Upregulation of LIMK1 Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Lu, Gui-Fu; Zhou, Ying; Zhang, Chenxi; Zhang, Yu

doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.671585

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…LIM domain kinase (LIMK) is a class of serine/threonine protein kinases (3); previous studies indicated that LIMK1 was highly expressed in numerous malignant tumors and correlated with patients' poor prognoses (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). However, there is little research on the role of LIMK2 in malignant tumors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LIMK2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates With Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Previous research found that LIM domain kinase 2 (LIMK2) expression correlated with a poor prognosis in many cancers. However, its role in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has not yet been clarified. Our study aimed to clarify the role of LIMK2 in LUSC prognosis prediction and explore the relationship between LIMK2 and immune infiltration in LUSC. In this study, we first analyzed the expression level and prognostic value of LIMK2 across cancers. Subsequently, we explored the association of LIMK2 expression with immune infiltrating cells and immune checkpoints. our study found that LIMK2 was highly expressed and positively associated with the overall survival of LUSC. Moreover, our study further indicated that LIMK2 expression was significantly negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in LUSC. Finally, we confirmed upstream regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of LIMK2, and the PVT1 and DHRS4-AS1/miR-423-5p/LIMK2 regulatory axes were successfully constructed in LUSC. Put together, LIMK2 is a novel prognostic biomarker and correlates with tumor immune cell infiltration in LUSC, and the expression of LIMK2 is regulated by the PVT1 and DHRS4-AS1/miR-423-5p axes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LIMK2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates With Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“… 29 , 30 The inextricable link between lung cancer and immune infiltration has been repeatedly demonstrated. 31 , 32 , 33 However, the association between immune infiltration and RAGE expression has not been reported. In the present study, GO‐BP enrichment analysis indicated that these co‐expressed genes of RAGE were implicated in the immune‐related pathways, including neutrophil activation involved in immune response, neutrophil degranulation, and regulation of leukocyte‐mediated immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29,30 The inextricable link between lung cancer and immune infiltration has been repeatedly demonstrated. [31][32][33] However, the association between immune infiltration and RAGE expression has not been reported. In the present study, GO-BP enrichment analysis indicated Cellular senescence has been involved in various diseases progression, including tumor, wound healing, and aging.…”

Section: Ta B L E 2 Correlation Analysis Between Rage Expression and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RAGE is a potential biomarker implicated in immune infiltrates and cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma

Lin

et al. 2022

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background Receptor for Advanced Glycation End‐products (RAGE) is an oncogene abnormally expressed in various cancers. However, the clinical value of RAGE and the biological role of RAGE in lung cancer have not been fully investigated. Methods We compared the RAGE expression using several public databases. The relationship between RAGE expression and clinicopathological variables was assessed. The R software package was used to carry out enrichment analyses of RAGE co‐expression and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Additionally, we used the TIMER database to assess the association between immune infiltration and RAGE expression. The correlation between RAGE expression and senescence biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed using the TCGA database. Results Our findings indicated that the expression of RAGE was downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma, and down‐regulation of RAGE was related to poor overall survival and disease‐free survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that RAGE co‐expression genes were mainly associated with neutrophil activation involved in immune response, neutrophil degranulation, and regulation of leukocyte‐mediated immunity. Correlation analysis revealed that RAGE expression was closely related to the purity of the tumor and immune infiltration. GSEA indicated that the RAGE‐related differential genes were mainly enriched in senescence‐related pathways. Besides, the RAGE expression was significantly associated with senescence‐related genes. Conclusion Down‐regulation of RAGE expression was associated with poor prognosis, as well as defective immune infiltration and cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma.

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“…A study by Zhang et al ( 11 ) indicate that lung carcinoma cell proliferation and tumor metastasis are suppressed by inhibiting LIMK1 activity in vivo and in vitro . In a subsequent bioinformatics analysis, it is reported that the expression of LIMK1 is significantly correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and poor prognosis of lung cancer ( 15 ). In CRC, a few studies have demonstrated that upregulation of LIMK1 through direct or indirect pathways can promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro ( 16 , 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LIMK1: A promising prognostic and immune infiltration indicator in colorectal cancer

et al. 2022

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Studies have shown that LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) is upregulated in a variety of tumors and may be a potential detection target. The present study analyzed the expression difference of LIMK1 and its relationship with tumor clinicopathological characteristics and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC). The transcriptomic data of LIMK1 with CRC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GEO databases for analyzing the expression of LIMK1 mRNA and the correlation with the prognosis of patients. The protein expression of LIMK1 was obtained from the Human Protein Atlas. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier was used to evaluate the expression characteristics and prognostic differences of LIMK1 in CRC. STRING was used to analyze co-expression genes of LIMK1. The tumor immune estimation resource was applied to the correlation between LIMK1 expression and immune infiltrates. The present study verified LIMK1 expression at the level of clinical samples collected from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The mRNA and protein expression of LIMK1 were both upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent tissues in CRC. The expression levels of LIMK1 were positively associated with clinical-pathological features of CRC including lymphatic invasion (P=4.00×10 −2 ) and high pathologic stages (P=4.20×10 −2 ). The AUC value of LIMK1 in CRC was 0.937 (95% CI: 0.918-0.957) through ROC analysis. Under the best cut-off value (4.009), the sensitivity and specificity were 98 and 81.9%. LIMK1 expression was mainly related to CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in the immune microenvironment of CRC. In conclusion, the high expression of LIMK1 in CRC was closely related to the clinical features and prognosis of patients. Therefore, LIMK1 was a promising prognostic indicator and a potential target for immunotherapy in CRC.

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Upregulation of LIMK1 Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

LIMK2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates With Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

LIMK2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates With Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

RAGE is a potential biomarker implicated in immune infiltrates and cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma

LIMK1: A promising prognostic and immune infiltration indicator in colorectal cancer

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