Urban-development-induced Changes in the Diversity and Composition of the Soil Bacterial Community in Beijing

Yan, Bing; Li, Junsheng; Xiao, Nengwen; Qi, Yue; Fu, Gang; Liu, Gaohui; Qiao, Mengping

doi:10.1038/srep38811

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Fungal community composition at 0-10 cm depth responded to plant diversity, and fungi at 11-20 cm depth responded to plant height. The contrasting responses of bacteria and fungi to conditions at different depths, and the closer association of fungal composition with changes in plant diversity, are consistent with previous findings although the driving factors are still poorly understood, ranging from pH, through nitrogen, to antecedent use (Newbound et al 2012, Xu et al 2014, Sarah et al 2015, Yan et al 2016, Hui et al 2017. In our study system, recent antecedent use is uniform across treatments suggesting that divergent effects of plant communities on soil nitrogen may contribute to differences in microbial communities.…”

Section: Soilssupporting

confidence: 90%

Urban meadows as an alternative to short mown grassland: effects of composition and height on biodiversity

Norton

Bending

Clark

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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There are increasing calls to provide greenspace in urban areas, yet the ecological quality, as well as quantity, of greenspace is important. Short mown grassland designed for recreational use is the dominant form of urban greenspace in temperate regions but requires considerable maintenance and typically provides limited habitat value for most taxa. Alternatives are increasingly proposed, but the biodiversity potential of these is not well understood. In a replicated experiment across six public urban greenspaces, we used nine different perennial meadow plantings to quantify the relative roles of floristic diversity and height of sown meadows on the richness and composition of three taxonomic groups: plants, invertebrates, and soil microbes. We found that all meadow treatments were colonized by plant species not sown in the plots, suggesting that establishing sown meadows does not preclude further locally determined grassland development if management is appropriate. Colonizing species were rarer in taller and more diverse plots, indicating competition may limit invasion rates. Urban meadow treatments contained invertebrate and microbial communities that differed from mown grassland. Invertebrate taxa responded to changes in both height and richness of meadow vegetation, but most orders were more abundant where vegetation height was longer than mown grassland. Order richness also increased in longer vegetation and Coleoptera family richness increased with plant diversity in summer. Microbial community composition seems sensitive to plant species composition at the soil surface (0–10 cm), but in deeper soils (11–20 cm) community variation was most responsive to plant height, with bacteria and fungi responding differently. In addition to improving local residents’ site satisfaction, native perennial meadow plantings can produce biologically diverse grasslands that support richer and more abundant invertebrate communities, and restructured plant, invertebrate, and soil microbial communities compared with short mown grassland. Our results suggest that diversification of urban greenspace by planting urban meadows in place of some mown amenity grassland is likely to generate substantial biodiversity benefits, with a mosaic of meadow types likely to maximize such benefits.

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Section: Soilssupporting

confidence: 90%

Urban meadows as an alternative to short mown grassland: effects of composition and height on biodiversity

Norton

Bending

Clark

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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“…The composition and diversity of soil microbial communities are closely related to urbanization [38]. Our results confirmed that the urban-to-rural gradient affected the composition of soil microbial community, with varying degrees of influence on bacterial and fungal communities (Figures 2, 3, and S1, Tables S2 and S3).…”

Section: The Composition and Diversity Of Soil Microbial Community Vasupporting

confidence: 77%

The Composition and Diversity of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Along an Urban-To-Rural Gradient in South China

Tan

Kan

et al. 2019

Forests

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Soil microbes are of great significance to driving the biogeochemical cycles and are affected by multiple factors, including urbanization. However, the response of soil microbes to urbanization remains unclear. Therefore, we designed an urban-to-rural gradient experiment to investigate the response of soil microbial composition and diversity to urbanization. Here, we used a high-throughput sequencing method to analyze the biotic and abiotic effects on soil microbial composition and diversity along the urban-to-rural gradient. Our results showed that soil bacterial diversity was the highest in urban areas, followed by suburban areas, and was the lowest in exurbs; however, fungal diversity did not vary significantly among the three areas. Plant traits, i.e., tree richness, shrub richness, the number of tree stems, diameter at breast height of trees, and soil properties, i.e., pH, soil organic carbon, soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium, and soil water content, were only significantly influenced bacterial diversity, but not fungal diversity. The effect of trees and shrubs was higher than that of herbs on microbial composition. Soil organic carbon, pH, soil available nitrogen, soil exchangeable calcium, and magnesium were the major soil factors influencing the soil bacterial and fungal composition. Soil properties had a greater influence on bacterial than on fungal composition at genus level, while plant traits contributed more to fungal than to bacterial composition at genus level. Our study suggests that the urban-to-rural gradient affect the composition and diversity of bacterial community as well as the fungal composition, but not the fungal diversity.

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“…With the recent development of high-throughput sequencing, Xu et al (2014) found that urbanization did have an effect on the bacterial community by investigating urban park soils from cities with different levels of urbanization in China. In addition, Yan et al (2016) investigated the soils of urban green space from different ring roads and found that urban development alters bacterial diversity and community composition. However, these studies overlooked impervious surfaces, even though they are the most common representatives of urbanization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impervious Surfaces Alter Soil Bacterial Communities in Urban Areas: A Case Study in Beijing, China

Dou

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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The rapid expansion of urbanization has caused land cover change, especially the increasing area of impervious surfaces. Such alterations have significant effects on the soil ecosystem by impeding the exchange of gasses, water, and materials between soil and the atmosphere. It is unclear whether impervious surfaces have any effects on soil bacterial diversity and community composition. In the present study, we conducted an investigation of bacterial communities across five typical land cover types, including impervious surfaces (concrete), permeable pavement (bricks with round holes), shrub coverage (Buxus megistophylla Levl.), lawns (Festuca elata Keng ex E. Alexeev), and roadside trees (Sophora japonica Linn.) in Beijing, to explore the response of bacteria to impervious surfaces. The soil bacterial communities were addressed by high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We found that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla in urban soils. Soil from impervious surfaces presented a lower bacterial diversity, and differed greatly from other types of land cover. Soil bacterial diversity was predominantly affected by Zn, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and soil moisture content (SMC). The composition of the bacterial community was similar under shrub coverage, roadside trees, and lawns, but different from beneath impervious surfaces and permeable pavement. Variance partitioning analysis showed that edaphic properties contributed to 12% of the bacterial community variation, heavy metal pollution explained 3.6% of the variation, and interaction between the two explained 33% of the variance. Together, our data indicate that impervious surfaces induced changes in bacterial community composition and decrease of bacterial diversity. Interactions between edaphic properties and heavy metals were here found to change the composition of the bacterial community and diversity across areas with different types of land cover, and soil properties play a more important role than heavy metals.

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Urban-development-induced Changes in the Diversity and Composition of the Soil Bacterial Community in Beijing

Cited by 56 publications

References 59 publications

Urban meadows as an alternative to short mown grassland: effects of composition and height on biodiversity

Urban meadows as an alternative to short mown grassland: effects of composition and height on biodiversity

The Composition and Diversity of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Along an Urban-To-Rural Gradient in South China

Impervious Surfaces Alter Soil Bacterial Communities in Urban Areas: A Case Study in Beijing, China

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