Upper Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian Shelf-to-Basin Facies Architecture and Trends, Eastern Shelf of the Southern Midland Basin, West Texas

Hentz, Tucker F.; Ambrose, William A.; Hamlin, H. Scott

doi:10.23867/ri0282d

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…F4 and F5 are believed to have been deposited during intermediate sea level when the Eastern Shelf was partly (for example, shelf margin) occupied by a carbonate platform (Peng et al ., 2020a). This interpretation is consistent with the previously established stratigraphic framework of Upper Pennsylvanian–Lower Permian successions from the Eastern Shelf to deep Midland Basin (Brown et al ., 1990; Hamlin & Baumgardner, 2012; Hentz et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High amplitude glacioeustatic sea‐level variations (mean: ca 100 m) during the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age are believed to have been associated with lithofacies cyclicity in Upper Pennsylvanian–Lower Permian successions across the Eastern Shelf and deep Midland Basin (Brown et al ., 1990; Hentz et al ., 2017). Specifically, carbonate platforms developed on the surrounding shelves of the Midland Basin during an interglacial sea‐level highstand (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentology of the Upper Pennsylvanian organic‐rich Cline Shale, Midland Basin: From gravity flows to pelagic suspension fallout

Peng

2020

Sedimentology

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Although deep‐water fine‐grained sedimentary rocks comprise approximately two‐thirds of the stratigraphic record, the transportation and depositional processes are poorly understood compared with their shelf counterparts. This study reports the range of fine‐grained sedimentary rock lithofacies, transport, and depositional processes and cyclicities recorded in deep‐water deposits on the basis of three continuous cored wells from the Upper Pennsylvanian Cline Shale, Midland Basin, USA, with the goal of elucidating general principles that can inform synthesis depositional models for deep‐water fine‐grained sedimentary systems. A combination of sedimentological, petrographic and bulk geochemical analysis has defined seven lithofacies that stack in a repeated pattern to constitute ca 8 to 20 m thick composite cycle sets. The lower unit of each composite cycle set is characterized by basal siliciclastic‐rich lithofacies interpreted to record dilute, low‐density turbidity currents, potentially derived from hyperpycnal input which grade upward into carbonate‐rich lithofacies interpreted as debris‐flow deposits or pelagic suspension deposits. The upper unit of each composite cycle set is characterized by basal carbonate‐rich lithofacies interpreted as debris‐flow deposits or pelagic suspension deposits which grades upward into siliciclastic‐rich lithofacies interpreted to record dilute, low‐density turbidity currents, potentially derived from hyperpycnal input. The cyclicities recorded in the Cline Shale are believed to be controlled by high‐amplitude glacioeustatic sea‐level fluctuation (mean: ca 100 m). The siliciclastic‐rich lithofacies, potentially derived from hyperpycnal turbidity flows, were deposited during sea‐level lowstand, when siliciclastic sediment‐transport systems extended across the wide Eastern Shelf and deltas developed at the shelf margin. Carbonate‐rich lithofacies are interpreted to be deposited from debris flows or pelagic suspension fallout during sea‐level highstand when carbonate platforms were developed on the surrounding shelves. The prevalence of sediment density flow deposits, even in distal basin floor environments, challenges the conventional model that deep‐water fine‐grained sedimentary rocks are dominantly background sedimentation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology of the Upper Pennsylvanian organic‐rich Cline Shale, Midland Basin: From gravity flows to pelagic suspension fallout

