Upper Permian Main Dolomite microbial carbonates as potential source rocks for hydrocarbons (W Poland)

Słowakiewicz, Mirosław; Mikołajewski, Zbigniew

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.04.002

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Isoprenoids and n-alkanes suggest the organic matter was deposited in a low energy environment under anoxic to transitional conditions during a high maturity evolutionary stage. The organic matter originated from a marine algal material mixed with terrestrial material (Shanmugam, 1985;Słowakiewicz and Mikołajewski, 2011;Ribeiro et al, 2013). Fig.…”

Section: Paleo-depositional Setting and Origin Of Parent Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Natural Gas Origin of Middle–Late Triassic Marine Source Rocks of the Western Sichuan Depression, SW China

Sun

Luo

Qing

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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A scientific exploration well (CK1) was drilled to expand the oil/gas production in the western Sichuan depression, SW, China. Seventy‐three core samples and four natural gas samples from the Middle–Late Triassic strata were analyzed to determine the paleo‐depositional setting and the abundance of organic matter (OM) and to evaluate the hydrocarbon‐generation process and potential. This information was then used to identify the origin of the natural gas. The OM is characterized by medium n‐alkanes (nC15–nC19), low pristane/phytane and terrigenous aquatic ratios (TAR), a carbon preference index (CPI) of ∼1, regular steranes with C29 > C27 > C28, gammacerane/C30hopane ratios of 0.15–0.32, and δDorg of −132‰ to −58‰, suggesting a marine algal/phytoplankton source with terrestrial input deposited in a reducing–transitional saline/marine sedimentary environment. Based on the TOC, HI index, and chloroform bitumen “A,” the algal‐rich dolomites of the Leikoupo Formation are fair–good source rocks; the grey limestones of the Maantang Formation are fair source rocks; and the shales of the Xiaotangzi Formation are moderately good source rocks. In addition, maceral and carbon isotopes indicate that the kerogen of the Leikoupo and Maantang formations is type II and that of the Xiaotangzi Formation is type II–III. The maturity parameters and the hopane and sterane isomerization suggest that the OM was advanced mature and produced wet–dry gases. One‐dimensional modeling of the thermal‐burial history suggests that hydrocarbon‐generation occurred at 220–60 Ma. The gas components and C–H–He–Ar–Ne isotopes indicate that the oil‐associated gases were generated in the Leikoupo and Maantang formations, and then, they mixed with gases from the Xiaotangzi Formation, which were probably contributed by the underlying Permian marine source rocks. Therefore, the deeply‐buried Middle–Late Triassic marine source rocks in the western Sichuan depression and in similar basins have a great significant hydrocarbon potential.

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Section: Paleo-depositional Setting and Origin Of Parent Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Natural Gas Origin of Middle–Late Triassic Marine Source Rocks of the Western Sichuan Depression, SW China

Sun

Luo

Qing

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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“…Alternative processes leading to the formation of micropores in Zechstein 2 Carbonate strata may include microbial activity. Macropores in microbiallydominated carbonate rocks such as Z2C lithofacies are well recognized and understood (Słowakiewicz and Mikołajewski, 2011;Perri et al, 2013;. Microbialites are excellent reservoir facies with primary porosity preserved to great burial depths (Mancini et al, 2013).…”

Section: Fig 11 Sem Photomicrographs Showing Inter-crystal/particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐ and Nanopores in Tight Zechstein 2 Carbonate Facies From the Southern Permian Basin, Nw Europe

