Uptake of <sup>32</sup>P labelled phosphate by clover and ryegrass growing in mixed swards with different nitrogen treatments

Goodman, P. J.; Collison, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1981.tb00782.x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Within our simple P balance, no uptake of P from deeper layers is taken into account. Although most of the rooting and P uptake will take place in the top 10 cm of the soil considered, grass-clover can take up P also from deeper layers (Goodman and Collison, 1981). This means that our closed P balance is partly due to uptake of P from deeper layers, compensating for the leaching of P from the topsoil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Timmermans

Eekeren

2016

J. Environ. Qual.

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In the development of the Dutch National Ecological Network, many hectares of arable land are converted to nature areas to protect plant and animal species. This encompasses development of species-rich grasslands. On former agricultural land on sandy soils, this development is often hampered by relatively high phosphorus (P) levels, which also cause eutrophication. Standard practices to decrease the amount of P are either topsoil removal or long-term mowing of low-yielding established grassland. Both methods have disadvantages, and there is a need for additional techniques. As an alternative, phytoextraction ("mining") of soil P has been proposed. We tested a new technique of mining without mineral N fertilizer by cropping an intensively mown grass-clover with potassium (K) fertilization that could potentially be used as cattle feed. A long-term field experiment was conducted, comparing soil P removal by grass-clover swards with and without supplementary K fertilization on a sandy soil. During the experiment, which ran from 2002 to 2009, soil P levels and nutrient contents of grass-clover were measured, and P and K balances were calculated. Our results show that grass-clover with K fertilization removed excess soil P (also at lower P levels) at a relatively high rate (34 kg P ha −1 yr −1, significantly higher than without K fertilization; P < 0.05) and produced reasonable yields of grass-clover. Our P balance suggested reduced leaching from the topsoil during this experiment. For nature restoration in agricultural areas, this tool opens many possibilities. Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-FertilizedGrass-Clover Swards Bart G. H. Timmermans* and Nick van Eekeren O n a global scale, awareness is growing that the amount of phosphorus (P) available for fertilizer production and crop growth is limited and that a potential P crisis is looming (Abelson, 1999;Herring and Fantel, 1993). At the same time, some western European countries, including The Netherlands, are having problems with excessive P levels in agricultural soils. In The Netherlands, an extensive network of green corridors, called the National Ecological Network, is being implemented (Bakker et al., 2015). The idea originated in the 1990s and aims to protect species of animals and plants. The National Ecological Network encompasses various types of nature areas. In this context, many hectares of arable land have been transferred to nature reservations, and many more are planned (originally the plan was to implement 728,500 ha in 2018, but the ambition has decreased somewhat in terms of area and planning). In most of these former agricultural soils, long-term applications of fertilizers and animal manure in the past, which were stopped after land acquisition by nature organizations, have led to an imbalance in the levels of soil nutrients. Although these soils often have high levels of relatively immobile soil P, the more mobile nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) have often become suboptimal according to agricultural standards because of ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Timmermans

Eekeren

2016

J. Environ. Qual.

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“…DeWit, Tow & Ennik (1966) described similar results when ryegrass and white clover were grown in containers at various water tables. RYT values may also exceed unity when plants in a mixture are competing for different resources, in different soil zones or at different times (Remison & Snaydon 1980); it is possible that, as in the field experiments of Goodman & Collison (1981), phosphate was being absorbed from different soil horizons by the two species. RYT values may also exceed unity when plants in a mixture are competing for different resources, in different soil zones or at different times (Remison & Snaydon 1980); it is possible that, as in the field experiments of Goodman & Collison (1981), phosphate was being absorbed from different soil horizons by the two species.…”

Section: Yields Of Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Drought on Growth and Competitive Ability of Perennial Ryegrass and White Clover

Thomas¹

1984

The Journal of Applied Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. This content downloaded from 128. SUMMARY(1) Lolium perenne cv. S.23 (a late flowering perennial ryegrass), Trifolium repens cv. S. 184 (a small-leaved, wild-type white clover) and T. repens cv. Olwen (a large-leaved white clover) were grown in containers in the glasshouse as monocultures and as mixtures of grass and clover.(2) Droughting 28-56 days after sowing reduced the shoot growth of grass and clover monocultures equally, but affected covers more than ryegrass in mixtures, possibly because the clover had much smaller systems than the grass.(3) Droughting 4-5 months after sowing reduced cut-herbage weights (but not total shoot weights) of the covers more than those of the grass. The small-leaved clover became so small that it almost completely avoided defoliation at the end of drought; the remaining stubble weights were much greater than in control plants.(4) Herbage regrowth of the large-leaved clover was unaffected by previous drought and that of the ryegrass was slightly increased. Regrowth of previously droughted small-leaved clover from the heavy, densely-rooted stubble was twice that of the controls. In previously droughted mixtures, clover regrowth was less suppressed by grass than in continuously watered mixtures.(5) It is concluded that, during drought in the field, the clover content of mixed swards might be maintained by frequent defoliation. The competitive ability of clover during drought might be improved by breeding for greater root density and for the ability to adopt a low, defoliation-avoiding habit during dry weather.

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“…Die implikasie is dat beter verspreiding van die klawer oor die grondoppervlakte tot verlaagde interplantkompetisie gelei het wat, in die afwesigheid van sterk kompetisie van die stikstofgebrekkige gras, tot beter benutting van die omgewing en dus tôt hoër opbrengste gelei het. Toediening van N-bemcsting het, deur stimulasie van die gras, tot die verwagtc onderdrukking van die klawer (Vallis, 1978;Goodman & Collison, 1981;Van den Berg et al, 1988) gelei. Hierdie onderdrukking was baie crger in die vermengde rye, wat dan ook tot 'n betekenisvolle interaksie tussen vermengingsmetode en N-toediening aanleiding gcgee het.…”

Section: Results Ate En Besprekingunclassified

Die invloed van stikstoftoediening, saaidigtheid en metode van vermenging van komponente op mengsels vanTrifolium vesiculosumenLolium multiflorum¹

Berg¹,

Kruger²,

Wassermann³

1990

Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa

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Uptake of ³²P labelled phosphate by clover and ryegrass growing in mixed swards with different nitrogen treatments

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Effects of Drought on Growth and Competitive Ability of Perennial Ryegrass and White Clover

Die invloed van stikstoftoediening, saaidigtheid en metode van vermenging van komponente op mengsels vanTrifolium vesiculosumenLolium multiflorum¹

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Uptake of 32P labelled phosphate by clover and ryegrass growing in mixed swards with different nitrogen treatments

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Phytoextraction of Soil Phosphorus by Potassium-Fertilized Grass-Clover Swards

Effects of Drought on Growth and Competitive Ability of Perennial Ryegrass and White Clover

Die invloed van stikstoftoediening, saaidigtheid en metode van vermenging van komponente op mengsels vanTrifolium vesiculosumenLolium multiflorum1

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Uptake of ³²P labelled phosphate by clover and ryegrass growing in mixed swards with different nitrogen treatments

Die invloed van stikstoftoediening, saaidigtheid en metode van vermenging van komponente op mengsels vanTrifolium vesiculosumenLolium multiflorum¹