Urban and agricultural wastes for use as mulches on avocado and citrus and for delivery of microbial biocontrol agents

Casale, W. L.; Minassian, V.; Menge, J. A.; Lovatt, Carrol J.; Pond, E.; Johnson, E. L. V.; Guillemet, F.B.

doi:10.1080/14620316.1995.11515303

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…These results are consistent with many other studies that report increases in soil OM after the addition of compost materials (Curtis and Claassen, 2009;Ingelmo et al, 1998;Landschoot and McNitt, 1994;Wright et al, 2007). Manures and manure-based compost typically contain lower amounts of lignin and higher amounts of cellulose (and other more labile C forms) than composts derived from woody plant materials (Casale et al, 1995;Litvany and Ozores-Hampton, 2002), suggesting that C in these composted manures would be a readily available energy source for soil microbes. Therefore, we hypothesize that the low lignin content of the composted dairy manure solids used in our study, coupled with the warm, wet conditions that are common in Florida, allowed for rapid oxidation of C after the compost was applied to the soil.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

Loper¹,

Shober²,

Wiese³

et al. 2010

horts

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The urban soil environment is usually not conducive to healthy root growth and function, leading to problems with plant establishment, growth, and aesthetic quality. The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of compost with or without the application of shallow tillage or aeration will improve soil physical and chemical properties and plant growth compared with an unamended control in simulated new residential landscapes. Twenty-four mixed landscape plots were established in a randomized complete block design to simulate new residential landscapes. Each plot was constructed using 10 cm of subsoil fill material over a compacted field soil and planted with Stenotaphrum secundatum and mixed ornamental plant species. Composted dairy manure solids were applied as an organic soil amendment at a depth of 5 cm (≈256 Mg·ha−1) in combination with two mechanical soil treatments (tillage to 15 cm and plug aeration) for a total of five soil management treatments plus an untreated control. Soil physical and chemical properties, plant growth, and quality and plant tissue nutrient concentrations were assessed periodically to determine the effect of soil treatment on soil and plant quality. Applications of compost to soils significantly reduced soil bulk density and pH and increased soil organic matter, electrical conductivity, and Mehlich-1 phosphorus and potassium concentrations. All ornamental plant species, with the exception of Raphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. ex Ker Gawl., exhibited more growth when grown in soils amended with composted dairy manure solids. In most instances, plant tissue nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were higher for plants grown in soils receiving compost. Results of our study suggested that the addition of composted dairy manure solids to soils can improve soil properties and enhance plant growth in residential landscapes when sandy fill soils are used. In contrast, shallow tillage and aeration had little effect on soil properties or plant growth.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

Loper¹,

Shober²,

Wiese³

et al. 2010

horts

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“…Dentre os fatores que podem explicar a supressividade a P. nicotianae, a presença de compostos tóxicos devido aos processos de decomposição da matéria orgânica adicionada ao solo é uma delas. Esses efeitos têm sido reportados por vários autores para diversos patógenos, usando diferentes fontes de matéria orgânica (Hoitink et al, 1977;Casale et al, 1995;Blok et al, 2000). No presente trabalho, foram obtidas inibições do crescimento in vitro de colônias do patógeno quando colocado a crescer em meio de cultura acrescentado com extratos ácidos (Tabela 3), coincidente com os resultados obtidos por Widmer et al (1998), sugerindo um possível efeito químico na indução de supressividade.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Uma alternativa é o uso de matéria orgânica tanto incorporada ao solo, quanto empregada como cobertura e como veículo de agentes de biocontrole, a qual contribui no controle dos patógenos pelo estímulo da atividade microbiana e melhora das características físicas e químicas do solo (Casale et al, 1995;Erwin & Ribeiro, 1996;Hoitink & Bohem, 1999). Diversos estudos têm sido realizados para o manejo de Phytophthora spp.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Efeito do lodo de esgoto na indução de supressividade in vitro a Phytophthora nicotianae

Leoni

Ghini

2003

Fitopatol. bras.

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Uma alternativa de manejo das doenças causadas por Phytophthora spp. é o uso de matéria orgânica. No presente trabalho foi avaliada a potencialidade do lodo de esgoto na indução de supressividade in vitro a P. nicotianae. O efeito do lodo de esgoto incorporado ao solo na sobrevivência de P. nicotianae foi avaliado mediante um experimento fatorial com dois fatores: doses de lodo de esgoto (0, 10, 20 e 40% p/p) e concentrações de inóculo [0, 10 ou 20 g de grãos de trigo (Triticum aestivum) colonizados kg-1]. Aos 21 dias, quando aumentaram as doses de lodo de esgoto, a sobrevivência de P. nicotianae e os pHs das misturas diminuíram, e as condutividades elétricas (CE) aumentaram. As correlações entre a CE e a sobrevivência do patógeno foram negativas e significativas (P>0,05). Para estudar o efeito dos compostos químicos envolvidos na supressividade, foram obtidos extratos em água, H2SO4 2N e KOH 0,4N de misturas de areia – lodo de esgoto (20% p/p), e foram acrescentados ao meio de cultura e seu efeito avaliado no crescimento das colônias de P. nicotianae. O extrato ácido (H2SO4 2N) do tratamento com 20% de lodo de esgoto inibiu significativamente (P>0,05) o crescimento da colônia do patógeno. O efeito biológico foi estudado mediante isolamento de microrganismos em meio de cultura e seleção por antagonismo. No bioensaio com plântulas de alfafa (Medicago sativa) destacaram-se os isolados F9.1 (Aspergillus sp.) e A12.1 (actinomiceto, não identificado); e no teste de culturas pareadas destacou-se um Trichoderma sp. e dois actinomicetos por antibiose, e um Trichoderma sp. e três Aspergillus sp. por hiperparasitismo.

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“…Moreover, some nitrogenous fertilizer can be leached to the underground water causing environmental pollution. Pollutants are transferred through the plants to human & animals and causes serious diseases.Thus,environmental pollution as a result of exaggeration in the application of chemical fertilizers is reported by (NiJJar, 1985, Casale et al, 1995and Ram Rao et al, 2007.Recently, great attention has been focused on the possibility of using organic and bio fertilizers for enhancing growth & fruit quality and depressing pollution occurring in the Egyptian environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Fruit Nitrate and Nitrite Content of Zaghloul Date Palm as Affected by Mineral,Organic and Bio Nitrogen Fertilization Treatments

2013

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal: An International Quarterly

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Urban and agricultural wastes for use as mulches on avocado and citrus and for delivery of microbial biocontrol agents

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

Efeito do lodo de esgoto na indução de supressividade in vitro a Phytophthora nicotianae

Yield and Fruit Nitrate and Nitrite Content of Zaghloul Date Palm as Affected by Mineral,Organic and Bio Nitrogen Fertilization Treatments

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