Upscaling the Use of Mixed Recycled Aggregates in Non-Structural Low Cement Concrete

López-Uceda, Antonio; Ayuso, Jesús; Jiménez, José Ramón; Agrela, Francisco; Barbudo, Auxi; Brito, Jorge de

doi:10.3390/ma9020091

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…One of the main focuses of action of the "circular economy" is the construction sector, since it is considered one of the main generators of waste and consumers of natural resources at the European level [3,4]. Within the construction sector, the mortar and concrete industry has a high impact due to its high consumption of non-renewable natural resources [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Study of Recycled Aggregate Mortar for Electric Arc Furnace Dust Encapsulation

et al. 2021

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This article shows the preliminary results of a study carried out to determine the technical feasibility of encapsulating a high percentage of EAFD in cement-based mortars manufactured with the fine fraction of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). Two families of mortars, with natural aggregate as a reference and with RCA, were studied. An incorporation rate by weight of two parts mortar to one part EAFD was tested. The mechanical strengths (compressive strength and tensile strength) before and after immersion in water, the rate of delitescence and the leaching behavior were studied. Mortars made with RCA showed similar mechanical strengths to the reference mortars made with natural aggregates; however, the incorporation of EAFD decreased the mechanical strengths. Encapsulation considerably reduced the leaching of heavy metals, although the Pb concentration remained above the hazardous waste limit. With this preliminary study, two wastes are managed together, and the results have shown that the use of RCA instead of natural aggregate is a viable alternative since it does not significantly impair the mechanical or leaching properties of the cement-based matrices used to encapsulate EAFD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Study of Recycled Aggregate Mortar for Electric Arc Furnace Dust Encapsulation

et al. 2021

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“…At present, there is an international consensus about the necessity for a sustainable development, which makes researchers look for more environmentally friendly solutions, focused on both managing the natural resources more efficiently and reducing the carbon footprint [1,2,3,4,5,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the materials included in the cement-treated materials is soil–cement [14,15,16,19,20,21,22]. This technique can be produced in a manufacturing plant, where employed aggregates can totally or partially come from a recycling method [1,2,3,23,24,25] or in situ, using devices similar to in the subgrade stabilization procedure [19,20,26], taking advantage of the engineering properties of the soil that is placed in or near the road.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexural Strength Prediction Models for Soil–Cement from Unconfined Compressive Strength at Seven Days

et al. 2019

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Soil–cement is an environmentally friendly road construction technique for base and subbase materials, which allows employing soils placed in the right-of-way of the road or in the surroundings, by improving its engineering properties. With this technique, it is possible to reduce the over-exploitation of quarries, the necessity of landfills and the pollutant gas emission due to the reduction of aggregate fabrication and transport. The manufacturing of soil–cement is generally controlled by means of the Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) test at seven days, according to the regulations of each country. Nonetheless, one of the properties that best defines the performance of soil–cement is the Flexural Strength (FS) at long term, usually at 90 days. The aim of this paper is to develop new equations to correlate the UCS and the FS at long term and the UCS at seven days and at 90 days. Obtained results validate the proposed models and, hence, the flexural strength can be predicted from the Uniaxial Compressive Strength at seven days, allowing, if necessary, correcting measures (recalculation or rejection) in early stages of the curing time to be taken.

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“…To allow a higher load distribution capacity in pavements, the use of RA in cement-treated granular materials (CTGM) provides excellent performance compared to using traditional unbound materials [12,13,14]. Additionally, RA can be used in recycled concrete [15,16,17] and mortar [18,19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads

et al. 2016

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Social awareness aims to increase practical skills, such as sustainable development, which seeks to increase the use of different types of waste in construction activities. Although insufficient attention is sometimes given to these actions, it is essential to spread information regarding new studies in the field of waste recycling, which encourages and promotes waste use. Reusing and recycling construction waste in the creation of buildings and infrastructure are fundamental strategies to achieving sustainability in the construction and engineering sectors. In this context, the concept of waste would no longer exist, as waste would become a material resource. Therefore, this study analyses the behaviours of two unbound mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) in the structural layers of an unpaved rural road with low traffic (category T43). The sections were built on inappropriate soil (A-7-6) with a high degree of free swelling. The experimental road consisted of three sections: the first was made with natural aggregates (NA) that were used as a control, the second was composed of MRA in the subbase and NA in the base, and the third section was completely composed of MRA. The materials were characterised in the laboratory. The behaviours of the structural layers in the experimental road were determined by controlling compaction (“in situ” density and moisture) and measuring the deflections and load capacity (deflectometer) during the 18 months after construction. The results show that the sections made with recycled aggregates meet the technical specifications required by General Technical Specifications for Road and Bridge Works (PG-3). Therefore, the water-soluble sulphate content and Los Angeles abrasion coefficient limits can be increased for recycled aggregates without compromising the quality of this type of road with low traffic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study regarding the use of unbound MRA made from construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the construction of an unpaved rural road with low traffic on an expansive clay subgrade.

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Upscaling the Use of Mixed Recycled Aggregates in Non-Structural Low Cement Concrete

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Preliminary Study of Recycled Aggregate Mortar for Electric Arc Furnace Dust Encapsulation

Preliminary Study of Recycled Aggregate Mortar for Electric Arc Furnace Dust Encapsulation

Flexural Strength Prediction Models for Soil–Cement from Unconfined Compressive Strength at Seven Days

Feasibility of Using Unbound Mixed Recycled Aggregates from CDW over Expansive Clay Subgrade in Unpaved Rural Roads

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