Uptake and distribution of phenanthrene and pyrene in roots and shoots of maize (Zea mays L.)

Houshani, Mahdieh; Salehi-Lisar, Seyed Yahya; Motafakkerazad, Ruhollah; Movafeghi, Ali

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-04371-3

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, lower carbohydrate content in roots can be due to higher consumption of energy for resistance to pyrene toxicity. According to our results, higher accumulation and degradation rate of pyrene was occurring in maize roots (Houshani et al, 2019). Carbohydrates in plants, in addition to energy production, lead to the regulation of various gene expressions (Rolland et al, 2006) and may have antioxidant activity (Lang-Mladek et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Growth and antioxidant system responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to different concentration of pyrene in a controlled environment

Houshani

Salehi-Lisar

Movafeghi

et al. 2019

AAS

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of organic pollutants effecting different aspects of plants physiology. To assess the physiological responses of plants to PAHs, maize (Zea mays) was treated with 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm of pyrene and after 21 days, the activity of some antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), total flavonoid, total anthocyanin, and soluble sugar contents were measured in shoots and roots of plants. Pyrene led to increase MDA content as well as CAT, POD, and SOD activities. Increase in pyrene concentration reduced all studied growth variables and significantly increased photosynthetic pigments contents of plants. Soluble sugar content was significantly higher in the shoot, while that was reduced in the roots through increasing of pyrene concentration (p < 0.05). Also, the increase of pyrene concentration decreased total flavonoid content compared to anthocyanin content. In conclusion, these findings supported the hypothesis that pyrene toxicity induces oxidative stress in the maize plant and it also increases the antioxidant systems in order to moderating stress condition. However, the antioxidant system of maize was not strong enough to eliminate all produced ROS at high concentrations, thus this caused oxidative damage to the plant and decreased its growth variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Growth and antioxidant system responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to different concentration of pyrene in a controlled environment

Houshani

Salehi-Lisar

Movafeghi

et al. 2019

AAS

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“…Cr(VI) is a powerful oxidizing agent that can pass through cell membranes and undergo subsequent intracellular reduction to reactive intermediates 23 . Plant species can take up PAHs primarily through roots and translocate them to various aerial parts; the pyrene concentration in maize roots increased over time, while that in maize shoots decreased 24 . Mixed contamination with Cr(VI) and BaP was demonstrated to be more toxic than that of BaP alone on seed germination of Lolium perenne .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotreatment of pyrene and Cr(VI) combined water pollution by mixed bacteria

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Pyrene and chromium (Cr(VI)) are persistent pollutants and cause serious environmental problems because they are toxic to organisms and difficult to remediate. The toxicity of pyrene and Cr(VI) to three crops (cotton, soybean and maize) was confirmed by the significant decrease in root and shoot biomass during growth in pyrene/Cr(VI) contaminated hydroponic solution. Two bacterial strains capable of simultaneous pyrene biodegradation and Cr(VI) reduction were isolated and identified as Serratia sp. and Arthrobacter sp. A mixture of the isolated strains at a ratio of 1:1 was more efficient for biotreatment of pyrene and Cr(VI) than either strain alone; the mixture effectively carried out bioremediation of contaminated water in a hydroponic system mainly through pyrene biodegradation and Cr(VI) reduction. Application of these isolates shows potential for practical microbial remediation of pyrene and Cr(VI) combined water pollution.

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“…On the other hand, the phenanthrene concentration was decreased in the shoots and roots over time and the higher concentrations were detected in 7-day-old plants. In addition, the results demonstrated that main parts of degradation were occurred in the roots in comparison with the shoots (Houshani et al 2019). The lower degradation rate of pyrene might be due to its higher molecular weight and organic carbon partition coe cient (Carmichael and In this study, some intermediate compounds such as quinones, dihydrodiols, and hydroxyl-PAHs were produced through PAHs degradation in maize plants.…”

Section: Proposed Degradation Pathway For Pyrenementioning

confidence: 95%

Proposed Pathways for Phytodegradation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Maize (Zea Mays L.) Using GC-Ms Analysis

Houshani

Salehi-Lisar

Motafakkerazad

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants which are persistent in the environment. Biodegradation of PAHs is one of the major mechanisms for their removal from environment. However, unlike microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, the degradation pathways of organic pollutants in plant systems are not completely clear. This paper displays the possible pathways for the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene (as two abundant PAHs in the environment) in maize plant. Maize plants were treated by phenanthrene and pyrene and after 7, 14, and 21 days, a number of intermediate compounds were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis. The obtained results showed that although maize plant can metabolize both compounds, but the degradation rate of phenanthrene was faster and higher than that of pyrene. The degradation of phenanthrene occurred mainly in the second week, whereas the degradation of pyrene was slower and mostly happened after the third week. Intriguingly, the degradation of both compounds was primarily observed in the roots. The number of identified intermediate compounds was different in the shoot and root and depends on the type of contaminant and treatment time. The most outstanding identified intermediates were quinones, dihydrodiols, phthalate and phenolic compounds which were formed through the cleavage of phenanthrene and pyrene. Accordingly, the probable degradation pathways of phenanthrene and pyrene in maize plants were proposed.

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Uptake and distribution of phenanthrene and pyrene in roots and shoots of maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Growth and antioxidant system responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to different concentration of pyrene in a controlled environment

Growth and antioxidant system responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to different concentration of pyrene in a controlled environment

Biotreatment of pyrene and Cr(VI) combined water pollution by mixed bacteria

Proposed Pathways for Phytodegradation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Maize (Zea Mays L.) Using GC-Ms Analysis

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