Urban Form and Vehicular Travel: Some Empirical Findings

Miller, Eric J.; Ibrahim, Amal

doi:10.15173/esr.v9i2.418

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…For example, Miller and Ibrahim (1998) carry out an empirical investigation into the relationship between the built environment and automobile travel at traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level in the Greater Toronto Area. Yang (2008) finds that urban spatial structure alone could explain a significant portion of the intra-region variation in commuting distance at the census tract level.…”

Section: Methodological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Miles Traveled and the Built Environment: Evidence from Vehicle Safety Inspection Data

Diao

Ferreira

2014

Environ Plan A

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Abstract:This study examines the linkage between household vehicle usage and their residential locations within a metropolitan area using a newly available administrative dataset of annual private passenger vehicle safety inspection records (with odometer readings) and spatially detailed data on the built environment. Vehicle miles travelled (VMT) and a set of comprehensive builtenvironment measures are computed for a statewide 250m*250m grid cell layer using advanced Geographic Information Systems and database management tools. We apply factor analysis to construct five factors that differentiate the built-environment characteristics of the grid cells and then integrate the built-environment factors into spatial regression models of household vehicle usage that account for built environment, demographics, and spatial interactions. The empirical results suggest that built-environment factors not only play an important role in explaining the intra-urban variation of household vehicle usage, but may also be underestimated by previous studies that use more aggregate built-environment measures. One standard deviation variations in the built-environment factors are associated with as much as 5,000 mile differences in annual VMT per-household. This study also demonstrates the potential value of new georeferenced administrative datasets in developing indicators that can assist urban planning and urban management.

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Section: Methodological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Miles Traveled and the Built Environment: Evidence from Vehicle Safety Inspection Data

Diao

Ferreira

2014

Environ Plan A

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Section: The Influence Of Urban Compactness Density and Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, high-density development may reduce trip frequencies and commuting distances [52,53]. For example, Miller and Ibrahim [52] reported that high-density employment nodes had lower VKTs per worker. Second, a higher density is related to greater public transportation use and increased levels of walking and other non-auto travel [54][55][56].…”

Section: The Influence Of Urban Compactness Density and Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Carbon Transportation Oriented Urban Spatial Structure: Theory, Model and Case Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Optimising the spatial structure of cities to promote low-carbon travel is a primary goal of urban planning and construction innovation in the low-carbon era. There is a need for basic research on the structural characteristics that help to reduce motor traffic, thereby promoting energy conservation. We first review the existing literature on the influence of urban spatial structure on transport carbon dioxide emissions and summarise the influence mechanisms. We then present two low-carbon transportation oriented patterns of urban spatial structure including the traditional walking city and the modern transit metropolis, illustrated by case studies. Furthermore, we propose an improved model Green Transportation System Oriented Development (GTOD), which is an extension of traditional transit-oriented development (TOD) and includes the additional features of a walking city and an emphasis on the integration of land use with a green transportation system, consisting of the public transportation and non-auto travel system. A compact urban form, effective mix of land use and appropriate scale of block are the basic structural features of a low-carbon transportation city. However, these features are only effective at promoting low-carbon transportation when integrated with the green traffic systems. Proper integration of the urban structural system with the green space system is also required. The optimal land use/transportation integration strategy is to divide traffic corridors with wedge-shaped green spaces and limit development along the transit corridors. This strategy forms the basis of the proposed urban structural model to promote low-carbon transportation and sustainable urban growth management.

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“…Conversely, a number of empirical studies show that relatively more balanced jobs-housing ratio has little impact on shorter commuting distance or time (Downs 1992(Downs , 2004Miller & Ibrahim 1998, Giuliano 1991, Giuliano & Small 1993, Zehner 1977). …”

Section: Jobs-housing Balance and Commutingmentioning

confidence: 99%