Ur- und frühgeschichtliche Siedlungsdynamiken zwischen Gunst- und Ungunsträumen in Südwestdeutschland. Landschaftsarchäologische Untersuchungen zur Baar und den angrenzenden Naturräumen des Schwarzwaldes und der Schwäbischen Alb

Miera, Jan Johannes

doi:10.15496/publikation-45820

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“…However, although such studies often show a high temporal resolution, upscaling is difficult and they hardly give information about spatial patterns of former human activity. (ii) Spatially resolved information can be obtained by the systematic study of regional settlement patterns based on archaeological data [ 9 – 12 ]. In Germany, a systematic recording of prehistoric sites in inventories, catalogues and maps started at the beginning of the 20th century against the background of an increasing institutionalisation of archaeological research and heritage management [ 13 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the methods applied have been improved: (1) additional terrain covariates are used to investigate settlement patterns. Until today, the most frequently studied terrain covariates include elevation, relief position, slope, exposition, distance to rivers, precipitation, temperature and soil varieties [ 12 , 29 ]. Occasionally, soil fertility, usable field capacity as well as cation exchange capacity and the suitability of a soil for ploughing are taken into account as well [ 30 – 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, comparisons of archaeological site distributions to random point distributions as well as (predictive) modelling approaches are applied to the study of former settlement dynamics [ 11 , 37 , 41 – 43 ]. (4) Finally, there was a shift from spatial analyses based on point coordinates to studies based either on Site-Catchment Analysis or Site Exploitation Territories (SET) [ 12 , 44 – 51 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to now, a large number of diachronic studies dealing with long-term human-environment interactions between the Neolithic and the Middle Ages has been carried out ( Fig 1 ). However, these are distributed unevenly across Germany, with a focus on landscapes along the rivers Danube [ 10 , 12 , 52 , 53 ] and Main [ 9 , 29 , 54 , 55 ] as well as in Central Germany [ 33 , 41 , 56 , 57 ]. So far, only one such study has been carried out in the Northern German Plain [ 58 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, only one such study has been carried out in the Northern German Plain [ 58 ]. Aside from their uneven spatial distribution, it is striking that most studies hardly refer to each other, e. g. regional results are rarely discussed in the context of supra-regional developments [ 10 , 12 , 29 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large-scale investigations of Neolithic settlement dynamics in Central Germany based on machine learning analysis: A case study from the Weiße Elster river catchment

et al. 2022

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The paper investigates potentials and challenges during the interpretation of prehistoric settlement dynamics based on large archaeological datasets. Exemplarily, this is carried out using a database of 1365 Neolithic sites in the Weiße Elster river catchment in Central Germany located between the southernmost part of the Northern German Plain and the Central Uplands. The recorded sites are systematically pre-processed with regard to their chronology, functional interpretation and spatial delineation. The quality of the dataset is reviewed by analyzing site distributions with respect to field surveys and modern land use. The Random Forests machine learning algorithm is used to examine the impact of terrain covariates on the depth of sites and pottery preservation. Neolithic settlement dynamics are studied using Site Exploitation Territories, and site frequencies per century are used to compare the intensity of land use with adjacent landscapes. The results show that the main trends of the Neolithic settlement dynamics can be derived from the dataset. However, Random Forests analyses indicate poor pottery preservation in the Central Uplands and a superimposition of Neolithic sites in the southernmost part of the Northern German Plain. Throughout the Neolithic the margins between soils on loess and the Weiße Elster floodplain were continuously settled, whereas only Early and Late Neolithic land use also extended into the Central Uplands. These settlement patterns are reflected in the results of the Site Exploitation Territories analyses and explained with environmental economic factors. Similar with adjacent landscapes the Middle Neolithic site frequency is lower compared to earlier and later periods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%