“…Reduced brain energy metabolism, particularly a decline in mitochondrial bioenergetics, plays a major mechanistic role in age, injury, and disease‐related cognitive decline (Alzheimer's Association, ; Swerdlow, Burns, & Khan, ; Yin, Jiang, & Cadenas, ). However, the healthy brain is also characterized by highly dynamic mitochondrial activity (Chan, Black, Lin, Ping, & Lau, ; Pandya, Royland, MacPhail, Sullivan, & Kodavanti, ; Picard & McEwen, ; Shannon et al, ; Vaishnavi et al, ), which allows it to redirect energy to areas of need (Placais et al, ) and balance ATP production with other functions of metabolic pathways, for example, calcium buffering and redox signaling (Maalouf, Sullivan, Davis, Kim, & Rho, ; Pandya, Nukala, & Sullivan, ; Wang, Murray, Chung, & Van Eyk, ; Wang et al, ). Plasticity in neural energetics, which directly impacts signaling, plays an important but understudied role in the regulation of learning, memory, and behavior in healthy animals (Hollis et al, ; Rittschof, Grozinger, & Robinson, ; Rittschof & Schirmeier, ).…”