Upwarped high velocity mafic crust, subsurface tectonics and causes of intraplate Latur-Killari (M 6.2) and Koyna (M 6.3) earthquakes, India – A comparative study

Pandey, O.P.; Chandrakala, K.; Parthasarathy, G.; Reddy, P. R.; Reddy, G. K.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.11.014

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In view of these uncertainties, an integrated multiparametric geological study on the basement core samples was undertaken. Initial results (Pandey et al 2009a) indicated that the basement may be made up of amphibolite-granulite facies intermediate rocks, containing about 2 wt% of CO 2 ; however, the source of such CO 2 was not known.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SGT refers to Southern Granulite Terrain Fig. 2 Depth of the analyzed samples from KLR-1 borehole drilled in the epicentral zone of 1993 Killari earthquake formation of amphiboles from pyroxenes (Pandey et al 2009a). KIL-2: This plagioclase-dominating high-density (2.85 g/cm 3 ) rock is some what similar to KIl-1 in which plagioclase phenocrysts are characterized by saussuritized rims.…”

Section: Geologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the compositional and mineralogical nature of the crystalline basement were not known till a recent report by Pandey et al (2009a) which suggested that the basement rocks are made up of relatively high-velocity/density intermediate ambhibolite-granulite facies rocks, containing 2 wt% of CO 2 . In order to verify the preliminary report of Pandey et al (2009a), we have carried out detailed geological, geochemical and mineralogical investigations on 7 basement samples obtained from the depth range between 351.7 and 592.2 m (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Tripathi

Parthasarathy

Ahmad

et al. 2011

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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We report here for the first time geochemical, mineralogical and stable carbon and oxygen isotopic data on the crystalline basement rocks of the 1993 Killari earthquake region of Maharashtra (India), which is covered by a thick suite of Deccan volcanics. Our results revealed the hitherto unknown amphibolite-granulite nature of the 2.5 Ga basement, which contains 2.00-2.28 wt% of CO 2 . The stable carbon (d 13 C) and oxygen (d 18 O) isotopic measurements on carbonates separated from two basement samples KIL-13 (440.5 m depth) and KIL-20 (499.6 m depth) collected from the KLR-1 borehole drilled in the epicentral region showed the respective values of -6.23 and -6.22% versus PDB for d 13 C and 7.94 and 8.11% versus SMOW for d 18 O. The samples plot in the primary igneous carbonatite field, indicating the mantle origin of the carbonates, derived through the process of mantle metasomatism from the deep mantle carbon reservoir. This would suggest large-scale crust-mantle thermal fluid interaction beneath the Killari seismogenic region, which is characterized by massive upwarping of the high-velocity mafic crust and retrograde metamorphism.

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Tripathi

Parthasarathy

Ahmad

et al. 2011

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…Measured heat flow in KLR-1 borehole is about 43 mW m −2 (Roy and Rao, 1999). We have also measured the heat generation in the vertical column of the crystalline basement encountered in KLR-1 borehole, between the depths 350 and 620 m, which represent mid crustal amphibolite-granulite facies rocks (Pandey et al, 2009). Average heat generation was found to be about 0.78 µW m −3 .…”

Section: Killari (Latur) Earthquake Region (India)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mid crustal heat generation is an important parameter in elucidation of thermal regime inside the earth, which cannot be measured directly. However, in order to understand the genesis of 1993 Killari earthquake (M w = 6.3), a 617 m deep borehole (KLR-1) was drilled in the epicentral region that penetrated 280 m of late Archean mid crustal amphibolite -granulite facies basement beneath 338 m of Deccan volcanic rocks (Pandey et al, 2009). An attempt was made to measure the radio elemental concentration of the basement samples in the laboratory by ICP-MS and XRF instrument.…”

Section: Adopted Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting heat flow in the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub>=7.7) region of Kachchh (Western India), using an inverse recurrence method

Vedanti

Pandey

Srivastava

et al. 2011

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. Terrestrial heat flow is considered an important parameter in studying the regional geotectonic and geodynamic evolutionary history of any region. However, its distribution is still very uneven. There is hardly any information available for many geodynamically important areas. In the present study, we provide a methodology to predict the surface heat flow in areas, where detailed seismic information such as depth to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) and crustal structure is known. The tool was first tested in several geotectonic blocks around the world and then used to predict the surface heat flow for the 2001 Bhuj earthquake region of Kachchh, India, which has been seismically active since historical times and where aftershock activity is still continuing nine years after the 2001 main event. Surface heat flow for this region is estimated to be about 61.3 mW m −2 . Beneath this region, heat flow input from the mantle as well as the temperatures at the Moho are quite high at around 44 mW m −2 and 630 • C, respectively, possibly due to thermal restructuring of the underlying crust and mantle lithosphere. In absence of conventional data, the proposed tool may be used to estimate a first order heat flow in continental regions for geotectonic studies, as it is also unaffected by the subsurface climatic perturbations that percolate even up to 2000 m depth.

