Uptake and photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin sorbed to grass foliage

McCrady, Joel K.; Maggard, Sharon

doi:10.1021/es00039a015

Cited by 96 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We found a value equal to 550 kg/m 3 . It remains in accordance with the typical values used in models for leaf wet density, which are comprised between 500 and 900 kg/m 3 (Riederer 1990, Paterson et al 1991, Bacci et al 1992, Trapp and McFarlane 1994, Maccrady and Maggard 1995.…”

Section: Model Asupporting

confidence: 83%

Integration of the Predictions of Two Models with Dose Measurements in a Case Study of Children Exposed to the Emissions from a Lead Smelter

Bonnard

McKone

2009

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

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Integration of the predictions of two models with dose measurements in a case study of children exposed to the emissions of a lead smelter AbstractThe predictions of two source-to-dose models are systematically evaluated with observed data collected in a village polluted by a currently operating secondary lead smelter. Both models were built up from several sub-models linked together and run using Monte-Carlo simulation, to calculate the distribution children's blood lead levels attributable to the emissions from the facility. The first model system is composed of the CalTOX model linked to a recoded version of the IEUBK model. This system provides the distribution of the media-specific lead concentrations (air, soil, fruit, vegetables and blood) in the whole area investigated. The second model consists of a statistical model to estimate the lead deposition on the ground, a modified version of the model HHRAP and the same recoded version of the IEUBK model. This system provides an estimate of the concentration of exposure of specific individuals living in the study area. The predictions of the first model system were improved in terms of accuracy and precision by performing a sensitivity analysis and using field data to correct the default value provided for the leaf wet density. However, in this case study, the first model system tends to overestimate the exposure due to exposed vegetables. The second model was tested for nine children with contrasting exposure conditions. It managed to capture the blood levels for eight of them. In the last case, the exposure of the child by pathways not considered in the model may explain the failure of the model. The interest of this integrated model is to provide outputs with lower variance than the first model system, but at the moment further tests are necessary to conclude about its accuracy.

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Section: Model Asupporting

confidence: 83%

Integration of the Predictions of Two Models with Dose Measurements in a Case Study of Children Exposed to the Emissions from a Lead Smelter

Bonnard

McKone

2009

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

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“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins are organic contaminants widely occurring at trace levels in ecosystems such as soils, sediments, atmosphere and plants (Sims and Overcash, 1983;Baek et al, 1991;McCrady et Maggard, 1993;Simonich and Hites, 1994;IARC, 1997;Lichtfouse et al, 1997Lichtfouse et al, , 1999Lohmann et Jones, 1998;Kurokawa et al, 1998). Although organic micropollutants have natural sources, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portal absorption of 14C after ingestion of spiked milk with 14C-phenanthrene, 14C-benzo[a]pyrene or 14C-TCDD in growing pigs

et al. 2002

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins are lipophilic organic pollutants occurring widely in the terrestrial environment. In order to study the PAHs and 2,3,7,8 TetraChloroDibenzo-pDioxin (TCDD) transfer in the food chain, pigs have been fed with milk mixed either with 14 Cphenanthrene, with 14 C-benzo[a]pyrene or with 14 C-TCDD. The analysis of portal and arterial blood radioactivity showed that both PAHs and TCDD were absorbed with a maximum concentration at 4-6 h after milk ingestion. Then, the blood radioactivity decreased to reach background levels 24 h after milk ingestion. Furthermore, the portal and arterial blood radioactivities were higher for phenanthrene (even if the injected load was the lowest) than these of benzo[a]pyrene or these of TCDD, in agreement with their lipophilicity and water solubility difference. Main 14 C absorption occurred during the 1-3 h time period after ingestion for 14 C-phenanthrene and during the 3-6 h time period for 14 Cbenzo[a]pyrene and for 14 C-TCDD. 14 C portal absorption rate was high for 14 C-phenanthrene (95 %), it was close to 33 % for 14 C-benzo[a]pyrene and very low for 14 C-TCDD (9 %). These results indicate that the three studied molecules have a quite different behaviour during digestion and absorption. Phenanthrene is greatly absorbed and its absorption occurs via the blood system, whereas benzo[a]pyrene and TCDD are partly and weakly absorbed respectively. However these two molecules are mainly absorbed via the portal vein.

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“…However, under steadystate conditions, the presence of vegetation will not necessarily alter the mass-balance of organic chemicals unless there is also some form of chemical sink (i.e., degradation, metabolism, sequestration) associated with the vegetation. Crosby et al (1977) suggested that cuticle wax may enhance the degradation of some organic environmental pollutants and recent work supports this suggestion (McCrady and Maggard 1993;Schynowski and Schwack 1996;Schuler, Schmid et al 1998). However, plant tissue may also reduce a chemical's degradation rate constant relative to that in the atmosphere (Larson and Weber 1994, page 383).…”

Section: Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a ?forest filter effect? for organic pollutants?

Maddalena

McKone

Riley

2003

Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)

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Uptake and photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin sorbed to grass foliage

Cited by 96 publications

References 18 publications

Integration of the Predictions of Two Models with Dose Measurements in a Case Study of Children Exposed to the Emissions from a Lead Smelter

Integration of the Predictions of Two Models with Dose Measurements in a Case Study of Children Exposed to the Emissions from a Lead Smelter

Portal absorption of 14C after ingestion of spiked milk with 14C-phenanthrene, 14C-benzo[a]pyrene or 14C-TCDD in growing pigs

Is there a ?forest filter effect? for organic pollutants?

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