Urban contamination sources in tunnel dusts from São Paulo city: Elemental and isotopic characterization

Nory, Renata Mendes; Figueiredo, Ana Maria Graciano; Souto-Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo; Babinski, Marly

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118188

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Factor 1 presented higher contributions of crustal elements (Al, Si, Ti, Fe, Ca, and K), linked to road dust, and lower contributions of BC, Zn, Pb, S, and Mn species, associated with road traffic. This species profile is in line with CM (Supplementary Figure 1) and PCA (Supplementary Table 3) analysis as well as studies performed in other cities and current road tunnels characterization carried in the São Paulo City (Amato et al, 2011;Gunawardana et al, 2012;Hetem and Andrade, 2016;Jithin and Srimuruganandam, 2020;Nory et al, 2021). It is important to mention that urban road dust is associated with road traffic, which combines contributions of vehicular non-exhaust emissions (tire wear and brakes abrasion) and road pavement/furniture (Thorpe and Harrison, 2008).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…PMF factors related to road dust/traffic (non-exhaust) showed significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation (R = 0.63) with δ 66 Zn JMC values (Figure 3A). This observation is in line with heavier Zn isotopes (δ 66 Zn JMC > 0.00‰) found in the road dust and vehicular non-exhaust samples (Dong et al, 2017;Souto-Oliveira et al, 2018;Nory et al, 2021). PMF factors attributed to vehicular exhaust showed negative correlation with δ 66 Zn JMC values (Figure 3B), in accordance with preliminary lighter Zn isotopes signatures (δ 66 Zn JMC > −0.60 and <0.00‰) characterized in the vehicular exhaust from São Paulo City (Gioia et al, 2008).…”

Section: Validation Of Pmf Source Identification By Isotopic Fingerprintssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Vehicular exhaust was characterized by less radiogenic Pb isotopes and lighter Zn isotopes combined with BC, CO, and PM 2.5 species (Gioia et al, 2008(Gioia et al, , 2017Souto-Oliveira et al, 2018). Road dust and road traffic/non-exhaust were characterized by heavier Zn isotopic signatures and crustal (Al, Si, Ti, Fe, and Ca) and BC, Zn, and Pb species profiles, respectively (Dong et al, 2017;Souto-Oliveira et al, 2018;Nory et al, 2021). Biomass burning showed a positive correlation with δ 66 Zn values (Figure 3E), suggesting that this source is enriched with heavier Zn isotopes, which is supported by coal and tire-fuel combustion studies (Borrok et al, 2010;Ochoa Gonzalez and Weiss, 2015).…”

Section: Mif Improvement and Pmf-mif Combined Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Souto-Oliveira

Kamigauti

Andrade

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Urban air pollution is a matter of concern due to its health hazards and the continuous population growth exposed to it at different urban areas worldwide. Nowadays, more than 55% of the world population live in urban areas. One of the main challenges to guide pollution control policies is related to pollutant source assessment. In this line, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Positive Matrix Factorization (EPA-PMF) has been extensively employed worldwide as a reference model for quantification of source contributions. However, EPA-PMF presents issues associated to source identification and discrimination due to the collinearities among the source tracers. Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) have demonstrated good resolution for source discrimination, since urban sources are characterized by specific isotopic signatures. Source quantification based on total aerosol mass is the main limitation of MIF. This study reports strategies for PMF and MIF combination to improve source identification/discrimination and its quantification in urban areas. We have three main findings: (1) cross-validation of PMF source identification based on Pb and Zn isotopic fingerprints, (2) source apportionment in the MIF model for total PM mass, and (3) new insights into potential Zn isotopic signatures of biomass burning and secondary aerosol. We support future studies on the improvement of isotopic fingerprints database of sources based on diverse elements or compounds to boost advances of MIF model applications in atmospheric sciences.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Validation Of Pmf Source Identification By Isotopic Fingerprintssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Mif Improvement and Pmf-mif Combined Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Souto-Oliveira

