Upward-Pointing Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed with ANITA

Romero-Wolf, Andrés; Gorham, P. W.; Nam, J. W.; Hoover, S.; Allison, P.; Banerjee, O.; Batten, L.; Beatty, J. J.; Belov, K.; Besson, D. Z.; Binns, W. R.; Bugaev, V.; Cao, Pinlu; Chen, C.; Chen, P.; Clem, J.; Connolly, A.; Dailey, B.; Deaconu, C.; Cremonesi, L.; Dowkontt, P. F.; DuVernois, M. A.; Fox, B. D.; Goldstein, David J.; Gordon, J.; Hast, C.; Hébert, Christian; Hill, B.; Hughes, K.; Hupe, R.; Israel, M. H.; Javaid, A.; Kowalski, J.; Lam, J.; Ludwig, Andrew; Learned, J. G.; Liewer, K. M.; Liu, T. C.; Link, J. T.; Lusczek, Elizabeth R.; Matsuno, S.; Mercurio, B. C.; Miki, C.; Miočinović, P.; Mottram, M.; Mulrey, K.; Naudet, C. J.; Ng, J.; Nichol, R. J.; Novikov, Alexander; Palladino, K. J.; Prohira, S.; Rauch, B. F.; Reil, K.; Roberts, Jason; Rosen, M.; Rotter, B.; Russell, John Wellesley; Ruckman, L.; Saltzberg, D.; Seckel, D.; Stockham, J.; Stockham, M.; Strutt, B.; Tatem, K.; Varner, G.; Vieregg, A. G.; Walz, D.; Wissel, Stephanie; Wu, Fei; Álvarez-Muñiz, J.; Carvalho, W. Rodrigues de; Schoorlemmer, H.; Zas, E.

doi:10.22323/1.301.0935

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, some cosmic ray experiments have been collecting data for more than 10 years, whereas ANITA has collected data over three balloon flights to yield a total live time of 53 days [2,10]. Consequently, the exposures of cosmic ray facilities to detect SM neutrino interactions near the horizon exceed that of ANITA by about a factor of 60 [11]. Hence, SM neutrino event rates at these experiments should exceed that of ANITA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgoing ANITA events as evidence of the CPT symmetric universe

Anchordoqui

Barger²,

Learned³

et al. 2018

LHEP

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We explain the two upgoing ultra-high energy shower events observed by ANITA as arising from the decay in the Earth's interior of the quasi-stable dark matter candidate in the CPT symmetric universe. The dark matter particle is a 480 PeV right-handed neutrino that decays into a Higgs boson and a light Majorana neutrino. The latter interacts in the Earth's crust to produce a τ lepton that in turn initiates an atmospheric upgoing shower. The fact that both events emerge at the same angle from the Antarctic ice-cap suggests an atypical dark matter density distribution in the Earth.

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confidence: 99%

Upgoing ANITA events as evidence of the CPT symmetric universe

Anchordoqui

Barger²,

Learned³

et al. 2018

LHEP

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“…Perturbativity Big-Bang Nucl. long-lived boosted particles interacting in the Earth with the electro-weak sector could explain anomalous up-going events seen by both the IceCube and ANITA collaborations [102,103]. Such considerations are model dependent and are not explored in this paper.…”

Section: Inflationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Inflaton portal to a highly decoupled EeV dark matter particle

Heurtier

Huang

2019

Phys. Rev. D

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We explore the possibility that the dark-matter relic abundance is generated in a context where the inflaton is the only mediator between the visible and the hidden sectors of our universe. Due to the relatively large mass of the inflaton field, such a portal leads to an extremely feeble interaction between the dark and the visible sectors suggesting that the dark sector cannot reach any thermal equilibrium with the visible sector. After the two sectors are populated by the decay of the inflaton, a heavy dark-matter particle thermally decouples within the dark sector. Later, a lighter dark particle, whose decay width is naturally suppressed by the inflaton propagator, decays into the visible sector after it dominates the energy density of universe. This process dilutes the dark-matter relic density by injecting entropy in the visible sector. We show that an inflaton mass of O(10 13 ) GeV together with couplings of order one are fully compatible with a dark-matter relic abundance Ωh 2 ∼ 0.1. As a general feature of the model, the entropy dilution mechanism is accompanied by a period of early matter domination, which modifies the amount of e-folds of inflation necessary to accommodate Planck data. Moreover, the coupling of the inflaton to the dark and visible sectors brings loop contributions to the inflationary potential which can destabilize the inflation trajectory. Considering all these complementary constraints, we show that, in the context of a plateau-inflation scenario such as the α-attractor model, the inflaton can constitute a viable mediator between the visible sector and a ∼ 10 EeV dark-matter candidate. Furthermore, we show that improved constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio and spectral index could potentially rule out dark-matter scenarios of this sort in the future. *

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“…The realistic geometric area estimation requires the dedicated Monte Carlo simulation, and we simply assume a constant geometric area of 4 km 2 for all emergence angles to proceed our estimation. Simulations show that the τ -lepton decay shower from larger zenith angle would have smaller impulse power [43], thus the steep shower seems more likely to be detected by ANITA than the Earth-skimming shower in the realistic case. The flux of the EeV ν 4 is bounded by the IceCube observation as dΦ ν 4 /dΩ 2 × 10 −15 [0.1/ sin θ] 2 cm −2 s −1 sr −1 , note that the flux limit is relaxed by the mixing angle suppression.…”

Section: Anita Events Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sterile neutrinos as a possible explanation for the upward air shower events at ANITA

Huang

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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The ANITA experiment has observed two unusual upgoing air shower events which are consistent with the τ -lepton decay origin. However, these events are in contradiction with the standard neutrino-matter interaction models as well as the EeV diffuse neutrino flux limits set by the IceCube and the cosmic ray facilities like AUGER. In this paper, we have reinvestigated the possibility of using sterile neutrino hypothesis to explain the ANITA anomalous events. The diffuse flux of the sterile neutrinos is less constrained by the IceCube and AUGER experiments due to the small active-sterile mixing suppression. The quantum decoherence effect should be included for describing the neutrino flux propagating in the Earth matter, because the interactions between neutrinos and the Earth matter are very strong at the EeV scale. After several experimental approximations, we show that the ANITA anomaly itself is able to be explained by the sterile neutrino origin, but we also predict that the IceCube observatory should have more events than ANITA. It makes the sterile neutrino origin very unlikely to account for both of them simultaneously. A more solid conclusion can be drawn by the dedicated ANITA signal simulations.

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Upward-Pointing Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed with ANITA

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Upgoing ANITA events as evidence of the CPT symmetric universe

Upgoing ANITA events as evidence of the CPT symmetric universe

Inflaton portal to a highly decoupled EeV dark matter particle

Sterile neutrinos as a possible explanation for the upward air shower events at ANITA

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