Uptake of Minocycline and Tetracycline by Tetracycline-Susceptible and -Resistant Bacteria

Kuck, N. A.; Forbes, Martin

doi:10.1128/aac.3.6.662

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Resistance to tetracyclines in S. aureus has been shown to be correlated with a decreased uptake of tetracycline (Sompolinsky et al 1970;Kuck & Forbes, 1973). The strains studied by these two groups were invariably those in which resistance was determined by plasmidborne genes.…”

Section: S Aureus Tetracycline Resistance I39mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the semi-synthetic tetracycline, minocycline (7-dimethylamino-6-deoxytetracycline), has been reported to be active against many tetracyclineresistant strains of staphylococci (Fedorko, Katz, & Allnoch, 1968 ; Kuck & Forbes, I 973 ; Leigh & Simmons, 1974). Kuck & Forbes (1973) showed that a tetracycline-resistant, minocycline-sensitive strain of S. aureus, with a decreased uptake of tetracycline, continued to accumulate minocycline at an undiminished rate. Schaefler & Francois (1973) found that some tetracycline-resistant strains of staphylococci could mutate to resistance to minocycline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genetics of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Asheshov

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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Eighty-one strains of Staphylococcus aureus that appeared to be tetracycline resistant on the basis of a preliminary disc-diffusion test were examined for resistance to tetracycline and to the semi-synthetic tetracycline, minocycline. Minimum inhibitory concentration (m.i.c.) values for both drugs were determined after induction of the strains by growth for 2 h in sub-inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline. Forty-seven strains (58 %) had m.i.c. values for minocycline of 12-5 pg/ml or greater, and were considered to be minocycline resistant. An additional ten strains had m.i.c. values for minocycline of 3-125 to 6-25 ,ug/ml and were classified as low-level resistant strains. It appears, therefore, that a fairly high proportion of tetracycline-resistant strains isolated at the present time are resistant to concentrations of minocycline unattainable in vivo with the recommended dosage for this antibiotic (Frisk & Tunevall, 1969).Transductional analysis of the genetic determinants for tetracycline resistance revealed the existence of two types of resistance to high concentrations of tetracycline. Strains in the first category (A) were inducibly resistant to tetracycline but sensitive to minocycline; in these strains the resistance determinant was plasmid-borne. Strains in the second category (B) were resistant to both tetracycline and minocycline and had low induction ratios for tetracycline resistance ; the genetic determinant for resistance in these strains was chromosomal. In addition, certain strains in category A were found to carry a chromosomal gene controlling low-level resistance to tetracycline and minocycline. This low-level resistance to tetracycline was masked in the presence of the tetracycline plasmid but could be demonstrated after loss of the plasmid. The results suggest that more than one mechanism of resistance to tetracyclines may exist in staphylococci.

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Section: S Aureus Tetracycline Resistance I39mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Asheshov

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…The characteristics of plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistance in these bacteria are similar, in that resistance is usually inducible (Izaki, Kiuchi & Arima, 1966;Franklin, 1967;Sompolinsky et al 1970a Asheshov, 1975), and appears to result from decreased uptake of the antibiotic (Izaki et al 1966;Franklin, 1967;De Zeeuw, 1968;Sompolinsky et al 1g7oa;Avtalion et al 1971; Kuck & Forbes, 1973;Shipley & Olsen, 1974).…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in the Absence of Lipid Synthesis

Chopra¹

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…No such mutants could be obtained spontaneously or by mutagenesis from cells harboring the extrachromosomal tet resistance marker. The cause of the difference in resistance spectrum is not known, although differences in the accumulation of the two compounds could be at least partly responsible (17,33). Our inability to obtain minocycline-resistant mutants from a large number of S. aureus strains of the Tc phenotype could be explained by the requirement for a double mutation, a VOL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Experiments of Kuck and Forbes (17) with E. coli and Sompolinsky and Krausz (33) with S. aureus indicate that tetracycline-resistant cells which retain their susceptibility to minocycline show a decreased accumulation of tetracycline but retain the ability to accumulate minocycline. Resistance to both tetracycline and minocycline determined by some R factors (29,31) is accompanied by a decrease in the accumulation of both tetracycline and minocycline (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Minocycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Effect on Phage Susceptibility

Schaefler¹,

Francois²,

Ruby³

1976

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Tetracycline-resistant strains ofStaphylococcus aureus are minocycline sensitive, with the exception of strains susceptible to phages ofthe 83A/84/85 complex and some methicillin-resistant strains of other phage types. Strains of the 83A/ 84/85 complex yield mutants with increased mimocycline resistance. Transduction of minocycline resistance into the susceptible strain RN 450 was obtained with donor strains possessing either markers for both extrachromosomal tetracycline resistance (tet) and chromosomal tetracycline + minocycline resistance (tmn R), or only for chromosomal tmn R resistance. The chromosomal marker was differentiated from the extrachromosomal marker by the lack of detectable extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid after transfer into strain RN 450, transfer into a rec+ strain, lack of transfer into rec-acceptor strain, and cotransduction with chromosomal determinants for guanine biosynthesis. Both chromosomal and extrachromosomal tetracycline resistance can be induced by tetracycline. Induction by tetracycline of chromosomal tetracycline resistance resulted in simultaneous induction of minocycline resistance. The mutation toward increased minocycline resistance (tmn -) tmn R) is a regulatory mutation toward constitutivity or semiconstitutivity. Constitutive resistance is dominant in tmn R/tet diploids. Transfer of the tet marker does not affect the phage susceptibility of the acceptor strain. The tmn R marker, originating from donor strains of the 83A/84/85 complex, renders strain RN 450 resistant to several typing phages, with the exception ofphages ofthe 83A/84/85 complex. This could possibly account for the phage typing patterns ofminocycline-resistant staphylococci.In most instances tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria is extrachromosomal (21, 25). Chromosomal resistance has been reported for a methicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus (15) and Escherichia coli (8). The mechanism oftetracycline resistance in S. aureus and E. coli is still not fully understood. A decrease in the accumulation of tetracycline by resistant cells appears to be an important element in the mechanism of resistance (11,12,30), but the role of other factors, such as the appearance ofa new protein in resistant cells, has still to be elucidated (2,5,20). Minocycline (7-dimethylamino-6-deoxy-6-demethyltetracycline) is a semisynthetic derivative of tetracycline to which most tetracyclineresistant strains of S. aureus are susceptible (10, 16). Experiments of Kuck and Forbes (17) with E. coli and Sompolinsky and Krausz (33) with S. aureus indicate that tetracycline-resistant cells which retain their susceptibility to minocycline show a decreased accumulation of tetracycline but retain the ability to accumulate minocycline. Resistance to both tetracycline and minocycline determined by some R factors (29, 31) is accompanied by a decrease in the accumulation of both tetracycline and minocycline (17).Phair and Carleton (27) found that S. aureus strains of phage group m, although susceptible ...

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Uptake of Minocycline and Tetracycline by Tetracycline-Susceptible and -Resistant Bacteria

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

The Genetics of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

The Genetics of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Induction of Tetracycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in the Absence of Lipid Synthesis

Minocycline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Effect on Phage Susceptibility

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