Upregulation of Vascular endothelial growth factor m‐RNA in Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells via shock waves

Abstract

Background: Cardio shock wave therapy (CSWT) treated patients show a significant improvement in symptoms has a beneficial affect in patients with heart failure and endstage coronary artery disease. The underlying mechanism is still not known. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a strong mitogen which induces angiogenesis. We invastigated whether VEGF is elevated after shock wave treatment in Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC).Methods: For CSW treatment HUVEC cells were put into a 2 ml Cryo tube 5-106 cells/ml. Shock waves were produced by a modified lithotrypter. The cell containing tubes were installed in a water bath at 37°C directly into the focus of the shock waves. Different energy tlux densities 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 mJ/mm2 were used. After shock wave treatment cells were grown for 24-36 h. Cells were centrifuged and m-RNA was isolated using standard methods. Reverse transcriptase -Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using VEGF165 m-RNA primer. Cell death was measured using MTT-assay.Results: Ceil death increased with increasing energy dosages. RT-PCR revealed a significant increase in cells treated with CSW in comparison to untreated controll cells (Figurel).

Shock Wave Therapy Applied to Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells Enhances Formation of Cells Stained Positive for CD31 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

“…33 Taking these findings into consideration, recruitment of circulating endothelial progenitor cells to the site of ischemia, activation of the VEGF-Flt 31 system and upregulation of SDF-1 in the ischemic area are believed to be the mechanisms of angiogenesis/vasculogenesis following SW therapy. 11,24,30,32,33 The most important finding from the present study is that SW therapy markedly enhanced BMDMNCs expression of CD31+ cells, which indicates that SW therapy accelerated the differentiation of BMDMNCs into endothelial phenotype cells. Experimental studies have demonstrated that bone marrow contains abundant multipotential progenitor cells that can be expanded ex vivo and, under appropriate culture conditions, differentiate into various cells types, including endothelial cells, and enhance angiogenesis.…”

“…In vitro studies 11,24 have demonstrated that shock wave (SW) therapy can enhance mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Accordingly, animal models of extracorporeal cardiac SW therapy have been used recently to investigate the effects of extracorporeal cardiac SW therapy, and the experimental results show that applying appropriate energy to the ischemic myocardium can induce angiogenesis, thereby improving ischemic cardiac function.…”

Microvascular Response to Shock Wave Application in Striated Skin Muscle

“…Accordingly, improved local perfusion was suggested after ESWA-associated reduction of necrosis using an epigastric skin flap model and a dorsal skin random flap model, respectively [13,[19][20][21]. The exposition of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) to low dose ESWA revealed a significant upregulation of VEGF m-RNA protein, indicating a direct vascular effect [22]. Induction of neovascularisation by ESWA could histologically be confirmed in Achilles tendons of dogs and rabbits [23,24].…”

“…Gutersohn et al exposed HUVECs to low dose shock waves [22]. Quantification of VEGF m-RNA 36 h after treatment revealed a significant up-regulation of the protein.…”

A historical perspective towards a non-invasive treatment for patients with atherosclerosis

“…Shock wave therapy has been widely used in lithotripsy or in the treatment of certain orthopaedic conditions. Some studies have demonstrated that lowenergy extracorporeal shock wave therapy could upregulate angiogenic factors in cultured endothelial cells in vitro 19 and enhances angiogenesis in the ischaemic myocardium and normalises myocardial function in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischaemia. 20 It has also shown to improve left ventricle remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in pigs when therapy is started in an early phase.…”