Urban and Rural MSW Stream Characterization for Separate Collection Improvement

Ciuta, Simona; Apostol, Tiberiu; Rusu, V.

doi:10.3390/su7010916

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These occur mainly from non-household sources such as logging activities and flash floods of small catchment areas of Bistrita tributaries. Wood waste, as a fraction of household waste in rural communities, is insignificant (1%) because it is reused as solid fuel [27]. These results point out that rural localities may not be solely responsible for the waste dumping issue.…”

Section: Waste Management Background In the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In this context, a factor of 0.7 is used for measuring the biowaste losses via unsound waste management practices as a realistic scenario [25]. Organic waste may represent 90% of the domestic waste generation rate in remote rural communities, which is mostly used to feed animals and for composting activities [26], but in Romania, this fraction varies from 47-70% across development regions [27]. The Polish National waste management plan [28] assumes that 70% of biodegradable waste generated in villages and 15% of such waste in minor towns is used for the purposes of composting, feeding animals and in household furnaces.…”

Section: Quantification Of Uncontrolled Rural Household Waste Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural plastic emissions into the largestmountain lake of the Eastern Carpathians

Mihai

2018

Preprint

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The lack of proper waste collection systems leads to plastic pollution in rivers in proximity to rural communities. This environmental threat is more widespread among mountain communities which are prone to frequent flash floods during the warm season. This paper estimates the amounts of plastic bottles dumped into the Izvoru Muntelui lake by upstream rural communities. The plastic pollution dimension between seasonal floods which affected the Bistrita catchment area during 2005-2012 is examined. The floods dumped over 290 tonnes of plastic bottles into the lake. Various scenarios are tested in order to explain each amount of plastic waste collected by local authorities during sanitation activities. The results show that rural municipalities are responsible for 85.51% of total plastic bottles collected during 2005-2010. The source of plastic pollution is mainly local. The major floods of July 2008 and June 2010 collected most of the plastic bottles scattered across the Bistrita river catchment (56 villages) and dumped them into the lake. These comparisons validate the proposed method as a reliable tool in the assessment process of river plastic pollution, which may also be applied in other geographical areas. Tourism and leisure activities are also found to be responsible for plastic pollution in the study area. A new regional integrated waste management system should improve the waste collection services across rural municipalities at the county level when it is fully operational. This paper demonstrates that rural communities are significant contributors of plastics into water bodies.

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Section: Waste Management Background In the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Quantification Of Uncontrolled Rural Household Waste Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural plastic emissions into the largestmountain lake of the Eastern Carpathians

Mihai

2018

Preprint

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“…In these context, studies have identified three individuals' indicators [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]:…”

Section: Role Of Energy Recovery From Msw In a Frame Of Materials Recomentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy recovery from Municipal Solid Waste in EU: proposals to assess the management performance under a circular economy perspective

2017

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Abstract. In 2015 the European Commission issued a package of documents on Circular Economy concerning an integrated revision of legislative proposals on waste management. The aim was to stimulate a European transition towards a circular economy concept, which is expected to foster competitiveness, sustainable economic growth and new jobs generation. Three indicators are proposed in this paper to contribute to the assessment of the energy recovery management performance from MSW in a scenario of circular economy: a) referring to MSW directly used (RMSW) or indirectly used (SRF) as input of thermochemical plants, an indicator can be the percentage of waste having LHV > 13MJ/kg; b) referring to the MSW directly or indirectly used as input of thermochemical plants, the percentage of waste having ash recovered; c) referring to food waste, percentage of this stream sent to anaerobic digestion. The above indicators, proposed and discussed in this paper, have to be integrated with other ones in order to complete the quantification of the role of MSW management in term of energy recovery under a circular economy strategy. It is not the aim of the present paper to give a comprehensive solution to this complex issue.

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“…The regional waste composition data (2003) provided by regional waste management plans (2006) are specific to rural areas based on local waste operators estimations. Ciuta et al (2015) performed experimental studies for Sercaia commune (Brasov county, Center Region), but the municipal waste composition data computed are specific only for regional level. Such data are not broken down into urban and rural areas as per-capita waste generation rates.…”

Section: Estimations Of Biowaste Generated and Uncollectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These calculations are determined based on rural population unserved (nr.of inhabitants) by waste collection services (WCS) and on the other hand, by rural municipal waste composition at NUTS 2 scale (nomenclature of territorial units for statistic: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/overview) provided by regional waste management plans for 2003 andCiuta et al(2015) for 2012. The amounts of bio-waste generated and uncollected is determined as: Q bwu (t.yr -1 )= P noWCS * G rw *365/1000 * S bwr (%) where:  Q bwu = amount of biowaste generated and uncollected by waste operators (t.yr -1 )…”

Section: Estimations Of Biowaste Generated and Uncollectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of biowaste losses through unsound waste management practices in rural areas and the role of home composting

Mihai

Ingrao

2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Abstract. The paper examines the biowaste management issues across rural areas of Romania in the context of poor waste management infrastructure in the last decade (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012). Biowaste is the main fraction of municipal waste, thus a proper management is a key challenge in order to sustain a bioeconomy in the near future. The amount of biowaste generated and uncollected by waste operators is generally uncontrolled disposed if not recovered through home composting. The paper points out the role of home composting in diverting the biowaste from wild dumps and landfills for the regions covered or not by waste collection services. Home composting and the biowaste losses are further assessed based on several scenarios (worse-case, pessimistic, realistic, optimistic) where the net loads of greenhouse gasses (GHG) are calculated at national and regional levels. The transition of home composting techniques, from open piles to plastic bins with respect to standard guidelines will improve the home composting performance in terms of compost quality and net GHG's savings, supporting a bio-based economy which will lead towards a sustainable rural development. Regional disparities are revealed across Romanian counties and the paper opens new research perspectives regarding which options should be adopted by counties and rural municipalities in the biowaste management process.

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Urban and Rural MSW Stream Characterization for Separate Collection Improvement

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Rural plastic emissions into the largestmountain lake of the Eastern Carpathians

Rural plastic emissions into the largestmountain lake of the Eastern Carpathians

Energy recovery from Municipal Solid Waste in EU: proposals to assess the management performance under a circular economy perspective

Assessment of biowaste losses through unsound waste management practices in rural areas and the role of home composting

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