Kamigauti

Andrade

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…From all elements, which are present in particles emission, no matter if particles emission originate from the wear of tires, from the wear of road, from the wear of brakes, or from emission of diesel engines, Zn and Si are dominant elements which originate from the wear of tires. 54 According to the research of Nory, 86 the wear of tires products mostly consist Pb and Zn, but besides these two heavy metals Cd can also be found in the wear of tires products. 20 According to Ma et al 87 the products mostly consist of Zn, Ni, and Cr, while Al, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cd, and Pb can be found in smaller amounts, while according to Kreider et al 52 they mostly consist of Zn, Si and S, and Al, Sb, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, K, Na, Ti and V can be found in smaller amounts.…”

Section: Particles Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particles formation due to the wear of tires and measures for the wear reduction: A review

Stojanović

Abdullah

Grujić

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Tires are a very important part of a vehicle, necessary for the vehicle driving. During the vehicle exploitation, due to the friction which appears in the contact between the tire and the road, it comes to the formation of so called non-exhaust particles. The particles formed during the vehicle exploitation can be composed of heavy metals and they are harmful for people’s health and for the environment. Several factors influence the size of the wear of tires. The investigations about the tires behavior as well as the size of the wear can be conducted on the road, in the laboratory, as well as by application of modern software. The paper shows the applied methodologies applied by other researchers during the investigation of tires particles formation, the applied materials for the tires manufacturing, influential parameters on the wear of tires, as well as methods for the wear of tires reduction. After analyzing other researches in the subject field, the authors have come to the conclusions related to the factors which can reduce the wear of tires and these factors should be given proper attention in further studies.

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“…Urban surface dust is a kind of solid particle deposited on artificial pavement and various buildings due to atmospheric deposition, and dust could act as an important vector for heavy metals and various kinds of pollutants, given that dust is at the different environmental interface and important source-sink effects (Renata et al 2021). Therefore, many scholars have studied the sources and spatial distribution for heavy metals in dust, and most of the findings show that the sources for heavy metals in dust are mainly related to vehicle exhaust emissions, wear and tear for the vehicle itself and aging for pavement materials, while the spatial distribution is related to the source of pollution (Han et al 2020;Yu et al 2021;Jose et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccessibilities and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dust from the Guizhou-Guiyang urban zone, China

郁鑫杰¹,

王济²,

蔡雄飞³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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To investigate the health risks of heavy metals in dust entering the human body from different exposure pathways. In this study, the old urban area of Guiyang was used as the study area to understand the heavy metals concentrations in surface dust, including recreational plazas, main streets, hospitals, residential areas, and schools in this city, and the bioaccessibility in the simulated lung phase and simulated gastrointestinal phase. The results showed that the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, and Cr in the dust were higher than the background values, especially the Zn content exceeded the background value by 9.71 times. The bioaccessibility results indicated that the most soluble heavy metals in the simulated lung phase, simulated gastric phase, and simulated intestinal phase were Zn, Ni, and Cu, respectively, and the bioaccessibility of most heavy metals was significantly higher in the gastric phase than in the intestinal phase, and only Cu was higher in the intestinal phase than in the gastric phase. The linear results fit suggested that the total amount of heavy metals alone could not predict the human intake of heavy metals in the dust. Human health risk assessment based on bioaccessibility showed that children had higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks than adults for both hand-to-mouth ingestion and respiratory inhalation exposure pathways, but none of them exceeded the limit values.

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Urban contamination sources in tunnel dusts from São Paulo city: Elemental and isotopic characterization

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Improving Source Apportionment of Urban Aerosol Using Multi-Isotopic Fingerprints (MIF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): Cross-Validation and New Insights

Particles formation due to the wear of tires and measures for the wear reduction: A review

Bioaccessibilities and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dust from the Guizhou-Guiyang urban zone, China

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