Urban Form, Air Pollution, and CO<sub>2</sub>Emissions in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas

Bereitschaft, Bradley; Debbage, Keith G.

doi:10.1080/00330124.2013.799991

Cited by 239 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that urbanization, industrialization, and economic development can all contribute to air pollution [3,12,13,16,18,29,30]. Sand-dust storms in spring [4], secondary aerosol generation O 3 , and PM 2.5 pollution in summer [31], agriculture biomass burning in autumn [32], and coal burning for winter heating [20] are the main drivers for seasonal air pollution events, whereas climatic conditions, such as high humidity and low wind speed, are key environmental factors [33].…”

Section: Potential Socioeconomic Climatic and Urban Form Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainability 2017, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 15 depending on distinguished mechanisms [6,[16][17][18][19]. For example, wind not only dissipates air pollutants in the city, but also transports pollutants from industrial areas to urban areas [12,20].…”

Section: Study Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CLUMPY and AI measure the degrees of clumping and the aggregation of built-up areas. The main justification for choosing these 10 metrics is that they have been widely used to characterize the spatial extent, fragmentation, shape complexity, and connectivity of urban landscapes [41][42][43][44][45][46][47], and have been related to urban air pollution in previous studies [6,16,17,21,22,24,26,48]. All these urban class-level metrics were computed using FRAGSTATS v4.2 [49], based on land use/cover data in 2010 with a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km.…”

Section: Urban Form Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, air pollution and its spatiotemporal patterns are influenced by a number of socioeconomic and environmental factors [6,16,21,22,[24][25][26][27][28]. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying drivers of air pollution in China's cities is still lacking from multiple perspectives (air pollutant emissions and concentrations) and time scales (year and season).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emissions of nitrogen oxide (NO x ) and carbon monoxide (CO), and concentrations of ozone (O 3 ) increased dramatically due to the increased number of vehicles [13], and were accompanied by an increase in emissions of greenhouse gases (e.g., CO 2 ) [14,15]. Recent studies have related these spatial patterns of air pollution to environmental and socioeconomic factors depending on distinguished mechanisms [6,[16][17][18][19]. For example, wind not only dissipates air pollutants in the city, but also transports pollutants from industrial areas to urban areas [12,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Liu

2018

Sustainability

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China's tremendous economic growth during the past three decades has resulted in worsening air quality in most of its cities. However, the spatiotemporal patterns and underlying drivers of air pollution in China remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we used stepwise regression to identify major socioeconomic, climatic, and urban form factors influencing air pollution in 69 major cities across China. Our results showed that social factors such as population size and density were positively correlated with emissions of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO x , and SO 2 . Economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP of secondary industry were positively correlated with industry and transportation emissions but negatively correlated with residential emissions of air pollutants. Urban form attributes such as measures of urban fragmentation and contiguity were important in explaining patterns of emissions from residential, power generation, and transportation sectors. As for climatic factors, higher precipitation, higher wind speed, and higher temperatures were all negatively correlated with air pollution levels. We also found that the effects of socioeconomic, climatic, and urban from factors on air pollution levels varied considerably among seasons and between the annual and seasonal scales. Our findings have useful implications for urban planning and management for controlling air pollution in China and beyond.

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Section: Potential Socioeconomic Climatic and Urban Form Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urban Form Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Liu

2018

Sustainability

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Urban Tree Canopy Effects on Water Quality via Inputs to the Urban Ground Surface

Decina

Ponette‐González

Rindy

2020

Forest-Water Interactions

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Urban Advantage? Sustainability Trade-Offs Across and Within the Intra-Urban Space

Lerpold

Sjöberg

Tang

2021

Sustainable Consumption and Production, Volume I

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Abstract“Sustainable cities” as a singular concept may very well be a utopian vision impossible to realise in a broader sense. In this chapter, we review the literature on urban sustainability highlighting the complexities and trade-offs between and within the 3 Es—ecology, economy and equality. In particular, we focus here on the intra-urban dimensions of density, mobility, the built environment and housing, lifestyle trends and gentrification along with social sustainability issues of crime, homelessness and community. While gains from increased size and density can be had, there are also many outcomes that depend on urban morphology and the consequences of spatial sorting. Positive outcomes generated by density and efficiency may be offset by, for instance, less sustainable construction materials or increased income inequality. In particular, rebound effects are often overlooked. Hence, it often becomes an empirical issue whether the potential for sustainability gains materialise. Furthermore, as assessed from a more holistic 3 Es’ view, where social sustainability is as important as environmental sustainability, the potential of a “sustainable city” may be a victim of trade-offs that are difficult to resolve.

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Urban Form, Air Pollution, and CO₂Emissions in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas

Cited by 239 publications

References 61 publications

Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Urban Tree Canopy Effects on Water Quality via Inputs to the Urban Ground Surface

Urban Advantage? Sustainability Trade-Offs Across and Within the Intra-Urban Space

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Urban Form, Air Pollution, and CO2Emissions in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas

Cited by 239 publications

References 61 publications

Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Disentangling the Complex Effects of Socioeconomic, Climatic, and Urban Form Factors on Air Pollution: A Case Study of China

Urban Tree Canopy Effects on Water Quality via Inputs to the Urban Ground Surface

Urban Advantage? Sustainability Trade-Offs Across and Within the Intra-Urban Space

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Product

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Urban Form, Air Pollution, and CO₂Emissions in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas