Uptake of macromolecules by cercariae during skin penetration and transformation to schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni)

Thornhill, J.; Kusel, J. R.; Oliviera, Fabricia Alvisi de; Ribeiro, Fábio; Lima, S.F.; Coelho, Paulo Marcos Zech; McVeigh, Paul; Mattos, Ana Carolina Alves de

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000400007

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2007), sporocyst (Mattos et al . 2006), and cercariae (Thornhill et al 2009). The probe Hoechst 33258, which binds DNA of cells, is a very sensitive indicator of membrane integrity, since even the worms of the LE and LE-PZQ isolates – not exposed to PZQ in vitro or in vivo – showed slight labelling with the probe, leading to some variability among the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sensitive tool for identification of tegumental lesions in S. mansoni is the fluorescent probe Hoechst 33258 (Oliveira et al 2006). This probe has already been used in various studies, not only in adult worms (Lima et al 1994;Oliveira et al 2006), but also in schistosomula (Kusel et al 2007), sporocyst (Mattos et al 2006), and cercariae (Thornhill et al 2009). The probe Hoechst 33258, which binds DNA of cells, is a very sensitive indicator of membrane integrity, since even the worms of the LE and LE-PZQ isolatesnot exposed to PZQ in vitro or in vivoshowed slight labelling with the probe, leading to some variability among the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of fluorescent probes as a useful tool to identify resistantSchistosoma mansoniisolates to praziquantel

Couto¹,

Coelho

Araújo

et al. 2010

Parasitology

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The use of chemotherapy on a mass scale in endemic areas may lead to the appearance of resistant isolates through the mechanism of selective drug pressure. Studies have demonstrated that praziquantel (PZQ) is able to inhibit the excretory activity and to cause tegumental damage in Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. The use of the probe resorufin to evaluate excretory activity, as well as the probe Hoechst 33258 to detect tegumental damage in adult worms, may represent a method to identify resistant (or less susceptible) isolates. The purpose of the present work was to compare the changes caused by PZQ in the function of the excretory system and in the integrity of the tegument of adult worms from the LE isolate (susceptible to PZQ) and the LE-PZQ isolate (less susceptible to PZQ). Worms from the isolate LE-PZQ showed less severe tegumental lesions, in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, detected by labelling with Hoechst 33258 and continued to have a functional excretory system as shown by labelling with resorufin in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fluorescent probes as a useful tool to identify resistantSchistosoma mansoniisolates to praziquantel

Couto¹,

Coelho

Araújo

et al. 2010

Parasitology

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“…In newly transformed schistosomula, the ability to modify the surface membrane through acquisition of host molecules represents the formation of a host-parasite interface, at which skin-derived factors may stimulate internal membrane receptors to drive important actions of parasite development and facilitate escape from the host immune system [26, 27, 28, 29, 30]. In the present study, a considerable number of the genes up-regulated after 12 hours of stimulus by portal serum were related to membrane activity, mainly regarding the transport of substances, both on the cell membrane as well as in internal organelles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative sequence analysis reveals regulation of genes in developing schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni exposed to host portal serum

et al. 2017

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Once inside a vertebrate host after infection, individual schistosomula of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni find a new and complex environment, which requires quick adjustments for survival, such as those that allow it to avoid the innate immune response of the host. Thus, it is very important for the parasite to remain within the skin after entering the host for a period of about 3 days, at which time it can then reach the venous system, migrate to the lungs and, by the end of eighth day post-infection, it reach the portal venous system, while undergoing minimal changes in morphology. However, after just a few days in the portal blood system, the parasite experiences an extraordinary increase in biomass and significant morphological alterations. Therefore, determining the constituents of the portal venous system that may trigger these changes that causes the parasite to consolidate its development inside the vertebrate host, thus causing the disease schistosomiasis, is essential. The present work simulated the conditions found in the portal venous system of the vertebrate host by exposing schistosomula of S. mansoni to in vitro culture in the presence of portal serum of the hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Two different incubation periods were evaluated, one of 3 hours and one of 12 hours. These time periods were used to mimic the early contact of the parasite with portal serum during the course of natural infection. As a control, parasites were incubated in presence of hamster peripheral serum, in order to compare gene expression signatures between the two conditions. The mRNA obtained from parasites cultured under both conditions were submitted to a whole transcriptome library preparation and sequenced with a next generation platform. On average, nearly 15 million reads were produced per sample and, for the purpose of gene expression quantification, only reads mapped to one location of the transcriptome were considered. After statistical analysis, we found 103 genes differentially expressed by schistosomula cultured for 3 hours and 12 hours in the presence of hamster portal serum. After the subtraction of a second list of genes, also differentially expressed between schistosomula cultured for 3 hours and 12 hours in presence of peripheral serum, a set of 58 genes was finally established. This pattern was further validated for a subset of 17 genes, by measuring gene expression through quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Processes that were activated by the portal serum stimulus include response to stress, membrane transport, protein synthesis and folding/degradation, signaling, cytoskeleton arrangement, cell adhesion and nucleotide synthesis. Additionally, a smaller number of genes down-regulated under the same condition act on cholinergic signaling, inorganic cation and organic anion membrane transport, cell adhesion and cytoskeleton arrangement. Considering the role of these genes in triggering processes that allow the parasite to quickly adapt, escape the immune response of the host and st...

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“…Therefore, in vitrotransformed cercariae cultured for 3 days have been widely used for experimental approaches (Chai et al 2006). However, Thornhill et al (2010) reported that artificially transformed schistosomula were different from host-derived ones in their ability to take up macromolecules. The authors hypothesized that a specific stimulus from the host during skin penetration was lacking in schistosomula generated in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the establishment of a co-culture system of lung stage Schistosoma japonicum with host cells

Zhu

Ming

et al. 2012

Parasitol Res

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Uptake of macromolecules by cercariae during skin penetration and transformation to schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni)

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Use of fluorescent probes as a useful tool to identify resistantSchistosoma mansoniisolates to praziquantel

Use of fluorescent probes as a useful tool to identify resistantSchistosoma mansoniisolates to praziquantel

Comparative sequence analysis reveals regulation of genes in developing schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni exposed to host portal serum

Studies on the establishment of a co-culture system of lung stage Schistosoma japonicum with host cells

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