarding to what degree urban form can contribute to neighborhood vibrancy. Taking advantage of emerging new data sources, the depth and breadth of related research can now be improved. Therefore, this paper uses high-precision positioning social media check-in data to approximate the vibrancy of 658 neighborhoods, and uses a geographical information system (GIS) to quantitatively measure the urban form indicators in the central area of Chengdu City, China. A quantitative exploration and analysis of the relationships between neighborhood vibrancy and urban form is conducted. The results of three regression models considering different explanatory variables show that socio-economic factors account for approximately 23% of neighborhood vibrancy. In addition, the correlation between the shape characteristics of a neighborhood and the vibrancy is weak. However, when the inner urban form indicators of neighborhoods are introduced into the regression model, the goodness of fit (R2) is nearly doubled. This finding indicates that strong associations exist between urban form and neighborhood vibrancy. Specifically, building density and functional diversity are positively correlated with neighborhood vibrancy. Unlike existing studies, this study finds that the road network within the neighborhood plays a positive role in the creation of neighborhood vibrancy. However, the impact of a road density indicator is not as powerful as the impacts of building density and functional diversity. This research can help urban designers to better design urban environments.

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“…For example, one definition of neighborhood vibrancy in previous research (Yue et al, 2017) was the number of people attracted to an area, while Maas (1961) regards only the pedestrian population as contributing to neighborhood vibrancy. In other research, vibrancy was defined by the percentage of out-of-home non-work activities in a given neighborhood (Wu, Na, Song, Lin, & Chai, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Measuring the vibrancy of urban neighborhoods using mobile phone data with an improved PageRank algorithm

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Transactions in GIS

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A neighborhood is a shared space for spatial interaction. The vibrancy of a neighborhood represents a synergy between the people, activities, and values in a place, which increases community vitality and spurs economic opportunity. It can be investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. However, there are technical challenges involved in accurately charting vibrancy. With the recent advances in communication technology and the prevalence of location‐aware devices such as mobile phones, individual trajectories can be collected and analyzed on a large scale. In previous research, the weights of the vibrancies corresponding to different trajectories were not differentiated. In this study, an improved PageRank algorithm using a weighted bipartite graph is proposed to measure the vibrancy of an urban neighborhood from a different perspective, which highlights the differences between vibrancies arising from different types of citizens. This method connects the land much more closely with human activities and provides a new perspective on, and guidance for, urban resource allocation and urban planning.

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Urban form breeds neighborhood vibrancy: A case study using a GPS-based activity survey in suburban Beijing

Cited by 147 publications

References 36 publications

Spatial Explicit Assessment of Urban Vitality Using Multi-Source Data: A Case of Shanghai, China

Spatial Explicit Assessment of Urban Vitality Using Multi-Source Data: A Case of Shanghai, China

Exploring the Associations Between Urban Form and Neighborhood Vibrancy: A Case Study of Chengdu, China

Measuring the vibrancy of urban neighborhoods using mobile phone data with an improved PageRank algorithm

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