“…58 Shortening food chains involves reducing intermediaries (such as wholesalers, processors, or shippers) and focusing on better linking supply with markets, including direct-to-consumers (e.g., farmers' markets, community-supported agriculture), expanded community food production (e.g., urban gardens, seed exchanges), and decreased corporate control (e.g., cooperatives rather than vertically structured agribusinesses). 59 Such steps have the potential to lead to local foodsheds that increase traceability and consumer confidence, improve product quality (including freshness and health concerns), and lower environmental impacts (including reduced packaging, decreased food waste, and closing nutrient cycles, although the impact on carbon emissions remains highly dependent on context). 60 However, shifting from global supply chains to more localized production will be challenging in balancing efficiency with resilience, and will need to be planned with the participation of multiple stakeholders, including consumers.…”