Słowakiewicz

Perri

Tucker

2016

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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The study evaluates pore systems in samples of tight Upper Permian Zechstein 2 Carbonate (Z2C) facies from widely dispersed locations in the eastern and western parts of the Southern Permian Basin, NW Europe. Samples of Z2C drill cores comprising platform to shallow‐basin deposits were examined by petrographic techniques, porosity measurement and SEM analysis, in order to acquire a better understanding of porosity development and pore microstructure. Four carbonate lithofacies were identified by core‐scale and thin‐section analyses: subtidal / intertidal planar stromatolites and thrombolites; slope facies (laminated dolo‐ and lime‐mudstones and grain‐dominated turbidites); toe‐of‐slope / lower slope facies (laminated lime mudstones with turbidite beds); and shallow‐basin (embayment) facies (laminated lime mudstones and hemipelagic deposits). Porosity ranges from 0.08% to 9.6% and is lowest in the subtidal / intertidal planar and columnar stromatolites. The highest porosities, in the slope and shallow‐basin (embayment) lithofacies, probably resulted from catagenetic processes and microbial activity. High porosity in subtidal thrombolites is related to the original pore network. SEM analyses showed that pores are present within organic matter, pyrite framboids and microfossils, and between crystals. Subtidal / intertidal planar and columnar stromatolites and thrombolites have a high proportion of nanopores, probably resulting from microbial activity. Although porosity development is a combined function of the presence of organic matter and mineral components, together with sediment fabric and fractures, it is mostly a result of the early diagenetic transformation of mineral phases, microbial activity, and evaporite and carbonate dissolution.

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“…These results, together with the fact that USB and Soxhlet devices require longer extraction times (24 h) and larger solvent volumes [17,19], make FUSLE a very suitable option to extract organic matter from beachrock samples.…”

Section: Quality Assurance/quality Control (Qa/qc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, most of the works dealing with the analysis of such organic compounds in similar matrices like sediments, sands, soils and rocks often use very time consuming extraction techniques. In this framework, conventional Soxhlet extraction is the most referenced technique in this area, regardless of the long extraction periods (i.e., 8-16 h), large amount of sample (i.e., 100-150 g) and large extractant volumes (i.e., 150 mL) required [17][18][19][20]. Other extraction methods such as microwave assisted extraction (MAE) [21] have shown to be adequate extraction techniques for several solid matrices allowing the simultaneous extraction of multiple samples, but it is still time consuming and high-priced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focused ultrasound solid–liquid extraction for the determination of organic biomarkers in beachrocks

Blanco-Zubiaguirre

Arrieta

Iturregui

et al. 2015

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Beachrocks are consolidated coastal sedimentary formations resulting mainly from the relative rapid cementation of beach sediments by different calcium carbonate polymorphs. Although previous works have already studied the elemental composition and the mineral phases composing these cements, few of them have focused their attention on the organic matter present therein. This work describes an extraction methodology based on focused ultrasound solid-liquid extraction (FUSLE), followed by analysis using large volume injection (LVI) in a programmable temperature vaporizer (PTV) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to determine organics such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers (hopanes), which can increase and confirm the information obtained so far. This goal has been achieved after the optimization of the main parameters affecting the extraction procedure, such as, extraction solvent, FUSLE variables (amplitude, extraction time and pulse time) and also variables affecting the LVI-PTV (vent time, injection speed and cryo-focusing temperature). The developed method rendered results comparable to traditional extraction methods in terms of accuracy (77-109%) and repeatability (RSD<23%). Finally, the analyses performed over real beachrock samples from the Bay of Biscay (Northern Spain) revealed the presence of the 16 EPA priority PAHs, as well as some organic biomarkers which could increase the knowledge about such beachrock formation.

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Upper Permian Main Dolomite microbial carbonates as potential source rocks for hydrocarbons (W Poland)

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Characteristics and Natural Gas Origin of Middle–Late Triassic Marine Source Rocks of the Western Sichuan Depression, SW China

Characteristics and Natural Gas Origin of Middle–Late Triassic Marine Source Rocks of the Western Sichuan Depression, SW China

Micro‐ and Nanopores in Tight Zechstein 2 Carbonate Facies From the Southern Permian Basin, Nw Europe

Focused ultrasound solid–liquid extraction for the determination of organic biomarkers in beachrocks

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