Peng

2020

Sedimentology

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“…However, given that the formations of Northeast Texas are terrestrial (Wichita Group), the boundaries of the formations of the Lower Wichita Group can only be correlated precisely with the Art 2 lowstand using the equivalent marine formations in South Texas. Thus, according to Hentz et al 102 , the deposition of the Coleman Junction Limestone Member corresponds to a transgression system that followed a lowstand between depositional cycles 16 and 17. This lowstand appears in the middle of two regressive sandstones that were deposited between the Coleman Junction Limestone and the Sedwick Limestone (see Table 2 in ref.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Clado-stratigraphic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ages of the north-central Texas formations were updated based on the recent temporal definition of the Coleman Junction, the top of which correlates with the Wolfcampian-Leonardian boundary 102 . After the North American marine biostratigraphic zones were calibrated to the vicariant model, the Wolfcampian-Leonardian boundary correlated with the end of the Art 2 sea-level lowstand.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Clado-stratigraphic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This lowstand appears in the middle of two regressive sandstones that were deposited between the Coleman Junction Limestone and the Sedwick Limestone (see Table 2 in ref. 102 ). Accordingly, in the Geological Atlas of Hentz and Brown 103 , the interval of the Art 2 sea-level lowstand correlates very well with the Sandstones SS8 and SS6 of the Archer City www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Formation (formerly the Putnam Formation).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Clado-stratigraphic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An early Pangaean vicariance model for synapsid evolution

Brikiatis¹

2020

Sci Rep

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Genetic isolation due to geographic separation (vicariance) is the best understood cause of vertebrate speciation. nevertheless, it has never been demonstrated in the fossil record across a wide range of taxa. Here, by reviewing in-depth the available data of the Late Palaeozoic (~ 350-250 million years ago), i reconstructed an early pangaean junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model and showed that it coincides strongly with time-calibrated cladograms of the Late palaeozoic synapsids (the primitive ancestors of modern mammals). the temporal development of the vicariant topology seems to fit closely with the emergence rhythm of the recovered synapsid taxa, suggesting vicariance due to pangaean separation as the cause of early amniote evolution. the inferred vicariant topology also accounts for the observed pattern in the north American marine biostratigraphic units. Accordingly, the model demonstrates the link between the evolution of life on earth and palaeogeographic evolution and strongly supports allopatric speciation through vicariance as the prominent mode of amniote evolution. furthermore, correlations between state-of-the-art biochronostratigraphic charts and this palaeogeographic model suggest that the arido-eustasy model can explain the mid-permian biotic extinction event and depositional cycles, such as the pre-Zechstein of the central european Basin. Vicariance is the geographical separation of previously sympatric populations due to the development of geographical and/or ecological barriers to gene flow 1. Through vicariance, conspecific populations become genetically isolated and subsequently accumulate different mutations that render them reproductively incompatible resulting in the creation of new species 2. One common way for temporally heterogeneous geographic barriers to form is via eustatic sea-level changes that produce seaways on low profile intercontinental land bridges 3. Accordingly, transgressive stages, which occur when sea-levels are high, are expected to coincide with vicariance of the terrestrial biota, whereas regressive stages, which occur when sea-levels are low, are expected to coincide with geodispersals, and the opposite pattern is expected for marine biota 4. To verify a vicariance pattern, a junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model must correlate with phylogenetic topologies of multiple taxa 5. Although vicariance is the best understood mode of speciation 1,2 , due to the absence of detailed scenarios of palaeogeographic changes and sufficiently resolved and representative phylogenetic trees, allopatric speciation has not been confirmed for a wide range of taxa in the vertebrate fossil record. Based on the most apparent episodes of sea-level change that affected the southern connections between the Uralian Seaway (URS) and the Palaeotethys, an early Pangaean junction-disjunction palaeogeographic model was reconstructed and compared to time-calibrated consensus cladograms ("clado-stratigraphic patterns") of Late Palaeozoic vertebrates to determine whether a vicariance pat...

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What besides redox conditions? Impact of sea-level fluctuations on redox-sensitive trace-element enrichment patterns in marine sediments

Peng

2022

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Upper Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian Shelf-to-Basin Facies Architecture and Trends, Eastern Shelf of the Southern Midland Basin, West Texas

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Sedimentology of the Upper Pennsylvanian organic‐rich Cline Shale, Midland Basin: From gravity flows to pelagic suspension fallout

Sedimentology of the Upper Pennsylvanian organic‐rich Cline Shale, Midland Basin: From gravity flows to pelagic suspension fallout

An early Pangaean vicariance model for synapsid evolution

What besides redox conditions? Impact of sea-level fluctuations on redox-sensitive trace-element enrichment patterns in marine sediments

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