Upward flame spread over thin solids in partial gravity

Feier, Ioan I.; Shih, Hsin-Yi; Sacksteder, Kurt R.; T’ien, James S.

doi:10.1016/s1540-7489(02)80313-3

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…3(a) are similar to the recent long-duration zerogravity experimental results aboard the International Space Station [8]. It is also known experimentally that steady upward spreads can and have been obtained in laboratory under reduced pressure [5,35,36] and in reduced gravity using narrow samples [37]. All of these conditions result in shortened flames.…”

Section: Time History Of Pyrolysis Front and Basesupporting

confidence: 84%

A three-dimensional transient model for flame growth and extinction in concurrent flows

Zhao

T’ien

2015

Combustion and Flame

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Section: Time History Of Pyrolysis Front and Basesupporting

confidence: 84%

A three-dimensional transient model for flame growth and extinction in concurrent flows

Zhao

T’ien

2015

Combustion and Flame

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“…The flame is longer at higher gravity level because the buoyancy-induced flows are increased in higher gravity. In the past, the consumption rate contour of 10 À4 g=cm 3 =sec is selected as the visible flame contour for comparison of flame length, and the flame length was found to be proportional to the first power of gravity by Jiang et al (1996) and Feier et al (2002). In Figure 3, the computed flame length indeed increases approximately linearly with gravity level but with different slopes in ambient pressure.…”

Section: Pressure and Gravity Effects On Flame Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed flame structures of upward spread in partial gravity at one atmospheric pressure have been obtained in the past with the model simulations using gravity as a parameter (Feier et al, 2002;Jiang et al, 1996). The computed fuel consumption rate contours give the best indication of a visible flame.…”

Section: Pressure and Gravity Effects On Flame Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the chance to perform experiments in airplane flying in parabolic trajectories, Feier et al (2002) investigated upward flame spreading over thin solids in reduced pressure, partial gravity environments. The flame was found to be small and steady for upward spreading over narrow samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The computations were made at the ambient pressure of one atmosphere with 15% oxygen percentage (balanced with nitrogen), and a quenching limit at low gravity were found. A three-dimensional model was developed recently by Feier et al (2002) to examine steady laminar flame spread and extinction over a narrow thin solid in purely buoyant flows at reduced pressures. The three-dimensional features of the upward flame spreading were presented, and the computed flame structures and spread rates for upward spreading flame over 2 cm-wide samples burned in 4 psia air (21% oxygen) at selected gravity levels (0.1, 0.16, 0.38, and 1 g e ) were compared with the experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Computed Flammability Limits and Spreading Rates of Upward Flame Spread over a Thin Solid in Low-Speed Buoyant Flows

Shih

2009

Combustion Science and Technology

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Upward flame spread over a thin solid in low-speed buoyant flows was studied numerically with a previous established two-dimensional model. In natural convective environments, steady flame spreading was achieved in partial gravity and reduced pressure. The effects of environmental parameters, including gravity level, ambient pressure, and oxygen percentage, on flame structures, flame spread rates, and flammability limits were investigated, especially for the pressure effects, as it was not previously examined in detail. At reduced pressure, flame is shorter but thicker. Flame length and upward flame spread rates increased with pressure to a power larger than unity. The spreading rates also increased linearly with gravity, with a slope depending on pressure. The extinction boundary using pressure and gravity level as coordinates were constructed and compared with limited available experimental results for the buoyant, reduced pressure flames.

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Concurrent flame spread over vertically oriented paper sheet: The effect of sample thickness

2021

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Summary Packing or printing paper made out of cellulose is widely produced and used in daily life. The thickness of thin material affects the burning process significantly. Concurrent flame spread is an effective approach when analyzing and evaluating the fire hazard for combustible materials. Conducting this work will provide further understanding of the flame spread mechanism and reduce fire hazard. It will also enable investigation of the effect of sample thickness on concurrent flame spreading over the thin paper sheets experimentally. Numerically examining concurrent flame spread over thin paper sheet with varied thicknesses is also performed using Direct Numerical Simulation, which can provide more details on flame spread process. Qualitatively, the model predictions agree reasonably with the experiment in terms of the flame contour, burn duration, and flame spread rate. The moving rates of the flame base and pyrolysis front decrease with sample thickness both experimentally and numerically. The relationship between net heat flux, flame standoff distance, and solid burning rate is analyzed, with the burning rate exhibiting a similar trend to that of the net heat flux. A correlation of the flame net heat flux with the normalized distance in the pyrolysis region is also established where the flame heat flux displays a decay trend with the normalized space.

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Upward flame spread over thin solids in partial gravity

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

A three-dimensional transient model for flame growth and extinction in concurrent flows

A three-dimensional transient model for flame growth and extinction in concurrent flows

Computed Flammability Limits and Spreading Rates of Upward Flame Spread over a Thin Solid in Low-Speed Buoyant Flows

Concurrent flame spread over vertically oriented paper sheet: The effect of sample thickness

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