Upset over Air Pollution: Analyzing Upset Event Emissions at Petroleum Refineries

Ozymy, Joshua; Jarrell, Melissa L.

doi:10.1111/j.1541-1338.2011.00502.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…First, atmospheric scientists have investigated the degree to which excess emissions impair air quality [8][9][10][11][12]. A second stream of research has explored patterns of excess emissions across states and industries [4,13,14]. In the most comprehensive analysis to date, Zirogiannis,Hollingsworth,and Konisky [3] analyze patterns of excess emissions across sectors, facilities, multiple pollutants, and over more than a decade of time from 2004-2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial, ethnic, and income disparities in air pollution: A study of excess emissions in Texas

Konisky

Zirogiannis

2019

PLoS ONE

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Objective Excess emissions are pollutant releases that occur during periods of startups, shutdowns or malfunctions and are considered violations of the U.S. Clean Air Act. They are an important, but understudied and under-regulated, category of pollution releases given their frequency and magnitude. In this paper, we examine the demographic correlates of excess emissions, using data from industrial sources in Texas. Methods We conduct two complementary sets of analyses: one at the census tract level and one at the facility level. At the census tract level, we use a multinomial logit model to examine the relationships between racial, ethnic, and income characteristics and the incidence of excess emissions. At the facility level, we first estimate a logit model to examine whether these characteristics are associated with facilities that emit excess emissions, and then, conditional on the presence of excess emissions, we use ordinary least square regression to estimate their correlation with the magnitude of releases. Results Across our analyses, we find that the percentage of Black population and median household income are positively associated with excess emissions; percentage of college graduate, population density, median housing value, and percentage of owner-occupied housing unit are negatively associated with excess emissions. We, however, have not found a clear and significant relationship between the percentage of Hispanic population and excess emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial, ethnic, and income disparities in air pollution: A study of excess emissions in Texas

Konisky

Zirogiannis

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) has been criticized for a lack of oversight on industrial emissions of air (Ozymy and Jarrell 2011) and water pollutants (Berg, Kim, and Rumpler 2018), as well as poor prosecutorial enforcement against violators (Ozymy and Jarrell 2017). Both Federal- and state-level environmental monitoring in Texas has drawn increased scrutiny in the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey, a Category 4 storm that made landfall on the Texas Gulf Coast on the evening of August 25, 2017 and resulted in up to 33 trillion gallons of rainfall in the week that followed (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality 2018).…”

Section: The Partnershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaged environmental science for underserved youth

Kirsch

Elizondo²,

Salazar³

et al. 2019

Environmental Education Research

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The National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences has called for targeted efforts to engage underserved youth in environmental education programs that support environmental literacy and contribute to the development of a diverse workforce pipeline for environmental science-related occupations. Evidence suggests that career knowledge among low income and minority youth is more likely to be incompatible with post-secondary educational opportunities than other racial and ethnic groups. One approach to attenuating discordant college and career expectations among underserved youth is building networks for information sharing between secondary and post-secondary students. The purpose of this commentary is to describe the development and implementation of a high school curriculum on environmental science and environmental justice by Texas A&M University in collaboration with community engagement partners, students, and teachers at Furr High School, an innovative XQ Super School in Houston, Texas.

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“…It is no surprise that in practice most violations of environmental crimes are punished via monetary fines and settled via negotiated settlements (Ozymy and Jarrell, 2011). The agency falls prey to a simple logic of what Daley and Layton (2004) call a "transactions cost" logic of agency decision-making.…”

Section: Studying Green Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

Red state, blue state, green state: analysing the geography of federal environmental crime prosecutions within and across the U.S. states

Ozymy¹,

Jarrell²

2017

Palgrave Commun

Self Cite

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While green criminologists note that environmental crimes are taken less seriously than street crimes by law enforcement and the criminal justice system, the diffuse structure of the environmental regulatory regime in the United States and lack of governmental databases makes empirical assessment of environmental crimes and enforcement efforts particularly difficult. This article builds on a need in the green criminological literature to empirically assess the distribution and prosecution of environmental crimes in the United States, by focusing on the underserved area of the U.S. states. Using content analysis of 972 federal environmental crime prosecutions 2001-2011, this article explores the nature and geography of these crimes and subsequent prosecutions within and across the U.S. states. Our findings show a wide distribution of crimes and prosecutions occurring across the states, with Clean Air and Clean Water violations being particularly prevalent. We also find a weak trend between prosecutions and both the amount of pollution and number of environmental groups per state, but the small number of cases and limitations of the data make drawing firm conclusions difficult. These findings show an increased need to build databases to understand the prevalence of environmental crimes and the prosecution of those offenses in the U.S. states.

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Upset over Air Pollution: Analyzing Upset Event Emissions at Petroleum Refineries

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Racial, ethnic, and income disparities in air pollution: A study of excess emissions in Texas

Racial, ethnic, and income disparities in air pollution: A study of excess emissions in Texas

Engaged environmental science for underserved youth

Red state, blue state, green state: analysing the geography of federal environmental crime prosecutions within and across the U.S. states

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