Upregulation of FSHR and PCNA by administration of coenzyme Q10 on cyclophosphamide‐induced premature ovarian failure in a mouse model

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide (CTX) has been broadly used in the clinic for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and ovarian cancer. The process of chemotherapy has significant toxicity in the reproductive system as it has detrimental effects on folliculogenesis, which leads to an irreversible premature ovarian failure (POF).Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has positive impacts on the reproductive system due to its antioxidant properties, protecting the cells from free-radical oxidative damage and apoptosis. However, little is known about the possible synergistic effect of CTX and CoQ10 on the expression of genes involved in folliculogenesis, such as proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). A total of 32 NMRI mice were applied and divided into four groups, including healthy control, CTX, CTX + CoQ10, and CoQ10 groups. The effects of CoQ10 on CTX-induced ovarian injury and folliculogenesis were examined by histopathological and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses. The rates of fertilization (in vitro fertilization), embryo development, as well as the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes after PMSG/HCC treatment were also assessed. Results showed that the treatment with CTX decreased the mRNA expression of PCNA and FSHR, IVF rate, and embryo development whereas the application of CoQ10 successfully reversed those factors.CoQ10 administration significantly enhanced histological morphology and decreased ROS levels and the number of atretic follicles in the ovary of CTX-treated mice. In conclusion, it seems that the protective effect of CoQ10 is exerted via the antioxidant and proliferative properties of this substance on CTX-induced ovarian damage.

Effects of endocrine disruptor furan on reproductive physiology of Sprague Dawley rats: An F1 Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (EOGRTS)

“…63 In mammalian reproduction, FSH is main hormone; it play a vital role in gonadal development, maturation at puberty, and gamete production during the fertile phase of life. 64 Estrogen and FSH concentration is important for female secondary sexual characteristics, development, and proliferation of the ovarian follicles, and it plays a significantly important role in women's health. 64,65 Significant changes in ovarian and testicular architecture were seen in F1 generation as examined by histological analysis.…”

“…64 Estrogen and FSH concentration is important for female secondary sexual characteristics, development, and proliferation of the ovarian follicles, and it plays a significantly important role in women's health. 64,65 Significant changes in ovarian and testicular architecture were seen in F1 generation as examined by histological analysis. Spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis are dependent on endocrine regulation of sex hormones.…”

Evaluation of carvacrol on pituitary and sexual hormones and their receptors in the testicle of male diabetic rats

“…The thermocycling conditions were similar to our previous studies. 12,20 Finally, the relative quantitative analysis of the target genes was calculated based on the 2 -DDCt method.…”

Fumaria parviflora improves liver damage and lipid profile changes in STZ-induced diabetic rats

“…MDA level was assessed for investigation the lipid peroxidation in the liver. In order to provide a solution of "TBA-TCA-HCL", 375mg of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) was solved in 2ml of HCL, next added into 100ml of 15 percent trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (Delkhosh et al, 2019;Shokoohi et al, 2019). A water bath (50ºC) was used for dissolving the sediment, therefore the solution of potassium chloride (5.1%) used to immediately obtain a homogenized mixture (10%).…”