Upregulation of neuropeptides and obstructive airway disorder in infancy: A review with focus on post‐RSV wheezing and NEHI

Wang, Bin; Cárdenas, Mónica; Bedoya, Mariana; Colin, Andrew A.; Rossi, Giovanni A.

doi:10.1002/ppul.25292

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The % NEC area is twofold more remarkable in the proximal bronchioles [ 10 ]. NECs release bombesin, probably involved in the pathogenesis of small airway obstruction [ 29 ]. Mastej et al demonstrated that lung and airway appearances in patients with NEHI presented an increased anteroposterior diameter, suggesting that also this criterion might be considered in the diagnostic criteria [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children: “Specific Conditions of Undefined Etiology” Becoming Clearer

et al. 2022

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Background: Children’s interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a rare group of pediatric lung diseases affecting the lung interstitium diffusely. In this work, we focused our attention on a specific infant group of chILD, also known as “specific conditions of undefined aetiology”, including pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG) and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI). Methods: PubMed was searched to conduct this narrative review. We searched for articles in English using the following keywords: (1) neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy; (2) NEHI; (3) pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis; (4) PIG; (5) chILD. Results: An increasing interest and insight into these two conditions have been reported. The updated literature suggests that it is possible to look at these disorders as a continuum of diseases, rather than two different entities, since they share a pulmonary dysmaturity. Conclusions: NEHI and PIG are featured by dysmaturity of airway development and consequent respiratory distress. Understanding the underlying pathogenic mechanisms would lead to identifying new targeted therapies to ameliorate the mortality and morbidity of these rare conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children: “Specific Conditions of Undefined Etiology” Becoming Clearer

et al. 2022

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“…We also did not assess for increased peptide levels (i.e., gastric releasing peptide). Elevations of these peptides can be expected in NEHI from overactive PNECs; however, the application of these levels is a more recently developed concept that is still actively undergoing research ( 20 , 34 ). Future studies may benefit from measuring peptide levels in these patients to further elucidate the pathophysiology of NEHI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Rare lung disease of infancy diagnosed with the assistance of a home pulse oximetry baby monitor

et al. 2022

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Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a rare childhood interstitial lung disease characterized by a gradual onset of tachypnea, hypoxemia, and failure to thrive in the first 2 years of life. NEHI is challenging to diagnose and can masquerade as common respiratory infections and reactive airway disease. Timely diagnosis is essential to optimize management of comorbidities, improve outcomes, and prevent unnecessary interventions. We report a case of a 14-month-old male who was hospitalized multiple times with recurrent episodes of presumed bronchiolitis. However, early on, the parents had detected unexplained nighttime hypoxemia with a wearable home pulse oximetry baby monitor. While recurrent respiratory infections are common in infancy, our patient had numerous persistent symptoms refractory to traditional treatments, which prompted further workup and ultimately led to the diagnosis of NEHI. The home baby monitor provided useful information that accelerated workup for a presentation that did not fit the usual picture of recurrent bronchiolitis, bronchospasm, or pneumonia. These devices that monitor infant cardiopulmonary status and oxygenation are becoming increasingly popular for home use. There is controversy over their clinical utility due to the frequency of false alarms, excessive parental reliance on these devices, and lack of Food and Drug Administration oversight to ensure accuracy and effectiveness of these devices. Our case provides an example of how in certain clinical settings, information from these devices might serve as a complementary tool in the pediatrician’s medical decision-making and possibly lead to a rare diagnosis such as NEHI.

