Uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its importance to metabolic requirements of the zebra mussel, <i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>

Baines, Stephen B.; Fisher, Nicholas S.; Cole, Jonathan J.

doi:10.4319/lo.2005.50.1.0036

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…As organisms increase in size, SA/V drops and osmotrophy alone becomes insufficient to meet nutrient demands. Thus, strictly osmotrophic organisms tend to be microscopic (e.g., bacteria), although some macroscopic animals, including sponges, corals, brachiopods, bryozoans, molluscs, and echinoderms, use osmotrophic feeding on DOC as a supplemental food source (22)(23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotrophy in modular Ediacara organisms

Laflamme

Xiao

Kowalewski

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

140

130

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The Ediacara biota include macroscopic, morphologically complex soft-bodied organisms that appear globally in the late Ediacaran Period (575-542 Ma). The physiology, feeding strategies, and functional morphology of the modular Ediacara organisms (rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs) remain debated but are critical for understanding their ecology and phylogeny. Their modular construction triggered numerous hypotheses concerning their likely feeding strategies, ranging from micro-to-macrophagus feeding to photoautotrophy to osmotrophy. Macrophagus feeding in rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs is inconsistent with their lack of oral openings, and photoautotrophy in rangeomorphs is contradicted by their habitats below the photic zone. Here, we combine theoretical models and empirical data to evaluate the feasibility of osmotrophy, which requires high surface area to volume (SA/V) ratios, as a primary feeding strategy of rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs. Although exclusively osmotrophic feeding in modern ecosystems is restricted to microscopic bacteria, this study suggests that (i) fractal branching of rangeomorph modules resulted in SA/V ratios comparable to those observed in modern osmotrophic bacteria, and (ii) rangeomorphs, and particularly erniettomorphs, could have achieved osmotrophic SA/V ratios similar to bacteria, provided their bodies included metabolically inert material. Thus, specific morphological adaptations observed in rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs may have represented strategies for overcoming physiological constraints that typically make osmotrophy prohibitive for macroscopic life forms. These results support the viability of osmotrophic feeding in rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs, help explain their taphonomic peculiarities, and point to the possible importance of earliest macroorganisms for cycling dissolved organic carbon that may have been present in abundance during Ediacaran times.erniettomorphs ͉ rangeomorphs ͉ Fractofusus ͉ Pteridinium

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotrophy in modular Ediacara organisms

Laflamme

Xiao

Kowalewski

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

140

130

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“…There is evidence of extensive DOM feeding by suspension feeders. DOC intake can explain up to 50% of the carbon demand of zebra mussels (Roditi et al 2000;Baines et al 2005). Yahel et al (2003) showed evidence of extensive in situ DOC feeding (more than 90% of the total carbon intake) by the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral cavities are sinks of dissolved organic carbon (DOC)

Goeij

Duyl

2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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We studied the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by coral cavities of 50-250 dm 3 at a depth range of 5-17 m along the coral reefs of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, and the Berau area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We found significantly lower DOC concentrations in cavity water compared with ambient reef water. On average, DOC concentrations in cavity water were 15.1 6 6.0 mmol L 21 (Curaçao) and 4.0 6 2.4 mmol L 21 (Berau) lower than in reef water. When the cavities were closed, DOC concentrations in the cavities declined by 22% 6 8% and 11% 6 4% in Curaçao and Berau, respectively, within 30 min. This corresponded to average DOC removal rates per cavity surface area of 342 6 82 mmol C m 22 d 21 in Curaçao and 90 6 45 mmol C m 22 d 21 in Berau. Bioassays showed that bacterioplankton are not responsible for this DOC removal by coral cavities. DOC fluxes exceeded bacterioplankton carbon (BC) fluxes into cavities by two orders of magnitude. On average BC fluxes per cavity surface area were 3.6 6 1.3 mmol C m 22 d 21 (Curaçao) and 1.9 6 1.3 mmol C m 22 d 21 (Berau area). The net DOC removal per square meter of cryptic surface likely exceeded the gross primary production per square meter of planar reef area. We conclude that coral cavities and their biota are net sinks of DOC and play an important role in the energy budget of coral reefs.

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“…Uptake calculations-Clearance rate (CR) and net DOC uptake rate (U) were calculated as follows, modified from Baines et al (2005):…”

Section: Laboratory Preparation Of Veligers For Isotopic Analysis-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory experiments have shown that veligers feed on particles #10 mm, including bacteria, protists, and detritus (Sprung 1993;Wacker et al 2002); however, there is increasing evidence that adult zebra mussels are able to use dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as an alternate carbon source (Roditi et al 2000). Recent measurements of DOC uptake in combination with chemical analysis of monomers such as acetate and amino acids in natural DOC showed that adult zebra mussels could potentially obtain 10-25% of their metabolic needs for carbon from DOC in river water (Baines et al 2005). To our knowledge, similar experiments have not been conducted on zebra mussel veligers, although active DOC uptake is known for the larval stage of some marine invertebrates, including bivalves (Manahan et al 1982).…”

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confidence: 99%

Trophic position of zebra mussel veligers and their use of dissolved organic carbon

et al. 2006

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We evaluated by stable isotope analysis the trophic structure of an estuarine transition zone (ETZ) food web and the role of an invasive species, the veliger stage of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. In the St. Lawrence ETZ, where zebra mussel veligers are now the dominant zooplankton in summer, d 13 C ranged from 231.2% (seston) to 216.1% (adult fish) and d 15 N ranged from 2.6% to 17.4%. Isotopic analysis of samples indicated that the overall food web was largely supported by autochthonous phytoplankton rather than by allochthonous terrestrial carbon. Large differences among the isotopic signals of veligers, cladocerans, and copepods suggested the use of different proportions of food items, and the isotopic values of fish larvae indicated no significant assimilation of veligers. The d 13 C signature of the veligers was in a range consistent with feeding on free-living bacteria and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or both, and freshwater algae incubated in situ. To investigate the possibility of DOC uptake by the veligers, we incubated veligers on 14 C-labelled algal lysates. There was rapid uptake of DOC and incorporation into biomass, equivalent to 6% of the soft tissue dry weight per hour. Zebra mussel veligers are likely using autochthonous DOC as an alternate food source, and they occupy an exotic trophic position in which there is little direct interaction with other major components of the ETZ food web.

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Uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its importance to metabolic requirements of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha

Cited by 38 publications

References 49 publications

Osmotrophy in modular Ediacara organisms

Osmotrophy in modular Ediacara organisms

Coral cavities are sinks of dissolved organic carbon (DOC)

Trophic position of zebra mussel veligers and their use of dissolved organic carbon

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