Urban Crime Occurrences in Association with Built Environment Characteristics: An African Case with Implications for Urban Design

Silva, Patrik; Lin, Li

doi:10.3390/su12073056

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Few articles on studies evaluating urban morphological variables related to feelings of insecurity in public spaces (macroscale) have been found on search engines; some of them are articles by Al-bayati (2016) and Saraiva and Ana (2021). Al-bayati (2016) evaluates urban forms in relation to the feeling of insecurity with a focus on terrorism, which is not an urban crime, as explained by Soomeren (1996) and Silva & Li (2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the position of urban spatial configuration on the feeling of insecurity from crime in public spaces

Putra

Salim

Indradjati

et al. 2023

Front. Built Environ.

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Introduction: Many studies have discussed crime and the feeling of insecurity in the public space. These studies produce diverse findings from various variables and different objects. However, the urban spatial configuration is still left unexplored in the study of insecurity from crime in the public space. The purpose of this study is to discuss the position of urban spatial configuration elements on the feeling of insecurity from crime in the public space evidenced by international literature.Methods: This study uses a systematic review method by evaluating studies published between 1970 and 2021.Results and Discussion: The results of this study state that studies on crime and feeling of insecurity in public spaces in urban planning and urban design context mainly evaluated the design features (crime prevention through environmental design) and Socio-demographics at micro–meso scale in the built environment. In contrast, urban spatial configuration variable or macro scale still underexplored. Studies have shown that issues will occur if policy-making and planning in urban areas ignore individual perceptions of feeling insecure regarding crime at macro scale. The findings of this study become a research gap for further studies. This study suggests that more researchers should evaluate the feelings of insecurity from crime in public spaces on a macro scale, namely the urban spatial configuration dimension, including city size, development type, the distribution pattern of population and job, degree of clustering, and landscape connectivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the position of urban spatial configuration on the feeling of insecurity from crime in public spaces

Putra

Salim

Indradjati

et al. 2023

Front. Built Environ.

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“…Escapability refers to the aspects such as having multiple accessible gates or doors which allow offenders to escape from the residential areas. Silva and Li [31] has further substantiated escapability is one of the factors contributing to high crime rate as offenders can use the same method entering the residential area to escape from the crime scene. On the other hand, accessible network which refer to an area that connected by multiple routes or streets also help offenders to escape easily [26].…”

Section: Access Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

Integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Third-Generation Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)

Radzi Ismail,

Khoo Terh Jing,

Ha Chin Yee

et al. 2023

ARASET

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The awareness level of residents to prevent crime is increasing while the characteristics of the physical environment and atmosphere within the residential areas have been utilized to discourage crime. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) as an effective crime prevention strategy has been introduced since 1971 where it evolved from the first-generation to second-generation after including intangible components into the practices. Currently, the emergence of digital technologies such as Building Information Modelling (BIM) has started to gain more attention from academicians and practitioners. The features in BIM such as simulation, visualizing and estimating should be utilized to enhance CPTED effectiveness in preventing crime which will form the fundamental of third-generation CPTED. This study intended to explore the potential to integrate BIM into existing CPTED to develop a third-generation of CPTED. Therefore, this study has reviewed the journal articles pertinent to the BIM application in CPTED which elaborate the potential of BIM to be used practically to provide new concept of third-generation CPTED which embracing digital technology. This study found the potential of BIM to integrate with four tangible principles (surveillance, access control, territoriality and target hardening) and two intangible principles (sense of community, and management and maintenance) have been discussed. All existing principles can be integrated with BIM to further enhance their effectiveness but there are some conflicts found between the principles practiced in CPTED. This study has provided a comprehensive overview of the integration of BIM to CPTED practitioners for the development of third-generation CPTED in future research.

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“…Also, the design and management of the built form greatly help support the settlements' liveability, especially considering safety issues. The environment is the last strand that reveals how the surrounding spaces influence the settlement's security (Silva and Li, 2020). The environment can include open spaces such as wetlands and urban forests that become crime hotspots or fearscapes.…”

Section: Theoretical and Conceptual Framingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban (in) security in an emerging human settlement: Perspectives from Hopley Farm Settlement, Harare, Zimbabwe

Mphambukeli¹

2022

Front. Sustain. Cities

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This article examines the urban (in) security landscape in a postcolonial emerging human settlement in Africa. Hopley Farm Settlement is used as a case study focusing on the perspectives of this urban (in) security on spatial justice. This study contributes to the emerging scholarship on African cities that focuses on urban security, which is increasingly becoming a critical issue owing to multiple socioeconomic, political, and environmental risks inherent in Africa. We argue that the poor residing in emerging human settlements are victimized mainly and subjected to different forms of violence exposing them to urban (in) securities. This insecurity makes it challenging to achieve the envisaged sustainable development goal that aspires to create safe and resilient cities and settlements by 2030. The study employed an exploratory phenomenological research design where data were collected from 450 questionnaires administered to residents and 20 in-depth interviews with residents from Hopley. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The study maps Hopley's (in) security terrain, focusing on different parameters that bring insights to the security scape of the settlement. The strategies employed by the community to navigate this complex terrain are explored in light of infrastructural violence theory, which brings insights into spatial justice. The findings reveal that the envisaged mixed used settlement form considers urban security in the design of Hopley. However, the realities of the settlement show complex urban insecurities, including unsafe living environments, political victimization, lack of tenure, crime and violence that manifest even through severe cases such as murder and rape. Marginalization of the poor is thus prevalent in this community and calls for the government to reconsider the planning, development, and management of emerging settlements where the poor reside in the shadow of the state.

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Urban Crime Occurrences in Association with Built Environment Characteristics: An African Case with Implications for Urban Design

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Understanding the position of urban spatial configuration on the feeling of insecurity from crime in public spaces

Understanding the position of urban spatial configuration on the feeling of insecurity from crime in public spaces

Integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Third-Generation Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)

Urban (in) security in an emerging human settlement: Perspectives from Hopley Farm Settlement, Harare, Zimbabwe

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