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“…(24) Dalším vzácným onemocněním řazeným pod chILD je NEHI (neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy), dříve nazývaná perzistující tachypnoe kojenců. (25) Vzhledem k poměrně recentnímu popsání NEHI není příliš studií zabývajících se oxygenoterapií u tohoto onemocnění. Z dostupné literatury je ovšem patrné, že děti trpící tímto onemocněním vyžadují ve většině případů dlouhodobou oxygenoterapii.…”

Section: Intersticiální Plicní Onemocnění Dětíunclassified

Patofyziologie a detekce hypoxemie u dětí, její důsledky a nejčastější onemocnění indikovaná k dlouhodobé domácí oxygenoterapii

Holeček Krištofová,

Koucký,

Pohunek

2024

Czech-Slovak Pediatrics

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Dlouhodobá domácí oxygenoterapie u dětí Patofyziologie a detekce hypoxemie u dětí, její důsledky a nejčastější onemocnění indikovaná k dlouhodobé domácí oxygenoterapii Long-term home oxygen therapy for children Pathophysiology, detection and consequences of long-term hypoxemia in children, the most common diseases indicated for long-term home oxygen therapy tereza Holeček Krištofová, Václav Koucký, Petr Pohunek Pediatrická klinika, 2. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova a FN Motol, Praha souHrn Holeček Krištofová t, Koucký V, Pohunek P. Dlouhodobá domácí oxygenoterapie u dětíDlouhodobá domácí oxygenoterapie u dětí (DDOT) je definována jako podávání kyslíku mimo nemocniční prostředí pacientům s onemocněním plic, plicních cév a případně i hrudní stěny (resp. ventilační pumpy) trpícím chronickou respirační insuficiencí 1. typu. Hlavním cílem DDOT je zamezení výskytu déletrvajících stavů hypoxie a tím předcházení rozvoji komplikací, jakými jsou například plicní hypertenze, kognitivní deficit a další. Domácí oxygenoterapie zároveň umožňuje dítěti pobyt mimo nemocniční zařízení a zvyšuje jeho kvalitu života. DDOT je rezervována zpravidla pro koncová stadia závažných plicních a některých mimoplicních onemocnění. Specificky v dětském věku lze však u některých patologií očekávat ústup závislosti na dodatečném kyslíku (např. bronchopulmonální dysplazie či hyperplazie neuroendokrinních buněk kojenců) a tím i možnost ukončení DDOT. Tento přehledový článek je prvním ze dvou článků, které se věnují problematice DDOT v České republice. Klade si za cíl stručně představit patofyziologické mechanismy vedoucí k hypoxemii a objasnit na jejich základě účinnost a vhodnost oxygenoterapie. Dále krátce představuje metody detekce hypoxemie vhodné pro dětský věk a důsledky dlouhodobé hypoxemie na dětský organismus. V neposlední řadě se věnuje nejčastějším diagnózám indikovaným a potenciálně léčitelným DDOT.Klíčová slova: dlouhodobá domácí oxygenoterapie u dětí (DDOT), hypoxemie, detekce hypoxemie, důsledky chronické hypoxie, nemoci indikované k DDOT suMMArY Holeček Krištofová t, Koucký V, Pohunek P. Long-term home oxygen therapy for children Long term home oxygen therapy for children is defined as oxygenotherapy outside hospital environment dedicated for patients with lung diseases, diseases of pulmonary vascular system and diseases of the thoracic wall (ventilation) suffering from chronic respiratory insufficiency of type 1. The main target of a long-term home oxygen therapy in children (LTOT) is to prevent prolonged hypoxia in children with chronic respiratory condition. Prolonged hypoxia can lead to health complications such as pulmonary hypertension, cognitive impairment etc. LTOT enables patients to spend more time at home and improves their quality of life. LTOT is indicated for end-stages of severe pulmonary and sometimes non-pulmonary illnesses, but there are known pathologies such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia or neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy where the patient is expected to spontaneously wean of oxygen. This review ...

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Upregulation of neuropeptides and obstructive airway disorder in infancy: A review with focus on post‐RSV wheezing and NEHI

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children: “Specific Conditions of Undefined Etiology” Becoming Clearer

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children: “Specific Conditions of Undefined Etiology” Becoming Clearer

Case report: Rare lung disease of infancy diagnosed with the assistance of a home pulse oximetry baby monitor

Patofyziologie a detekce hypoxemie u dětí, její důsledky a nejčastější onemocnění indikovaná k dlouhodobé domácí oxygenoterapii

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