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Presence of infratrappean Gondwana sediments below Deccan volcanic covered 1993 Killari earthquake region, Maharashtra (India) and geodynamical instability of the south Indian craton

et al. 2023

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KLR‐1 scientific deep borehole, drilled in the 1993 Killari earthquake region of Maharashtra (India), penetrated 8 m thick infratrappean sediments below a 338 m‐thick column of Deccan volcanics that rested over Neoarchean amphibolite to granulite facies mid‐crustal basement. Detailed palynological studies revealed the presence of characteristic Gondwana palynomorphs in sedimentary succession that include Plicatipollenites indicus, P. trigonalis, Parasaccites korbaensis, P. diffusus, Microbaculispora indica, Cyclobaculisporites minimus, Cyclogranisporites barakarensis, C. gondwanensis, Jayantisporites pseudozonatus, Leiosphaeridia bokaroensis, Latosporites sp., Verrucosisporites sp., cf. V. ambiplicatus and Striatopodocarpites gondwanensis. Qualitative analyses of palynomorphs would suggest an Asselian age (298–295 Ma) for their formation and burial in dysoxic to anoxic conditions. Recorded palynological assemblages correlate well with continental Lower Gondwana (Early Permian) sediments of India, as well as other Gondwana continents, indicating a larger extent of Gondwana sedimentation than hitherto known today. Petrological studies indicate the presence of two types of carbonate units that overly the crystalline basement. A relatively coarse‐grained sparry carbonate rock immediately overlies the basement (Sample KIL‐7). The size of the carbonate crystals in the sparite vary from 100 to 500 μm. This unit is overlain by an extremely fine‐grained micrite resembling lime mud (Sample KIL‐6). Micrite is made of carbonate grains with an average size of 10 μm. X‐ray diffraction studies indicate that calcite is the dominant carbonate mineral, while dolomite and quartz occur in minor amounts. Geochemical analyses indicate that in these two samples of carbonate rock that overlie the basement, CaO (33.38 to 38.16 wt %) is higher than MgO (16.0–23.85 wt%). These infratrappeans sediments are also characterized by stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopic ratios ranging from −1.59 to −8.74‰ and −9.12 to −13.50‰ versus PDB, respectively, thereby conforming to non‐marine fresh water deposits. These findings provide first evidences of reactivation and rifting of Dharwar intracratonic regions during earliest Permian Gondwana Period, which led to severe lithospheric mantle destruction, and massive regional uplift and erosion of the granitic‐gneissic upper crust. Large scale inland‐rifting during the Gondwana sedimentation period was possibly a prelude to India‐Antarctic breakup during the early Cretaceous.

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Upwarped high velocity mafic crust, subsurface tectonics and causes of intraplate Latur-Killari (M 6.2) and Koyna (M 6.3) earthquakes, India – A comparative study

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Predicting heat flow in the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub>=7.7) region of Kachchh (Western India), using an inverse recurrence method

Presence of infratrappean Gondwana sediments below Deccan volcanic covered 1993 Killari earthquake region, Maharashtra (India) and geodynamical instability of the south Indian craton

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Upwarped high velocity mafic crust, subsurface tectonics and causes of intraplate Latur-Killari (M 6.2) and Koyna (M 6.3) earthquakes, India – A comparative study

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Mantle-derived fluids in the basement of the Deccan Trap: evidence from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonates from the Killari borehole basement, Maharashtra, India

Predicting heat flow in the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt;=7.7) region of Kachchh (Western India), using an inverse recurrence method

Presence of infratrappean Gondwana sediments below Deccan volcanic covered 1993 Killari earthquake region, Maharashtra (India) and geodynamical instability of the south Indian craton

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Predicting heat flow in the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub>=7.7) region of Kachchh (Western India), using an inverse recurrence method