Upper Temperature Limits for the Multiplication of Betanodaviruses

Hata, Naomi; Okinaka, Yasushi; Sakamoto, Takahiro; Iwamoto, Tokinori; Nakai, Toshiko

doi:10.3147/jsfp.42.225

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The optimum temperature for virus multiplication ranges from 15 °C to 30 °C depending on NNV genotypes and upper limit temperatures range from 32 °C to 35 °C. It has been reported that these temperatures mainly depend on genomic RNA1 which encodes RNA polymerase, although genomic RNA2 coding for CP also plays a role 30–34 . Infectivity of NNV gradually declines at 37 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered conformational structures of nervous necrosis virus surface protrusions and free coat proteins after incubation at moderate-low temperatures

Gye

Nishizawa

2019

Sci Rep

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a pathogenic fish virus belonging to family Nodaviridae . The objective of this study was to analyze stabilities of NNV surface protrusion and free coat protein (CP) conformational structures by analyzing changes of NNV infectivity and antigenicity after incubation at moderate-low temperatures. When cultured NNV suspension was incubated at 45 °C, its infectivity declined gradually but its antigenicity maintained. In contrast, both infectivity and antigenicity of purified NNV declined after incubation at 45 °C. After heat-treatment, surface protrusions of NNV particles disappeared completely, although viral particle structures maintained. Therefore, the reduction in NNV infectivity appeared to specifically occur as a result of heat-denaturation of virus surface protrusions. The loss of NNV infectivity in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) was delayed compared to virus heated in the absence of FBS, demonstrating that FBS could function as a stabilizer for conformational structures of NNV surface protrusions. Moreover, the stabilizing function of FBS changed depending on salt concentration. Continued maintenance of antigenicity for heated cultured NNV suspension containing free-CPs may suggest that conformational structures corresponding to protrusion-domain of free-CP are more heat-stable than those of surface protrusions on NNV particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered conformational structures of nervous necrosis virus surface protrusions and free coat proteins after incubation at moderate-low temperatures

Gye

Nishizawa

2019

Sci Rep

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“…It has been also observed that optimal culture temperatures vary among genotypes: 15–20 °C for the BFNNV genotype, 20 °C for the TPNNV genotype, 20–25 °C for the SJNNV genotype and 25–30 °C for the RGNNV genotype [ 12 ]. More recent studies have highlighted that it is the RGNNV genotype that can replicate in vitro at the widest range of temperatures, from a minimum of 15 °C to a maximum of 35 °C [ 13 , 14 ]. Noteworthy, betanodaviruses are widely distributed worldwide in cold, temperate and tropical climate zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro study of the replication capacity of the RGNNV and the SJNNV betanodavirus genotypes and their natural reassortants in response to temperature

Panzarin

Cappellozza

Mancin

et al. 2014

Vet Res

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Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis and affect a broad range of fish species worldwide. Their bi-segmented genome is composed of the RNA1 and the RNA2 molecules encoding the viral polymerase and the coat protein, respectively. In southern Europe the presence of the RGNNV and the SJNNV genotypes, and the RGNNV/SJNNV and RGNNV/SJNNV reassortants has been documented. Several studies have reported a correlation between water temperature and disease onset. To explore the replication efficiency of betanodaviruses with different genomes in relation to temperature and to understand the role of genetic reassortment on viral phenotype, RGNNV, SJNNV, RGNNV/SJNNV and RGNNV/SJNNV field isolates were fully sequenced, and growth curves generated in vitro at four different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 °C) were developed for each isolate. The data obtained, corroborated by statistical analysis, demonstrated that viral titres of diverse betanodavirus genotypes varied significantly in relation to the incubation temperature of the culture. In particular, at 30 °C betanodaviruses under investigation presented different phenotypes, and viruses containing the RNA1 of the RGNNV genotype showed the best replication efficiency. Laboratory results demonstrated that viruses clustering within the same genotype based on the polymerase gene, possess similar growth kinetics in response to temperature, thus highlighting the key role of RNA1 in controlling viral replication at different environmental conditions. The results generated might have practical implications for the inference of viral phenotype according to genetic features and may contribute to a better understanding of betanodavirus ecology.

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“…RGNNV has been isolated from diseased warm-water fishes, while BFNNV has been isolated from diseased cold-water fishes (Nishizawa et al, 1997;Aspehaug et al, 1999;Iwamoto et al, 1999;Thiery et al, 1999;Skliris et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2002;Chi et al, 2003), suggesting that water temperature is an important factor influencing disease outbreaks. This is partly supported by in vitro virus proliferation studies showing the optimum growth temperature of the virus in cultured cells (Iwamoto et al, 2000;Lai et al, 2001;Ciulli et al, 2006;Hata et al, 2007). No difference was noticed in mortality caused by SJNNV infection in striped jack larvae reared in water of 20-26°C, while water temperature of 16-28°C influenced development of RGNNV disease in redspotted grouper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Current Knowledge on Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) and its Causative Betanodaviruses

Nakai¹,

Sugaya²,

Nishioka³

et al. 2009

Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh

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As from January 2010 The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh (IJA) will be published exclusively as an on-line Open Access (OA) quarterly accessible by all AquacultureHub (http://www.aquaculturehub.org) members and registered individuals and institutions. Please visit our website (http://siamb.org.il) for free registration form, further information and instructions. This transformation from a subscription printed version to an on-line OA journal, aims at supporting the concept that scientific peer-reviewed publications should be made available to all, including those with limited resources. The OA IJA does not enforce author or subscription fees and will endeavor to obtain alternative sources of income to support this policy for as long as possible.

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Upper Temperature Limits for the Multiplication of Betanodaviruses

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Altered conformational structures of nervous necrosis virus surface protrusions and free coat proteins after incubation at moderate-low temperatures

Altered conformational structures of nervous necrosis virus surface protrusions and free coat proteins after incubation at moderate-low temperatures

In vitro study of the replication capacity of the RGNNV and the SJNNV betanodavirus genotypes and their natural reassortants in response to temperature

Current Knowledge on Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) and its Causative Betanodaviruses

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