Urban form and transportation energy consumption

Kaza, Nikhil

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111049

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus, per capita fuel sales are significantly higher in extremely low-density states, such as Wyoming or North Dakota. At the other extreme is the District of Columbia, which, with a higher density and an adequate public transport network, shows far lower per capita gasoline consumption [183]. The differences between those living inside and outside metropolitan areas corroborate this correlation between population density and energy consumption.…”

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The differences between those living inside and outside metropolitan areas corroborate this correlation between population density and energy consumption. Thus, per capita gasoline sales are 41.2% higher outside metropolitan areas [183]. Similarly, Brownstone and Golob found that a thousand fewer homes per square mile means driving 1200 more miles a year, and therefore, consuming 65 more gallons of gasoline [182].…”

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Urban sprawl patterns increase the movement of people, and consequently, the flow of vehicles, increasing both energy consumption and pollutant gas emissions [22,182]. Research by [183] highlights this association between energy consumption and urban morphologies in the US. Thus, per capita fuel sales are significantly higher in extremely low-density states, such as Wyoming or North Dakota.…”

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the US, 28.5% of greenhouse gases are generated by transport [183]. The movement of vehicles on US roads generates 80% of the total transport's carbon footprint.…”

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustaining What Is Unsustainable: A Review of Urban Sprawl and Urban Socio-Environmental Policies in North America and Western Europe

Bueno-Suárez

Coq-Huelva

2020

Sustainability

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Urban sprawl and its economic, social, and environmental consequences are central issues for approaching more sustainable forms of life and production. This review provides a broad theoretical exploration of the main features of urban sprawl but also of sustainable urban policies in Western Europe and North America. Urban sprawl can be observed in both continents, as the search for higher standards of economic, social, and environmental sustainability is also an essential feature of urban governance in the last years. Urban sprawl has been slightly weaker in Western Europe, as its are cities generally more compact. Moreover, in Western Europe, urban sprawl has sometimes been confronted with ex-ante preventive policies. However, in North America, urban sprawl from the 1950s has been an essential element of the social ordering and, thus, of the American way of life. In both cases, urban sprawl has generated successive rounds of accumulation of built capital, which is currently managed in sustainable ways essentially through ex-post and palliative measures, that is, trying to “sustain what is unsustainable”. In other words, the idea is to make urban sprawl more sustainable but without altering its main morphological elements.

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Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the US, 28.5% of greenhouse gases are generated by transport [183]. The movement of vehicles on US roads generates 80% of the total transport's carbon footprint.…”

Section: Materials Consumption and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sustaining What Is Unsustainable: A Review of Urban Sprawl and Urban Socio-Environmental Policies in North America and Western Europe

Bueno-Suárez

Coq-Huelva

2020

Sustainability

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“…The body of literature on the impact of urban form characteristics on household travel and transportation energy demand is extensive (e.g., [21][22][23][24]). In addition, urban form impacts building energy use through UHI effect and electric transmission and distribution (T&D) losses, also directly through energy requirements of the building stock [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Urban Density and Building Energy Consumption

Mostafavi

Heris

Gándara³

et al. 2021

Buildings

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Neighborhood characteristics influence natural urban energy fluxes and the choices made by urban actors. This article focuses on the impact of urban density as a neighborhood physical parameter on building energy consumption profiles for seven different metropolitan areas in the United States. Primarily, 30 × 30 m2 cells were classified into five categories of settlement density using the US Geological Survey’s National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD), the US Census, and Census Block data. In the next step, linear hierarchical spatial and non-spatial models were developed and applied to building energy data in those seven metropolitan areas to explore the links between urban density (and other urban form parameters) and energy performance, using both frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Our results indicate that urban density is correlated with energy-use intensity (EUI), but its impact is not similar across different metropolitan areas. The outcomes of our analysis further show that the distance from buildings within which the influence of urban form parameters on EUI is most significant varies by city and negatively changes with urban density. Although the relationship between urban density parameters and EUI varies across cities, tree-cover area, impervious area, and neighborhood building-covered area have a more consistent impact compared to building and housing density.

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Repercussion of effect of different drive cycles on evaluation of electrical consumption for electric four‐wheeler to achieve optimal performance of electric vehicle

Suryavanshi¹,

Ghanegaonkar²

2023

Energy Storage

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Electric vehicle (EV) is at borne stage and facing lot of challenges at design and development stage. The performance of EV is solely depending on distance travelled by vehicle means range of vehicle and electrical consumed by the vehicle. These two performance parameters affects on sizing of EV component. The electric motor and electric battery are power and electrical source of the vehicle. For sizing, this component electrical consumption (EC) per kilometer (km) plays major role. The correct estimation of EC per km is very much necessary at the design stage for sizing of components. Drive cycles play major role for accurate estimation of EC per km. Many drive cycles (Indian drive cycle [IDC], modified Indian drive cycle [MIDC], urban drive cycle [UDC], worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure [WLTP], new European drive cycle [NEDC], and Artemis drive cycle) are currently used by many countries to predict the performance of vehicle. Various standard cycles are studies the effect of drive cycle on energy consumption of an electric four‐wheeler through analytical methods which results the optimal performance of vehicle. Current study investigates the analytical approach for accurate prediction of energy consumption per km to enhance the range of EV, which is major concern of EV buyers. Present work compares the range and electric consumption of electric four‐wheeler by using NEDC, highway fuel economy test cycle (HWFET), UDC, WLTP, and MIDC drive cycle. The range obtained from NEDC, HWFET, UDC, WLTP, and MIDC drive cycles are 114.20, 115.18, 78.16, 103.33, and 93.73 km, respectively. HWFET drive cycle provides higher than other drive cycle due to better road condition. Urban drive cycle provides low range of 64 km because of road condition.

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Urban form and transportation energy consumption

Cited by 50 publications

References 37 publications

Sustaining What Is Unsustainable: A Review of Urban Sprawl and Urban Socio-Environmental Policies in North America and Western Europe

Sustaining What Is Unsustainable: A Review of Urban Sprawl and Urban Socio-Environmental Policies in North America and Western Europe

The Relationship between Urban Density and Building Energy Consumption

Repercussion of effect of different drive cycles on evaluation of electrical consumption for electric four‐wheeler to achieve optimal performance of electric vehicle

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