Uptake zones for phosphorus in spring by pasture on different strata within a hill paddock

Gillingham, A. G.; Tillman, R. W.; Gregg, P. E. H.; Syers, J. K.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1980.10417846

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thirdly, topography or other site conditions can exert differential effects on grazing and excretion behaviour, leading to zonal heterogeneity in nutrient distribution (Jewell et al 2007;Auerswald et al 2009) (=landscape-scale nutrient redistribution). Cows usually prefer flat zones as campsites and visit more inclined zones only for grazing (Gillingham et al 1980;Arnold 1981;Rowarth et al 1992;Jewell et al 2007). However, abiotic factors such as geomorphic and fluvial processes can also create topographic variation in soil organic matter and nutrient stocks (Jenny 1980;Burke et al 1999;Augustine and Frank 2001), potentially modifying the effect of large herbivores on soil nutrient distribution in grazed landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient redistribution by grazing cattle drives patterns of topsoil N and P stocks in a low-input pasture ecosystem

Schnyder

Locher

Auerswald

2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Nutrient cycles in grassland often involve net transfers from some areas to others. Here, we analyse patterns of N and P transfers by cattle in two grazing periods, and their relationships to soil P and N stocks in an unfertilised old pasture with a history of [50 years grazing. Net transfers were assessed from spatial patterns of nutrient ingestion and excretion. Total soil N and P were determined at 0-5, 5-10, 10-30 and 30-60 cm. All analyses were performed with a spatial resolution of 10 9 10 m 2 or higher. Data were geostatistically interpolated. Nutrients accumulated in the flat crest zone and were depleted in the steeper areas. Nutrient ingestion was less and excretion higher in the accumulation zone (and vice versa in the depletion zone) revealing that both components of grazer-driven net transfers of nutrients promoted the development of accumulation/depletion zones. Topsoil stocks of N and P were closely correlated with excreta density and net transfers of N (P \ 0.001), whereas N and P at 30-60 cm displayed only weak or no correlation. Redistribution involved a small fraction of the soil stocks: nutrients grazed in two periods were equivalent to 0.8% of N and 0.2% of P of the whole pasture (0-60 cm). These factors suggest that topsoil nutrient distribution was modified by long-term stable patterns of net transfers of nutrients. The excess of N in the accumulation zone (N in accumulation zone minus N in depletion zone, in 0-60 cm) was 11 times larger than that of annual (i.e. short-term) net transfers; but for P, it was 30 times larger. This contrast likely derived from leaching/ volatilization losses of N in the accumulation zone and only small inputs of biologically fixed N in the depletion zone. The nitrogen status of vegetation (Nitrogen Nutrition Index) had a strong effect on herbage production throughout the pasture, while the Phosphorus Nutrition Index indicated no limitation, except in urine patches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient redistribution by grazing cattle drives patterns of topsoil N and P stocks in a low-input pasture ecosystem

Schnyder

Locher

Auerswald

2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…Phosphorus (P) uptake by developed pasture is chiefly from the surface soil (Newbould et al 1971;Jackman & Mouat 1972b;Harries et al 1974;Gillingham et al 1980), where virtually all plantavailable P is concentrated. P accumulates in the surface 2-3 cm of soil as a result of cycling processes, fertiliser application to the soil surface, and the very slow rate ofP diffusion in soils (Ozanne 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate absorption by white clover stolons in pasture

Hay¹,

Dunlop²

1982

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Grasslands Division, DSIR, Private Bag, Palmerston North, New Zealand U ptak~ of 32p by Trifoliu,!! repens L. 'Grasslands Huia' stolons from felt pads saturated wIth labelled r so~utlOn was measured in th~ field. Distribution of activity along sto~ons was heavIly bIased towards the stolon tIp rather than to the basal side of the pom~ of supply,. and concentrations of activity were associated with active lateral menstems. ThIS was taken as evidence that white clover could absorb P through its stolons from P solutions over the concentration range 10 /LM to 1.0 M.

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“…Runoff from steep intertrack slopes can collect on lower tracks and after infiltration may contribute to soil moisture storage and pasture growth downslope. This pattern of uptake by pasture on slopes has been measured using a phosphorus isotope placed under track zones (Gillingham et al 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A soil water balance model for sloping land

Bircham¹,

Gillingham²

1986

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Simulation models of soil water balance for flat land are not applicable to hill soils, principally because on the latter sites significant runoff can occur before the soil reaches field capacity. Part of the data from regular measurements of topsoil (0-75 mm depth) moisture content over a 3-year period on the north aspect of a steepland yellow-brown earth soil was used to construct a simulation model which described changes in soil moisture to 150 mm depth during the year. Similar data collected on a south aspect of the soil and also on north and south aspects of a yellowbrown loam hill soil were used to evaluate the model. A 4-layer model was developed in which the rate of soil rewetting was empirically limited according to soil moisture content and evapotranspiration rate was primarily soil-controlled. Predicted topsoil moisture levels provided similar, but generally lower values compared to actual levels especially during the summer to late winter period: The greater discrepancy during early spring could be attributed to the role of unaccounted-for subsurface flow downslope and/or rapid infiltration bypassing surface layers but contributing to actual moisture levels below the soil surface. Despite these limitations the modelling exercise enabled 2 major conclusions to be drawn which were not previously apparent. First, because of the low storage capacity of these soils the availability of moisture to pasture was highly dependent on rewetting frequency rather than total rainfall and, second, as a result of this, probably less than 50% of the total annual rainfall was involved in replenishing soil moisture at plantavailable depths.

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Uptake zones for phosphorus in spring by pasture on different strata within a hill paddock

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Nutrient redistribution by grazing cattle drives patterns of topsoil N and P stocks in a low-input pasture ecosystem

Nutrient redistribution by grazing cattle drives patterns of topsoil N and P stocks in a low-input pasture ecosystem

Phosphate absorption by white clover stolons in pasture

A soil water balance model for sloping land

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